Timing for animation

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Foreword by Joanna Quinn
Preface to the 3rd Edition
Preface to the 1st Edition
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Timing for Broadcast Media
	Timing for Full Animation
	Timing in General
What is Good Timing?
The Storyboard
Traditional Storyboards
Digital Storyboarding
	2D Storyboarding
	3D Storyboarding—Pre-Visualization
Additional Storyboard Effects
Responsibility of the Director
Directing for Interactive Games
The Basic Unit of Time in Animation
Timing for Television, Web-Based Programming vs. Timing for Features
Slugging
Bar Sheets
Timing for a Hand-Drawn Film: Exposure Charts or Exposure Sheets
Timing for an Overseas Production
Timing for a 2D Digital Production
Timing for a 3D Digital Production
Timing for an Actor-Based Program (Performance or Motion Capture)
Animation and Properties of Matter
Movement and Caricature
Cause and Effect
Newton’s Laws of Motion
Objects Thrown Through the Air
Timing of Inanimate Objects
Rotating Objects
	Irregular Inanimate Objects
	Animate Objects—Characters
Force Transmitted Through a Flexible Joint
Force Transmitted Through Jointed Limbs
Spacing of Drawings—General Remarks
Spacing of Drawings
Timing a Slow Action
Timing a Fast Action
Getting into and Out of Holds
Single Frames or Double Frames? Ones or Twos?
How Long to Hold?
Anticipation
Follow Through
Overlapping Action
Timing an Oscillating Movement
Timing to Suggest Weight and Force—1
Timing to Suggest Weight and Force—2
Timing to Suggest Weight and Force—3
Timing to Suggest Weight and Force—4
Timing to Suggest Force: Repeat Action
Character Reactions and “Takes”
Timing to Give a Feeling of Size
The Effects of Friction, Air Resistance, and Wind
Timing Cycles—How Long a Repeat?
	A Waving Flag
Scenes with Multiple Characters
Digital Crowds (Massive)
Effects Animation: Flames and Smoke
Water
Rain
	Water Drops
Snow
Explosions
	3D Digital Effects
Repeat Movements of Inanimate Objects
Timing a Walk
Types of Walk
Spacing of Drawings in Perspective Animation
Timing Animals’ Movements: Horses
Timing Animals’ Movements: Other Quadrupeds
Timing an Animal’s Gallop
Bird Flight
Drybrush (Speed Lines) and Motion Blur
Accentuating a Movement
Strobing
Fast Run Cycles
Characterization (Acting)
The Use of Timing to Suggest Mood
Synchronizing Animation to Speech
Lip-Sync—1
Lip-Sync—2
Lip-Sync—3
Timing and Music
Animating for Interactive Games
Traditional Camera Movements
3D Camera Moves
Peg Movements in Traditional Animation
Peg Movements in 3D Animation
Editing Animation
Editing for Feature Films
	Editing for Television Episodes
Editing for Children’s Programming
Editing for Internet Programs
Conclusion
Index