The Use of Force in International Law: A Case-Based Approach

Table of Contents
List of Contributors
1. Introduction: The Jus Contra Bellum and the Power of Precedent • Tom Ruys, Olivier Corten, and Alexandra Hofer
2. The Caroline Incident—1837 • Michael Wood
PART 1. THE COLD WAR ERA (1945– 89)
	3. The Korean War—1950–53 • Nigel D White
	4. The Suez Crisis—1956 • Alexandra Hofer
	5. The Soviet Intervention in Hungary—1956 • Eliav Lieblich
	6. The U-2 Incident—1960 • Ki-Gab Park
	7. The Belgian Intervention in the Congo—1960 and 1964 • Robert Kolb
	8. The Indian Intervention in Goa—1961 • Tom Ruys
	9. The Cuban Missile Crisis—1962 • Alexander Orakhelashvili
	10. The Gulf of Tonkin Incident—1964 • Douglas Guilfoyle
	11. The US Intervention in the Dominican Republic—1965 • Christian Walter
	12. The Six Day War—1967 • John Quigley
	13. The Intervention in Czechoslovakia—1968 • Gerhard Hafner
	14. The USS Pueblo Incident—1968 • Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg
	15. The Indian Intervention into (East) Pakistan—1971 • Dino Kritsiotis
	16. The Yom Kippur War—1973 • François Dubuisson and Vaios Koutroulis
	17. Turkey’s Intervention in Cyprus—1974 • Oliver Dörr
	18. The Mayaguez Incident—1975 • Natalino Ronzitti
	19. The Entebbe Raid—1976 • Claus Kreß and Benjamin K Nußberger
	20. The Larnaca Incident—1978 • Constantine Antonopoulos
	21. The Vietnamese Intervention in Cambodia—1978 • Gregory H Fox
	22. The Ugandan–Tanzanian War—1978–79 • Kenneth Chan
	23. Operation Litani—1978 • Myra Williamson
	24. The Lebanon War—1982 • Myra Williamson
	25. The Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan—1979–80 • Georg Nolte and Janina Barkholdt
	26. The US Hostage Rescue Operation in Iran—1980 • Mathias Forteau and Alison See Ying Xiu
	27. The Iran– Iraq War—1980–88 • Andrea de Guttry
	28. Israel’s Airstrike Against Iraq’s Osiraq Nuclear Reactor—1981 • Tom Ruys
	29. The US Intervention in Nicaragua—1981–88 • Jörg Kammerhofer
	30. The Falklands/Malvinas War—1982 • Etienne Henry
	31. South African Incursions into Lesotho—1982 • Theresa Reinold
	32. The Intervention of the United States and other Eastern Caribbean States in Grenada—1983 • Nabil Hajjami
	33. The Israeli Raid Against the PLO Headquarters in Tunis—1985 • Erin Pobjie, Fanny Declercq, and Raphaël van Steenberghe
	34. The Killing of Khalil al- Wazir by Israeli Commandos in Tunis—1988 • Erin Pobjie, Fanny Declercq, and Raphaël van Steenberghe
	35. The US Strikes Against Libya—1986 • Maurice Kamto
	36. The US Intervention in Panama—1989 • Nicholas Tsagourias
PART 2. THE POST-COLD WAR ERA (1990–2000)
	37. The ECOWAS Intervention in Liberia—1990–97 • Ugo Villani
	38. The Gulf War—1990–91 • Erika de Wet
	39. Intervention in Iraq’s Kurdish Region and the Creation of the No- Fly Zones in Northern and Southern Iraq—1991–2003 • Tarcisio Gazzini
	40. The Intervention in Somalia—1992–95 • Terry D Gill and Kinga Tibori-Szabó
	41. The Intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina—1992–95 • Pierre Klein
	42. The US Airstrike Against the Iraqi Intelligence Headquarters—1993 • Paulina Starski
	43. The ECOWAS Intervention in Sierra Leone—1997–99 • Susan Breau
	44. The US Strikes in Sudan and Afghanistan—1998 • Enzo Cannizzaro and Aurora Rasi
	45. The Eritrean–Ethiopian War—1998–2000 • Sean D Murphy
	46. The Great African War and the Intervention by Uganda and Rwanda in the Democratic Republic of Congo—1998–2003 • James A Green
	47. The Kosovo Crisis—1999 • Daniel Franchini and Antonios Tzanakopoulos
PART 3. THE POST 9/11-ERA (2001– )
	48. The Intervention in Afghanistan—2001– • Michael Byers
	49. The Iraq War—2003 • Marc Weller
	50. Israeli Airstrikes in Syria—2003 and 2007 • Lindsay Moir
	51. The Israeli Intervention in Lebanon—2006 • Christian J Tams and Wenke Brückner
	52. The Turkish Intervention Against the PKK in Northern Iraq—2007–08 • Kimberley N Trapp
	53. ‘Operation Phoenix’, the Colombian Raid Against the FARC in Ecuador—2008 • Mónica Pinto and Marcos Kotlik
	54. The Conflict in Georgia—2008 • Christine Gray
	55. Israeli Military Operations Against Gaza: Operation Cast Lead (2008–09), Operation Pillar of Defence (2012), and Operation Protective Edge (2014) • Christian Henderson
	56. The NATO Intervention in Libya—2011 • Ashley Deeks
	57. US Extra- Territorial Actions Against Individuals: Bin Laden, Al Awlaki, and Abu Khattalah—2011 and 2014 • David Kretzmer
	58. The Intervention in Côte d’Ivoire—2011 • Dire Tladi
	59. The Intervention of the Gulf Cooperation Council in Bahrain—2011 • Agatha Verdebout
	60. The Ethiopian Military Intervention in Somalia—2011 • Jean-Christophe Martin
	61. The Intervention of France and African Countries in Mali—2013 • Karine Bannelier and Theodore Christakis
	62. Threats of and Actual Military Strikes Against Syria—2013 and 2017 • Anne Lagerwall
	63. The Crisis in Ukraine—2014 • Mary Ellen O’Connell
	64. The Military Operations Against the ‘Islamic State’ (ISIL or Da’esh)—2014 • Olivier Corten
	65. The Saudi-led Military Intervention in Yemen’s Civil War—2015 • Luca Ferro and Tom Ruys
	66. The ECOWAS Intervention in The Gambia—2016 • Mohamed S. Helal
Index