The Sociology Book

INTRODUCTION
FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIOLOGY
	A physical defeat has never marked the end of a nation • Ibn Khaldun
	Mankind have always wandered or settled, agreed or quarreled, in troops and companies • Adam Ferguson
	Science can be used to build a better world • Auguste Comte
	The Declaration of Independence bears no relation to half the human race • Harriet Martineau
	The fall of the bourgeoisie and the victory of the proletariat are equally inevitable • Karl Marx
	Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft • Ferdinand Tönnies
	Society, like the human body, has interrelated parts, needs, and functions • Émile Durkheim
	The iron cage of rationality • Max Weber
	Many personal troubles must be understood in terms of public issues • Charles Wright Mills
	Pay to the most commonplace activities the attention accorded extraordinary events • Harold Garfinkel
	Where there is power there is resistance • Michel Foucault
	Gender is a kind of imitation for which there is no original • Judith Butler
SOCIAL INEQUALITIES
	I broadly accuse the bourgeoisie of social murder • Friedrich Engels
	The problem of the 20th century is the problem of the color line • W.E.B. Du Bois
	The poor are excluded from the ordinary living patterns, customs, and activities of life • Peter Townsend
	There ain’t no black in the Union Jack • Paul Gilroy
	A sense of one’s place • Pierre Bourdieu
	The Orient is the stage on which the whole East is confined • Edward Said
	The ghetto is where the black people live • Elijah Anderson
	The tools of freedom become the sources of indignity • Richard Sennett
	Men’s interest in patriarchy is condensed in hegemonic masculinity • R.W. Connell
	White women have been complicit in this imperialist, white-supremacist capitalist patriarchy • bell hooks
	The concept of “patriarchy” is indispensable for an analysis of gender inequality • Sylvia Walby
MODERN LIVING
	Strangers are not really conceived as individuals, but as strangers of a particular type • Georg Simmel
	The freedom to remake our cities and ourselves • Henri Lefebvre
	There must be eyes on the street • Jane Jacobs
	Only communication can communicate • Niklas Luhmann
	Society should articulate what is good • Amitai Etzioni
	McDonaldization affects virtually every aspect of society • George Ritzer
	The bonds of our communities have withered • Robert D. Putnam
	Disneyization replaces mundane blandness with spectacular experiences • Alan Bryman
	Living in a loft is like living in a showcase • Sharon Zukin
LIVING IN A GLOBAL WORLD
	Abandon all hope of totality, you who enter the world of fluid modernity • Zygmunt Bauman
	The modern world-system • Immanuel Wallerstein
	Global issues, local perspectives • Roland Robertson
	Climate change is a back-of-the-mind issue • Anthony Giddens
	No social justice without global cognitive justice • Boaventura de Sousa Santos
	The unleashing of productive capacity by the power of the mind • Manuel Castells
	We are living in a world that is beyond controllability • Ulrich Beck
	It sometimes seems as if the whole world is on the move • John Urry
	Nations can be imagined and constructed with relatively little historical straw • David McCrone
	Global cities are strategic sites for new types of operations • Saskia Sassen
	Different societies appropriate the materials of modernity differently • Arjun Appadurai
	Processes of change have altered the relations between peoples and communities • David Held
CULTURE AND IDENTITY
	The “I” and the “me” • G.H. Mead
	The challenge of modernity is to live without illusions and without becoming disillusioned • Antonio Gramsci
	The civilizing process is constantly moving “forward” • Norbert Elias
	Mass culture reinforces political repression • Herbert Marcuse
	The danger of the future is that men may become robots • Erich Fromm
	Culture is ordinary • Raymond Williams
	Stigma refers to an attribute that is deeply discrediting • Erving Goffman
	We live in a world where there is more and more information, and less and less meaning • Jean Baudrillard
	Modern identities are being decentered • Stuart Hall
	All communities are imagined • Benedict Anderson
	Throughout the world, culture has been doggedly pushing itself center stage • Jeffrey Alexander
WORK AND CONSUMERISM
	Conspicuous consumption of valuable goods is a means of reputability to the gentleman of leisure • Thorstein Veblen
	The Puritan wanted to work in a calling; we are forced to do so • Max Weber
	Technology, like art, is a soaring exercise of the human imagination • Daniel Bell
	The more sophisticated machines become, the less skill the worker has • Harry Braverman
	Automation increases the worker’s control over his work process • Robert Blauner
	The Romantic ethic promotes the spirit of consumerism • Colin Campbell
	In processing people, the product is a state of mind • Arlie Russell Hochschild
	Spontaneous consent combines with coercion • Michael Burawoy
	Things make us just as much as we make things • Daniel Miller
	Feminization has had only a modest impact on reducing gender inequalities • Teri Lynn Caraway
THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS
	Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature • Karl Marx
	The iron law of oligarchy • Robert Michels
	Healthy people need no bureaucracy to mate, give birth, and die • Ivan Illich
	Some commit crimes because they are responding to a social situation • Robert K. Merton
	Total institutions strip people of their support systems and their sense of self • Erving Goffman
	Government is the right disposition of things • Michel Foucault
	Religion has lost its plausibility and social significance • Bryan Wilson
	Our identity and behavior are determined by how we are described and classified • Howard S. Becker
	Economic crisis is immediately transformed into social crisis • Jürgen Habermas
	Schooling has been at once something done to the poor and for the poor • Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis
	Societies are subject, every now and then, to periods of moral panic • Stanley Cohen
	The time of the tribes • Michel Maffesoli
	How working-class kids get working-class jobs • Paul Willis
FAMILIES AND INTIMACIES
	Differences between the sexes are cultural creations • Margaret Mead
	Families are factories that produce human personalities • Talcott Parsons
	Western man has become a confessing animal • Michel Foucault
	Heterosexuality must be recognized and studied as an institution • Adrienne Rich
	Western family arrangements are diverse, fluid, and unresolved • Judith Stacey
	The marriage contract is a work contract • Christine Delphy
	Housework is directly opposed to self-actualization • Ann Oakley
	When love finally wins it has to face all kinds of defeat • Ulrich Beck and Elisabeth Beck-Gernsheim
	Sexuality is as much about beliefs and ideologies as about the physical body • Jeffrey Weeks
	Queer theory questions the very grounds of identity • Steven Seidman
DIRECTORY
GLOSSARY
CONTRIBUTORS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
COPYRIGHT