The Third Reich Sourcebook

Cover......Page 1
THE THIRD REICH SOURCEBOOK......Page 4
Title......Page 6
Copyright......Page 7
Contents......Page 8
List of Illustrations......Page 24
Preface......Page 26
List of Key Abbreviations......Page 30
PART ONE. THE BEGINNINGS OF NATIONAL SOCIALISM......Page 32
1. The Munich Years and the Legacy of the War......Page 34
1. Guidelines of the German Workers’ Party (1919)......Page 36
2. Adolf Hitler, Letter to Adolf Gemlich (1919)......Page 37
3. Wilfrid Bade, The Founding of the Party in 1920 (1933)......Page 39
4. Dietrich Eckart, Jewishness in and around Us (1919)......Page 41
5. The Program of the German Workers’ Party: The Twenty-Five Points (1920)......Page 43
6. Gottfried Feder, Manifesto for Breaking the Bondage of Interest (1919)......Page 45
7. Otto Gmelin, Prohn Fights for His People (1933)......Page 48
8. Heinrich Lersch, The German Soldier (1939)......Page 50
9. Hanns Johst, Schlageter (1933)......Page 51
10. Hans Hinkel, One of a Hundred Thousand (1937)......Page 53
11. Wilfrid Bade, The Hitler Trial (1933)......Page 58
12. Wilfrid Bade, The SA Conquers Berlin: A Documentary Report (1933)......Page 61
13. Fritz Oerter, Our Speakers in the Anti-Marxist Struggle: The Balance of an Election Year (1932)......Page 62
14. Hermann Führbach, How I Became a National Socialist (1934)......Page 66
2. Nazism in Power: 1933......Page 68
15. Walter Frank, On the History of National Socialism (1939)......Page 71
16. Oswald Spengler, The White World Revolution (1933)......Page 73
18. Joseph Goebbels, Day of Potsdam: 22 March 1933......Page 76
19. Erich Ebermayer, My Day of Potsdam: Diary Entry (1933)......Page 77
20. Decree of the Reich President for the Protection of Volk and State (1933)......Page 78
21. Anonymous, The Reichstag Fire: Declaration of Martial Law? (1933)......Page 80
22. Otto Wels, Speech against the Passage of the Enabling Act (1933)......Page 81
23. Law to Remedy the State of Emergency of Volk and Reich (1933)......Page 83
24. Law for the Restoration of Professional Civil Service (1933)......Page 84
25. Adolf Hitler, Speech to Commemorate National Labor Day (1933)......Page 85
26. Das Schwarze Korps, Second-Class Comrades? (1936)......Page 86
27. Carl Schmitt, State, Movement, Volk: The Tripartite Division of Political Unity (1933)......Page 89
28. Ernst Forsthoff, The Total State (1933)......Page 90
29. Alfred Rosenberg, The Total State? (1934)......Page 93
30. Carl Schmitt, The Führer Protects the Law: On Adolf Hitler’s Reichstag Address of 13 July 1934......Page 94
31. Hans Frank, On the Position of the Judge before National Socialist Law and in the National Socialist State (1936)......Page 98
3. The Political Religion: Führer Cult, Ceremonies, and Symbol......Page 99
32. Albert Reich, Adolf Hitler’s Homeland (1933)......Page 102
33. Baldur von Schirach, Hitler as No One Knows Him (1933)......Page 103
34. Rudolf Hess, The Oath to Adolf Hitler (1934)......Page 105
36. David Lloyd George, I Talked to Hitler (1936)......Page 108
37. Anonymous, “This Is National Kitsch!”: What the Ban on Führer Kitsch Is Supposed to Protect Us From (1933)......Page 110
38. Anonymous, City and Countryside Shine in Celebratory Splendor (1939)......Page 111
39. Engelbert Huber, The Swastika (1933)......Page 112
40. Franz Alfred Six, The Propaganda of the Street and the Masses (1936)......Page 113
41. Franz Alfred Six, The Power of the Spoken Word (1936)......Page 117
42. Erwin Schockel, Good and Bad Posters (1939)......Page 119
43. Das Schwarze Korps, With German Protestant Catholic Greetings (1935)......Page 121
44. Wilfrid Bade, The Party Rally Day of Victory: The Victory of Faith (1933)......Page 122
45. Willy Liebel, Five Years: Nuremberg, City of Party Rallies (1938)......Page 124
46. Victor Klemperer, Listening to Göring’s Speech at the 1938 Nuremberg Rally (1938)......Page 126
47. Law Concerning Holidays (1934)......Page 127
48. Hannes Kremer, New Meanings for “Inherited” Customs? (1937)......Page 128
49. Frank Leberecht, Call to the Fire (1934)......Page 131
50. Central Cultural Office, Reich Propaganda Leadership, Honoring Fallen Heroes: NSDAP Veterans’ Memorial Day Celebrations (1939)......Page 132
PART TWO. THE NATIONAL SOCIALIST WORLDVIEW......Page 136
4. Between Myth and Doctrine......Page 138
51. Adolf Hitler, The Aryan (1925)......Page 141
52. Adolf Hitler, Speech at the NSDAP Congress on Culture (1933)......Page 144
53. Ernst Krieck, The Racial-Völkisch-Political Conception of History (1934)......Page 151
54. Alfred Rosenberg, The Myth of the Twentieth Century: On the Third Edition (1930)......Page 155
55. Joseph Goebbels, Communism with the Mask Off (1935)......Page 157
56. Carl Schmitt, National Socialist Legal Thought (1934)......Page 165
57. Hans F. K. Günther, A Modest Racial Study of the German People (1929)......Page 168
59. Paul Schultze-Naumburg, Nordic Beauty: Portraits of Perfection in Life and in Art (1937)......Page 171
60. Wolf Willrich, The German Face (1935)......Page 173
61. Otto Höfler, Secret Cultic Societies of the Germanic Peoples (1934)......Page 175
62. Harald Spehr, Were the Ancient Germans “Ecstatics”?: A Comment on Otto Höfler’s Secret Cultic Societies of the Germanic Peoples (1936)......Page 177
63. Eberhard Freidank, Nordic Ecstasy (1933)......Page 179
64. Alfred Baeumler, Hellas and Germania (1943)......Page 180
5. Racial Science......Page 182
65. Ludolf Haase, We Need a Reich Office of Racial Affairs (1933)......Page 184
66. Walter Gross, National Socialist Racial Policy: A Speech to German Women (1934)......Page 188
67. Paul Brohmer, Biological Studies and Völkisch Education (1933)......Page 194
68. Günther Hecht, Biology and National Socialism (1937/1938)......Page 198
69. Johann Fahlbusch, Colored Blood in the Rhineland (1935)......Page 199
70. Reichsführer SS Central Office for Racial Policy, Racial Policy (1942)......Page 200
6. Germany’s Colonial Mission......Page 203
71. Karl Haushofer, National Socialist Thought in the World (1933)......Page 205
72. Hans Simmer, German Territory and German Volk (1934)......Page 206
73. Hans Grimm, My Father, My Colonies (1934)......Page 208
74. Ernst Gerhard Jacob, Colonial Policy as Cultural Mission (1938)......Page 209
75. Ernst Janisch, The Biological-Historical Background of German Living Space (1943)......Page 211
PART THREE. ANTISEMITISM: THE CORE DOCTRINE......Page 214
7. Jews: The Visible Enemy......Page 216
76. Adolf Hitler, Aryan and Jew (1925)......Page 218
77. Engelbert Huber, The Anti-Semitism of the NSDAP (1933)......Page 223
78. E. H. Schulz and R. Frercks, Why the Aryan Law? A Contribution to the Jewish Question (1934)......Page 226
79. Reinhard Heydrich, The Visible Enemy: The Jews (1935)......Page 228
80. Alfred Rosenberg, Bolshevism: The Work of an Alien Race (1935)......Page 230
81. Martin Buber, An Open Letter to Gerhard Kittel (1933)......Page 231
82. Gerhard Kittel, Response to Martin Buber (1934)......Page 233
8. Eliminating the Jews: From the Nuremberg Laws to Kristallnacht......Page 235
84. Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor (1935)......Page 240
85. Wilhelm Stuckart and Hans Globke, Civil Rights and the Natural Inequality of Man (1936)......Page 241
86. Carl Schmitt, German Jurisprudence and the Struggle against the Jewish Spirit (1936)......Page 247
87. Herwig Hartner-Hnizdo, Accident of History or Destiny of the Race? (1939)......Page 249
88. Johann von Leers, The Criminality of Jewry (1940)......Page 252
89. Das Schwarze Korps, Concentration Camps and Their Inmates (1936)......Page 253
90. Peter-Heinz Seraphim, Jewry in the Eastern European Space (1938)......Page 254
91. Karl Friedrich Euler, The Yiddish Language as Expression of the Jewish Mind (1942)......Page 257
93. Fritz Arlt, The Final Struggle against Jewry: A Historical Reflection on Jewish Enmity (1938)......Page 259
94. Reinhard Heydrich, Instructions for Kristallnacht (1938)......Page 262
95. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Actions against the Jews on 9, 10, and 11 November 1938......Page 263
96. Betty Scholem, Report on Kristallnacht (1939)......Page 264
97. Sopade, Reactions of the Populace to Reichskristallnacht (1938)......Page 266
98. Das Schwarze Korps, What Now, Jews? (1938)......Page 267
PART FOUR. NATIONALIZING GERMAN YOUTH......Page 270
9. Educating the Race: Children and Adolescents......Page 272
100. Anonymous, Conference Minutes: Horst Wessel School in Kassel (1933–45)......Page 274
101. Paul Garz and Otto Hartmann, German Grammar: Active/Passive Voice (1937)......Page 278
103. Baldur von Schirach, To the Flag (1942)......Page 279
104. Dietrich Klagges, Volk and Führer: German History for Schools (1942)......Page 280
106. Otto Steche, Erich Stengel, and Maxim Wagner, School Subject: Biology (1942)......Page 281
107. Law Concerning the Hitler Youth (1936)......Page 282
108. Sopade, Reports on German Youth (1938)......Page 283
110. Baldur von Schirach, The National Socialist Youth Movement (1933)......Page 284
111. Reimund Schnabel, Leadership Training Program of the Hitler Youth (1938)......Page 286
112. Anonymous, A Hitler Youth Scout Is Loyal and True! (1941)......Page 287
113. Oberbannführer Stephan, The League of German Girls Organization in the Hitler Youth (1935)......Page 290
114. Erna Bohlmann, The Position of the Ancient Germanic Woman (1934)......Page 292
115. Günter Kaufmann, Faith and Beauty (1938)......Page 293
117. Jutta Rüdiger, The “Eastern Deployment” of the BDM (1942)......Page 295
118. Kristel Paun, Wartime Fashion Show (1942)......Page 296
10. Higher Education: Science, History, and Philosophy Revised......Page 297
119. Ernst Krieck, Renewal of the German University (1933)......Page 301
120. Arthur Göpfert, Eugen Fischer, Martin Heidegger, and Wilhelm Pinder, Vow of Allegiance of the Professors of German Universities and Institutions of Higher Learning to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist State (1933)......Page 302
121. Karl Alexander von Müller, The State of the University (1938)......Page 309
122. E. Günther Gründel, The Intellectuals and National Socialism (1934)......Page 311
123. Ludwig Glaser, Jews in Physics: Jewish Physics (1939)......Page 313
124. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Citing Jewish Authors in Dissertations (1940)......Page 314
125. Christoph Steding, Disease unto Death? Disease unto Life? (1938)......Page 315
126. Johannes Haller, The Epochs of German History (1936)......Page 316
127. Karl Alexander von Müller, The Influence of the Peasantry in the National Community of the Volk (1938)......Page 319
128. Theodor Schieder, East Prussia in the History of the Reich (1938)......Page 320
129. Kleo Pleyer, Volk in the Field (1943)......Page 322
130. Ernst Krieck, The German of the German Language Society (1934)......Page 323
131. Ernst Krieck, Philosophy (1939)......Page 324
132. Arnold Gehlen, The State and Philosophy (1935)......Page 326
133. Gerhard Fricke, The German of the Enlightenment (1935)......Page 327
134. Alfred Baeumler, Nietzsche and National Socialism (1943)......Page 329
135. Wolfgang Schultz, Nietzsche’s Zarathustra and the Historical Zarathustra (1935)......Page 331
136. Heinrich Härtle, Nietzsche and National Socialism (1938)......Page 333
PART FIVE. THE RACIAL COMMUNITY......Page 336
11. Women and “the Woman Question”......Page 338
137. Paula Siber, The National Socialist Solution to the Woman Question (1933)......Page 340
139. Adolf Hitler, Speech to the Meeting of the National Socialist Women’s Organization (1934)......Page 342
140. Hanns Johst, Mother (1934)......Page 345
141. Emil Strauß, The Mother (1934)......Page 346
142. Joseph Goebbels, German Women (1933)......Page 347
143. Gertrud Scholtz-Klink, To Swedes and Germans (1937)......Page 351
144. Das Schwarze Korps, Fashion: A Matter for Our Women! (1939)......Page 352
145. Office of Women’s Affairs of the German Labor Front, Working Women and Leisure Time......Page 354
146. Gertrud Altmann-Gädke, The Maternal Instinct Must Be Reinforced (1941)......Page 356
 147. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Women’s Reactions to Goebbels’s “Total War” Speech (1943)......Page 357
12. Marriage and the Family......Page 358
148. Law for the Protection of the Hereditary Health of the German Volk (1935)......Page 360
149. Otto Steche, Guide to Racial Science and Eugenics, Fostering Congenitally Sound Progeny, and Family Science for the Intermediate Level (1937)......Page 362
150. Anonymous, Selection and Breeding (1942)......Page 363
151. Otto Steche, Erich Stengel, and Maxim Wagner, Womb Wars (1942)......Page 365
13. Eliminating “Superfluous Life”: “Asocials,” Criminals, the Handicapped, and the Mentally Ill......Page 366
152. Law for the Protection against Hereditarily Diseased Offspring (1933)......Page 369
153. Kurt Daluege, The National Socialist Fight against Criminality (1936)......Page 370
154. Reinhard Heydrich, The Enemy in Disguise (1935)......Page 372
156. Ferdinand von Neureiter, Body Type and Crime (1940)......Page 374
157. Adolf Hitler, Memorandum Authorizing Involuntary Euthanasia (1939)......Page 375
158. Clemens August Count von Galen, Sermon on Euthanasia (1941)......Page 376
159. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, On the Public Response to the Film Ich klage an [I Accuse] (1942)......Page 378
160. Rudolf Frercks, Christianity and Sterilization (1942)......Page 381
14. Healthy and Unhealthy Sexuality......Page 382
161. Das Schwarze Korps, Is This “Nudist Culture?” Herr Stapel Is Outraged! (1935)......Page 386
162. Das Schwarze Korps, Sexual Indecency on Active Duty (1936)......Page 387
163. Wolfgang Willrich, The Suffocating Nobility (1943)......Page 389
164. Hugo Hertwig, Race and Love (1941)......Page 392
165. Der Stürmer, The Abortion Trial: Jewish Doctors as Murderers (1939)......Page 395
166. A. Aschenbrenner, Incest and Hereditary Health (1940)......Page 396
167. Anonymous, How Magnus Hirschfeld’s Institute for Sexual Science Was Demolished and Destroyed (1933)......Page 398
168. Magnus Hirschfeld, Men’s Leagues: A Psychosexual Analysis of the Röhm Catastrophe (1934)......Page 400
169. Anonymous, Illusions (1935)......Page 402
170. 1935 Revision to Paragraph 175 of the Penal Code (1935)......Page 405
171. Heinrich Himmler, On Homosexuality and Abortion (1936, 1937)......Page 406
172. SS-Untersturmführer Professor Eckhardt, Sexually Indecent Abominations against Nature Are Punishable by Death (1935)......Page 408
15. The German Soul and Psyche......Page 412
173. Frank Maraun, Christianity and Psychoanalysis (1933)......Page 415
174. Anonymous, The Role of the Jew in Medicine: The Psychoanalysis of the Jew Sigmund Freud (1933)......Page 416
 175. Kurt Gauger, Political Medicine: Foundations of a German Psychotherapy (1933)......Page 417
176. Herbert Rudolf, Interview with Prof. Dr. M. H. Göring: Early Childhood Experiences Determine Development Later in Life (1939)......Page 421
177. The Case of Edith Jacobsohn: Indictment and Commentaries (1935, 1936)......Page 424
178. Ernest Jones, Letter to Anna Freud (1935)......Page 425
179. Dr. Fritz Bleiber, Siegmund [sic] Freud and Psychoanalysis (1939)......Page 427
180. C. G. Jung, The State of Psychotherapy Today (1934)......Page 430
181. Ursula von Kardorff, Suicide and Deportation (1943)......Page 431
182. Dr. Leonard Reitberger, On the Psychology of Suicide (1944)......Page 432
183. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Kamikaze Panic: The Image of Japan in the German Population (1942)......Page 434
PART SIX. THE CHURCHES......Page 438
16. The National Socialist State and Christianity......Page 440
184. Concordat between the Holy See and the German Reich (1933)......Page 444
186. Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber, What Is the Stance of Christianity to the German Race? (1934)......Page 450
187. Declaration of the German Christians (1933)......Page 451
188. Karl Barth, Theological Declaration of Barmen (1934)......Page 452
189. Statement of the Confessing Church (1934)......Page 455
190. Julius von Jan, A Sermon on Bußtag (Day of Atonement): “O earth, earth, earth, hear the word of the Lord!” (1938)......Page 456
191. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, The Churches’ Attempts to Undermine Anti-Jewish Sentiments in the Populace (1941)......Page 458
192. Alfred Rosenberg, Theses on the Worldview (1941)......Page 460
193. Walter Künneth, Jesus: Aryan or Jew? (1936)......Page 464
194. Walter Grundmann, Jesus of Nazareth and Jewry (1940)......Page 466
195. Das Schwarze Korps, The German Faith: Where Do We Stand? (1936)......Page 468
196. Martin Bormann, National Socialism and Christianity Are Irreconcilable (1941)......Page 471
197. Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Resistance and Resignation (1945)......Page 472
PART SEVEN. NATIONAL SOCIALISM AND THE ARTS......Page 474
17. Literature: Official Culture and Its Outcasts......Page 476
198. German Student Association, Down with the Un-German Spirit! (1933)......Page 480
199. Anonymous, To the German Student Association: All Anti-Semitic Students Are Assholes! (1933)......Page 481
200. Association of German Peoples Librarians, General Guidelines for Compiling Blacklists (1933)......Page 482
201. German Student Association Head Office for Enlightenment and Publicity, To the Individual Student Associations (1933)......Page 483
202. Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, The Public Burning of Outlawed Works (1933)......Page 484
203. Oskar Maria Graf, Burn Me! (1933)......Page 485
204. Joseph Goebbels, The Tasks of the Ministry of Propaganda (1933)......Page 486
205. Joseph Goebbels, Speech at the Opening of the Reich Chamber of Culture (1933)......Page 488
206. Law Establishing the Reich Chamber of Culture (1933)......Page 490
207. Klaus Mann, Open Letter to Gottfried Benn (1933)......Page 491
208. Gottfried Benn, Answer to the Literary Emigrants (1933)......Page 493
209. Lion Feuchtwanger, Open Letter to the Current Occupant of My House in Berlin (Mahler Street 8) (1935)......Page 496
210. Editors’ Law (1933)......Page 498
211. Ernst Bertram, Against Humanism (1935)......Page 500
212. Ricarda Huch, Letter to Max von Schillings, President of the Prussian Academy of the Arts (1933)......Page 501
213. Josef Nadler, Nation, State, and Literature (1937)......Page 502
214. Heinz Kindermann, The New Literary Values (1939)......Page 503
215. Johannes Alt, Foundations and Suppositions of the Scholarly Editing of German-Language Jewish Literature (1937)......Page 505
216. Thomas Mann, Letter to Eduard Korrodi (1936)......Page 506
217. Friedrich Percyval Reck-Malleczewen, Diary of a Man in Despair (1937)......Page 509
218. Werner Bergengruen, A Matter of Conscience (1935)......Page 511
219. Franz Fühmann, Wartime Poems (1942)......Page 512
18. The Visual Arts: German Art vs. Degenerate Art......Page 514
220. Otto Andreas Schreiber, The Continuation of Expressionism (1934)......Page 518
221. Alfred Rosenberg, Revolution in the Visual Arts? (1933)......Page 519
222. Adolf Hitler, Art and Its Commitment to Truth (1934)......Page 520
223. Joseph Goebbels, Ban on Art Criticism (1936)......Page 523
224. Ernst Barlach, Letter to Joseph Goebbels (1936)......Page 524
225. Adolf Hitler, Speech at the Opening of the Great German Art Exhibition (1937)......Page 525
226. Adolf Ziegler, Speech at the Opening of the Degenerate Art Exhibition (1937)......Page 531
227. Reinhard Piper, A Visit to the Degenerate Art Exhibition (1937)......Page 534
228. Robert Scholz, Vital Questions of Visual Art (1937)......Page 536
229. Werner Rittich, Contemporary Architecture and Architectural Sculpture (1938)......Page 537
230. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, The Great German Art Exhibition in Munich, 1940......Page 539
232. Robert Scholz, The Mission of the New German Sculpture: On the Arno Breker Exhibit in Paris (1942)......Page 540
233. Paul Schmitthenner, Tradition and New Design in Architecture (1933)......Page 542
234. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Conversation with Alfred Rosenberg, April 1933......Page 545
235. Adolf Hitler, The Reich Chancellery (1939)......Page 546
236. Hans Kiener, Germanic Tectonics (1937)......Page 548
237. Fritz Todt, The Meaning of the New Building (1937)......Page 549
238. Albert Speer, Redesigning the New Capital of the Reich (1939)......Page 552
239. German Labor Front, Urban Planning: A Political Task (1939)......Page 553
240. Heinrich Himmler, Order for the Destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto (1943)......Page 554
19. Music: The Wagner Cult vs. Degenerate Music......Page 556
241. Richard Strauss, Speech at the Opening of the Reich Music Chamber (1933)......Page 560
242. Richard Strauss, Letter to Adolf Hitler (1935)......Page 561
243. Fritz Stege, Future Tasks of Musicology (1933)......Page 562
244. Wilhelm Furtwängler and Joseph Goebbels, The Case of Wilhelm Furtwängler (1933)......Page 563
245. Siegfried Scheffler, Bayreuth in the Third Reich (1933)......Page 565
246. Manchester Guardian, The Bayreuth Festival: August 15, 1933: “Featuring” Herr Hitler (1933)......Page 567
247. Oskar Loerke, Diary Entry (1933)......Page 568
248. A Protest from Richard Wagner’s City of Munich (1933)......Page 569
249. Thomas Mann, Response to City of Munich Protest (1933)......Page 570
250. Herbert Birtner, On the German Interpretation of Beethoven Since Richard Wagner (1937)......Page 572
251. Curt von Westernhagen, Richard Wagner’s Struggle against Foreign Domination of the Soul (1935)......Page 573
252. Thomas Mann, Letter to the Editor of Common Sense (1940)......Page 574
253. Moser’s Dictionary of Music, Atonal (1943)......Page 578
255. The Hindemith Affair: Exchange between Wilhelm Furtwängler and Joseph Goebbels (1934)......Page 579
256. Wulf Bley, Is It Jazz or Just Radio Dance Tunes? (1934)......Page 582
257. Ilse Deyk, Jazz Is Dead: May the Jazz Band Live! (1942)......Page 584
258. Carl Hannemann, Jazz as a Weapon of Jewry and Americanism (1943)......Page 585
259. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Jazz Music and Youth (1942)......Page 586
20. Cinema: Entertainment and Propaganda......Page 587
260. Joseph Goebbels, Speech at the Kaiserhof (1933)......Page 591
261. Reich Cinema Law (1934)......Page 594
262. Hans Traub, The Cinema as Entertainment Site (1933)......Page 597
263. Carl Neumann, Curt Belling, and Hans Walther Betz, Portrait of the Unmasked Mr. Kohn (1937)......Page 598
264. Curt Belling, Preparatory Work of the Party until the Takeover of Power (1936)......Page 601
265. Curt Belling, The Beginning of National Socialist Film (1936)......Page 602
266. Fritz Hippler, The Formative Power of Film (1942)......Page 603
267. Film-Kurier, We Lucky Kids (1936)......Page 606
268. Film-Kurier, The Latest Greta Garbo Triumph (1935)......Page 607
269. Film-Kurier, This, Too, Is Worldview! (1937)......Page 608
271. Walter Panofsky, What Does the Audience Want to See on the Silver Screen? (1938)......Page 610
272. Winifred Holmes, Hamburg Cinema: A Typical German Program (1939)......Page 613
274. Licht Bild Bühne, Hitler Youth Quex (1933)......Page 615
275. Film-Kurier, Leni Riefenstahl Spoke (1935)......Page 618
276. Film-Kurier, Triumph over the Heart—Triumph of the Will (1935)......Page 619
277. Frank Maraun [Franz Goelz], Olympia (1938)......Page 621
279. Film-Kurier, Jews No Longer Permitted to Attend the Cinema— All Forms of Participation in Representations of German Culture Forbidden! (1938)......Page 624
280. Der Stürmer, Charlie Chaplin: The Jewish Chimp in America (1940)......Page 625
281. Anonymous, The Eternal Jew: Film of a 2,000-Year Rat Migration (1940)......Page 626
282. Film-Kurier, Review of The Eternal Jew (1941)......Page 627
283. Gerhard Starke, Review of Jew Süss (1940)......Page 628
285. Manfred Georg, Charlie Chaplin in The Great Dictator (1940)......Page 630
286. Anonymous, Hollywood Reports: On the Situation of Refugees in Hollywood (1940)......Page 632
21. Politics and Entertainment: Theater, Radio, and Television......Page 634
287. Ludwig Moshamer, The Thingstätte and Its Meaning for the Future of German Theater (1935)......Page 637
288. Richard Euringer, The Passion of Germany 1933: Radio Play in Six Acts (1933)......Page 638
289. Hermann Wanderscheck, The Transformation of the Theater in the Third Reich (1939)......Page 640
290. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, On Performances of Works by [George] Bernard Shaw (1941)......Page 642
291. Joseph Goebbels, Radio as the Eighth Great Power (1933)......Page 643
292. Franz Hartung, Radio and Politics (1933)......Page 647
293. Ferdinand Eckhardt, No More Stars! (1933)......Page 649
294. Lisa Peck, Women and Radio: The Numbers (1934)......Page 651
295. A. Wulff, 500 Schoolchildren in Berlin Tell about Radio (1934)......Page 653
296. Heinz Goedecke and Wilhelm Krug, Solders of the German Army, Lend Us Your Ears! (1941)......Page 654
297. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Armed Forces Radio Request Program Well Received (1940)......Page 655
 298. Heinrich Himmler, Illegal Broadcasts for England: Memo to Ernst Kaltenbrunner (1943)......Page 656
300. Film-Kurier, First Television Broadcast Launched (1935)......Page 657
22. Jewish Culture under Nazi Persecution: The Jewish Cultural League......Page 660
301. Kurt Singer, Let’s Get Started! (1933)......Page 663
302. Kurt Singer, Speech at the Opening of the Cultural Conference of the Reich Organization of Jewish Cultural Leagues in Germany (1936)......Page 664
303. Hans Hinkel, The Policy of Purging Jews from the Theater (1936)......Page 665
304. Robert Weltsch, Wear the Yellow Badge with Pride! (1933)......Page 667
305. C.-V. Zeitung, The Reich Representative Council of German Jews in Germany after the Nuremberg Laws (1935)......Page 669
306. Kongress-Korrespondenz, Interview with Hans Hinkel: Must the Jews in Germany Starve? (1935)......Page 670
307. Philo-Lexikon: Handbook of Jewish Knowledge, Encyclopedia Entries: Emigration, Distinctions, Emancipation, Military Service (1937)......Page 673
308. Culture Department of the Vilna Ghetto Judenrat, Cultural Activities in the Vilna Ghetto (1942)......Page 675
PART EIGHT. WORK, INDUSTRY, MODERNITY......Page 678
23. Industry and Labor: The Four-Year-Plan, Beauty of Labor, and Strength through Joy......Page 680
309. Adolf Hitler, Secret Memorandum on the Four-Year Plan (1936)......Page 682
310. Karl Arnhold, Senseless Work Is Un-German (1936)......Page 688
311. Sopade, On Recruiting Workers through Compulsory Membership and Social Bribery (1935)......Page 689
312. Karl Kretschmer, On the Tasks of the Beauty of Labor Program (1934)......Page 690
313. Wilhelm Lotz, Reconstruction Work in German Factories (1936)......Page 693
314. Emil Rudolf Mewes, Thoughts on Architecture in Industrial Construction (1938)......Page 695
315. Robert Ley, On the Anniversary of the Establishment of Strength through Joy (1934)......Page 696
317. Gertrud Meyer, Around Italy: The Great Travel Experience (1939)......Page 697
318. Sopade, On “Strength through Joy” (1938, 1939)......Page 699
24. Modernizing Germany: The Autobahn and Americanism......Page 700
319. Wilfrid Bade, The Führer and the Automobile (1938)......Page 703
321. Fritz Todt, Nordic Man and Transportation (1937)......Page 704
322. Friedrich Tamms, The Reichsautobahn as All-Encompassing Architectural Marvel (1937)......Page 706
323. Anonymous, Five Years of Strength through Joy (1938)......Page 708
324. Fritz Todt, Foreword to Adolf Hitler’s Roads and Buildings (1939)......Page 710
325. Eugen Diesel, Is Modern Technology National? (1934)......Page 711
326. Jakob Korn, The War Experience and Renewal of Science (1940)......Page 713
327. Hansjürgen Weidlich, Felix versus USA: A German Takes on America (1934)......Page 714
328. Dr. J. F. E. Raschen, Germany—As Seen by Americans (1935)......Page 715
329. Das Schwarze Korps, Jerry Siegel Attacks! Superman the Jew (1940)......Page 716
330. Das Schwarze Korps, The Danger of Americanism (1944)......Page 717
331. Giselher Wirsing, Unbounded Continent: Roosevelt’s Struggle for World Domination (1942)......Page 720
PART NINE. BODY CULTURE, SPORTS, PUBLIC AMUSEMENTS......Page 724
25. The 1936 Olympics and the World of Sports......Page 726
332. Max Ostrop, Olympic Games: German Style (1935)......Page 728
334. Harry Hirsch, The Playing Fields of Nazi Germany (1934)......Page 729
335. Committee on Fair Play in Sports, Preserve the Olympic Ideal (1935)......Page 731
337. Völkischer Beobachter, Schmeling’s Knockout Victory over Louis: And the Match Goes to the Opponent (1936)......Page 735
338. Das Schwarze Korps, Jewish Victor in the German College Championships (1935)......Page 736
339. Count Wolf Baudissin, Sports in the Army (1937)......Page 737
341. Dr. A. Mallwitz, Sports Hygiene, (1936)......Page 738
342. Geist und Schönheit, Rejuvenating Life, Enthusiasm for Life, Rejuvenating the Volk (1936)......Page 739
26. “Amusmang”: Laughter in the Third Reich......Page 741
343. Das Schwarze Korps, What Will Santa Bring? (1935)......Page 743
346. Das Schwarze Korps, We’re Not So! (1936)......Page 745
347. Das Schwarze Korps, Fool’s License for Artists (1939)......Page 746
348. American Committee for Anti-Nazi Literature, Coffee Shortage Announced (1939)......Page 747
349. Illustrierte Beobachter, Swastika Crossword Puzzle (1934)......Page 748
PART TEN. WAR, CONQUEST, AND THE ANNIHILATION OF THE JEWS......Page 750
27. The Holocaust Begins: Violence, Deportation, and Ghettoization, 1939–1942......Page 752
350. Adolf Hitler, Speech to the Great German Reichstag (1939)......Page 754
351. Julius Streicher, Bolshevism and Synagogue (1941)......Page 755
352. Four Decrees Issued in Occupied Poland, 1939–1941......Page 756
353. Der Stürmer, The Eternal Shame: Black France Enlists Negroes as Cannon Fodder for the Eternal Jew (1940)......Page 758
354. Alfred Rosenberg, The Jewish Question as World Problem (1941)......Page 759
355. Victor Klemperer, Reading Rosenberg’s Myth in 1942 (1942)......Page 763
356. Heinrich Himmler, Some Thoughts on the Treatment of Racial Aliens in the East (1940)......Page 764
357. Persecution of the Sinti and Roma: Three Decrees (1938, 1939)......Page 766
358. Johannes Blaskowitz, The Military and the Slaughter of the Jews (1940)......Page 767
359. Joseph Goebbels, The Jews Are Guilty! (1941)......Page 768
361. Field Marshal Walter von Reichenau, Orders for Conduct in the East: Crushing the Jewish-Bolshevist System (1941)......Page 771
362. Karl Baumböck, Jews Practice World Politics (1942)......Page 773
28. The Annihilation of European Jewry, 1942–1945......Page 776
363. Reinhard Heydrich, Policy and Operations Concerning Jews in the Occupied Territories (1939)......Page 780
364. Wannsee Protocol (1942)......Page 783
365. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Battle against the Jews (1942)......Page 789
366. Reich Leader SS/SS Main Office, The Jew (1943)......Page 790
367. Hillel Zeitlin and Dr. Israel Milejkowski, Evaluating the Ghetto: Interview in Warsaw, 1941......Page 791
368. Warsaw Diary of Adam Czerniaków (1940, 1942)......Page 795
369. Stefan Ernest, Warsaw Ghetto Diary (1942)......Page 796
370. [Abba Kovner and Others], A Summons to Resistance, Vilna Ghetto (1942)......Page 798
371. Hans Frank, Diary Entry (1943)......Page 800
372. Walter Gross, Racial Political Prerequisites for the Solution of the Jewish Problem (1943)......Page 801
373. Józef Zelkowicz, Diary of the Łódz Ghetto (1942)......Page 802
374. Dawid Sierakowiak, Notebooks from the Łódz Ghetto (1942)......Page 806
375. Stanislaw Sznapman, Warsaw Ghetto Diary (1943)......Page 807
376. Stefania Staszewska, Warsaw Ghetto Diary (1944)......Page 809
377. General Jürgen Stroop, Report on the Destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto (1943)......Page 810
378. Heinrich Himmler, Speech at Posen (1943)......Page 816
388. Guidelines for the Treatment of Political Commissars (1941)......Page 822
380. Oswald Pohl, Expanding Auschwitz (1942)......Page 826
381. Alfred Wetzler and Rudolf Vrba, Auschwitz Protocols (1944)......Page 828
382. Zalmen Gradowski, The Czech Transport: A Chronicle of the Auschwitz Sonderkommando (1944)......Page 834
29. Total War: 1939–1945......Page 846
383. Theodor Schieder, Notes on Settlement and Population Surveys in the Reclaimed Eastern Provinces (1939)......Page 849
384. Major General Hellmuth Stieff, Letter from Poland (1939)......Page 850
385. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Bilingualism as Means and Expression of German Superiority in the East (1940)......Page 851
387. Der Stürmer, Africa in Paris (1940)......Page 852
389. Martin Bormann, To Alfred Rosenberg: On the Treatment of Non-German Populations in the Eastern Territories (1942)......Page 854
390. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Rumors and Murmurings (1942)......Page 855
391. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, The Image of Russia in the Populace (1942)......Page 856
392. Hermann Ernst Grobig, Why Racial Hygiene in Wartime? (1944)......Page 857
393. Joseph Goebbels, Now, People, Rise Up and Let the Storm Winds Blow! (1943)......Page 859
394. Thomas Mann, Response to Joseph Goebbels (1943)......Page 862
395. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Reactions to Goebbels’s Speech (1943)......Page 863
396. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Reactions to the Katyn Forest Massacre (1943)......Page 864
397. Martin Bormann, Safeguarding the Future of the German People (1944)......Page 865
PART ELEVEN. RESISTANCE......Page 870
30. Communists, Socialists, Youth, and the Conservative Resistance......Page 872
398. The Brown Book, The Road to Power (1933)......Page 875
399. The Bloody Thirtieth of June in Germany (1934)......Page 879
400. Miles [Walter Löwenheim], Socialism’s New Beginning (1934)......Page 881
401. Wilhelm Reich, The Mass Psychology of Fascism (1933)......Page 882
402. Willi Münzenberg, Propaganda as a Weapon (1937)......Page 883
403. Hans Scholl, Willi Graf, and Christoph Probst, The White Rose: Second Leaflet (1942)......Page 886
404. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Reports on the Program to Combat Criminal Subversion (1943)......Page 888
405. Secret Report of the Security Service of the Reichsführer SS, Reactions to the Weekly Newsreel for 27 February–5 March 1943......Page 890
406. Heinrich Himmler, Decree on Youth Gangs (1944)......Page 891
407. Ludwig Beck, Beck’s Response to Hitler’s Arguments on 5 November 1937 (1939)......Page 893
408. Ulrich von Hassell, Diary Entry (1941)......Page 894
409. Helmuth James von Moltke, Principles for the New Order (the Kreisau Circle) (1943)......Page 896
410. Carl Friedrich Goerdeler, (Prepared) Radio Address (1944)......Page 897
PART TWELVE. DEFEAT......Page 900
 31. Hitler’s Last Will and Testament......Page 902
411. Adolf Hitler, Political Testament (1945)......Page 903
Bibliography of English-Language Works......Page 906
Credits......Page 918
Index......Page 926