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دانلود کتاب The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology
دانلود کتاب تکینگی نزدیک است: وقتی انسان ها از زیست شناسی فراتر می روند
مشخصات کتاب
The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology
ویرایش:
نویسندگان: Kurzweil. Ray
سری:
ISBN (شابک) : 0670033847, 9780670033843
ناشر: Penguin
سال نشر: 2006;2005
تعداد صفحات: 0
زبان: English
فرمت فایل : MOBI (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود)
حجم فایل: 3 مگابایت
قیمت کتاب (تومان) : 43,000
کلمات کلیدی مربوط به کتاب تکینگی نزدیک است: وقتی انسان ها از زیست شناسی فراتر می روند: هوش مصنوعی، تکامل بیولوژیکی، مغز-- تکامل، توسعه انسان، ژنتیک، ژنتیک، انسان-- تکامل، تکامل انسان، فناوری نانو، فناوری نانو، فناوری نانو، شبکه‌های عصبی، کامپیوتر، روانشناسی--روانشناسی شناختی، روبات‌شناسی --علوم شناختی، مغز -- تکامل، روانشناسی -- روانشناسی شناختی، علم -- علوم شناختی، رشد انسانی، ژنتیک، انسان -- تکامل
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توجه داشته باشید کتاب تکینگی نزدیک است: وقتی انسان ها از زیست شناسی فراتر می روند نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
توضیحاتی درمورد کتاب به خارجی
Prologue. The power of ideas -- The six epochs. The intuitive linear view versus the historical exponential view ; The six epochs (Epoch one: Physics and chemistry ; Epoch two: Biology and DNA ; Epoch three: Brains ; Epoch four: Technology ; Epoch five: The merger of human technology with human intelligence ; Epoch six: The universe wakes up) ; The singularity is near -- A theory of technology evolution : the law of accelerating returns. The nature of order ; The life cycle of a paradigm ; Fractal designs ; Farsighted evolution ; The S-curve of a technology as expressed in its life cycle (The life cycle of a technology ; From goat skins to downloads) ; Moore's law and beyond (Moore's law : self-fulfilling prophecy? ; The fifth paradigm ; Fractal dimensions and the brain) ; DNA sequencing, memory, communications, the Internet, and miniaturization (Information, order, and evolution : the insights from Wolfram and Fredkin's cellular automata ; Can we evolve artificial intelligence from simple rules?) ; The singularity as economic imperative (Get eighty trillion dollars, limited time only ; Deflation ... a bad thing?) -- Achieving the computational capacity of the human brain. The sixth paradigm of computing technology : three dimensional ; Molecular computing and emerging computational technologies (The bridge to 3-D molecular computing ; Nanotubes are still the best bet ; Computing with molecules ; Self-assembly ; Emulating biology ; Computing with DNA ; Computing with spin ; Computing with light ; Quantum computing) ; The computational capacity of the human brain (Accelerating the availability of human-level personal computing ; Human memory capacity) ; The limits of computation (Reversible computing ; How smart is a rock? ; The limits of nanocomputing ; Setting a date for the singularity ; Memory and computational efficiency : a rock versus a human brain ; Going beyond the ultimate : pico- and femtotechnology and bending the speed of light ; Going back in time) -- Achieving the software of human intelligence : how to reverse engineer the human brain. Reverse engineering the brain : an overview of the task (New brain-imaging and modeling tools ; The software of the brain ; Analytic versus neuromorphic modeling of the brain ; How complex is the brain? ; Modeling the brain ; Peeling the onion) ; Is the human brain different from a computer? (The brain's circuits are very slow ; But it's massively parallel ; The brain combines analog and digital phenomena ; The brain rewires itself ; Most of the details in the brain are random ; The brain uses emergent properties ; The brain is imperfect ; We contradict ourselves ; The brain uses evolution ; The patterns are important ; The brain is holographic ; The brain is deeply connected ; The brain does have an architecture of regions ; The design of a brain region is simpler than the design of a neuron ; Trying to understand our own thinking : the accelerating pace of research) ; Peering into the brain (New tools for scanning the brain ; Improving resolution ; Scanning using nanobots) ; Building models of the brain (Subneural models : synapses and spines ; Neuron models ; Electronic neurons ; Brain plasticity ; Modeling regions of the brain ; A neuromorphic model : the cerebellum ; Another example : Watts's model of the auditory regions ; The visual system ; Other works in progress : an artificial hippocampus and an artificial olivocerebellar region ; Understanding higher-level functions : imitation, prediction, and emotion) ; Interfacing the brain and machines ; The accelerating pace of reverse engineering the brain (The scalability of human intelligence) ; Uploading the human brain).;The deeply intertwined promise and peril of GNR : intertwined benefits ... and dangers. A panoply of existential risks (The precautionary principle ; The smaller the interaction, the larger the explosive potential ; Our simulation is turned off ; Crashing the party ; GNR : the proper focus of promise versus peril ; The inevitability of a transformed future ; Totalitarian relinquishment) ; Preparing the defenses (Strong AI ; Returning to the past?) ; The idea of relinquishment (Broad relinquishment ; Fine-grained relinquishment ; Dealing with abuse ; The threat from fundamentalism ; Fundamentalist humanism) ; Development of defensive technologies and the impact of regulation (Protection from "unfriendly" strong AI ; Decentralization ; Distributed energy ; Civil liberties in an age of asymmetric warfare) ; A program for GNR defense -- Response to critics. A panoply of criticisms ; The criticism from incredulity ; The criticism from Malthus (Exponential trends don't last forever ; A virtually unlimited limit) ; The criticism from software (Software stability ; Software responsiveness ; Software price-performance ; Software development productivity ; Software complexity ; Accelerating algorithms ; The ultimate source of intelligent algorithms) ; The criticism from analog processing ; The criticism from the complexity of neural processing (Brain complexity ; A computer's inherent dualism ; Levels and loops) ; The criticism from microtubules and quantum computing ; The criticism from the Church-Turing thesis ; The criticism from failure rates ; The criticism from "lock-in" ; The criticism from ontology : can a computer be conscious? (Kurzweil's Chinese room) ; The criticism from the rich-poor divide ; The criticism from the likelihood of government regulation (The unbearable slowness of social institutions) ; The criticism from theism ; The criticism from holism -- Epilogue. How singular? ; Human centrality -- Resources and contact information -- Appendix: The law of accelerating returns revisited.;GNR : three overlapping revolutions. Genetics : the intersection of information and biology (Life's computer ; Designer baby boomers ; Can we really live forever? ; RNAi [RNA interference] ; Cell therapies ; Gene chips ; Somatic gene therapy ; Reversing degenerative disease ; Combating heart disease ; Overcoming cancer ; Reversing aging ; DNA mutations ; Toxic cells ; Mitochondrial mutations ; Intracellular aggregates ; Extracellular aggregates ; Cell loss and atrophy ; Human cloning : the least interesting application of cloning technology ; Why is cloning important? ; Preserving endangered species and restoring extinct ones ; Therapeutic cloning ; Human somatic-cell engineering ; Solving world hunger ; Human cloning revisited) ; Nanotechnology : the intersection of information and the physical world (The biological assembler ; Upgrading the cell nucleus with a nanocomputer and nanobot ; Fat and sticky fingers ; The debate heats up ; Early adopters ; Powering the singularity ; Applications of nanotechnology to the environment ; Nanobots in the bloodstream) ; Robotics : strong AI (Runaway AI ; The AI winter ; AI's toolkit ; Expert systems ; Bayesian nets ; Markov models ; Neural nets ; Genetic algorithms [GAs] ; Recursive search ; Deep Fritz draws : are humans getting smarter, or are computers getting stupider? ; The specialized-hardware advantage ; Deep Blue versus Deep Fritz ; Significant software gains ; Are human chess players doomed? ; Combining methods ; A narrow AI sampler ; Military and intelligence ; Space exploration ; Medicine ; Science and math ; Business, finance, and manufacturing ; Manufacturing and robotics ; Speech and language ; Entertainment and sports ; Strong AI) -- The impact : a panoply of impacts (... on the human body (A new way of eating ; Redesigning the digestive system ; Programmable blood ; Have a heart, or not ; So what's left? ; Redesigning the human brain ; We are becoming cyborgs ; Human body version 3.0) ; ... on the human brain (The 2010 scenario ; The 2030 scenario ; Become someone else ; Experience beamers ; Expand your mind) ; ... on human longevity (The transformation to nonbiological experiences ; The longevity of information) ; ... on warfare : the remote, robotic, robust, size-reduced, virtual-reality paradigm (Smart dust ; Nanoweapons ; Smart weapons ; VR) ; ... on learning ; ... on work (Intellectual property ; Decentralization) ; ... on play ; ... on the intelligent destiny of the cosmos : why we are probably alone in the universe (The Drake equation ; The limits of computation revisited ; Bigger or smaller ; Expanding beyond the solar system ; The speed of light revisited ; Wormholes ; Changing the speed of light ; The Fermi paradox revisited ; The anthropic principle revisited ; The multiverse ; Evolving universes ; Intelligence as the destiny of the universe ; The ultimate utility function ; Hawking radiation ; Why intelligence is more powerful than physics ; A universe-scale computer ; The holographic universe) -- Ich bin ein singularitarian : Still human? (The vexing question of consciousness ; Who am I? : what am I? ; The singularity as transcendence).;For over three decades, Ray Kurzweil has been one of the most respected and provocative advocates of the role of technology in our future. In his classic The Age of Spiritual Machines, he argued that computers would soon rival the full range of human intelligence at its best. Now he examines the next step in this inexorable evolutionary process: the union of human and machine, in which the knowledge and skills embedded in our brains will be combined with the vastly greater capacity, speed, and knowledge-sharing ability of our creations.--Publisher description.
فهرست مطالب
Prologue. The power of ideas --
The six epochs. The intuitive linear view versus the historical exponential view
The six epochs (Epoch one: Physics and chemistry
Epoch two: Biology and DNA
Epoch three: Brains
Epoch four: Technology
Epoch five: The merger of human technology with human intelligence
Epoch six: The universe wakes up)
The singularity is near --
A theory of technology evolution : the law of accelerating returns. The nature of order
The life cycle of a paradigm
Fractal designs
Farsighted evolution
The S-curve of a technology as expressed in its life cycle (The life cycle of a technology
From goat skins to downloads)
Moore\'s law and beyond (Moore\'s law : self-fulfilling prophecy?
The fifth paradigm
Fractal dimensions and the brain)
DNA sequencing, memory, communications, the Internet, and miniaturization (Information, order, and evolution : the insights from Wolfram and Fredkin\'s cellular automata
Can we evolve artificial intelligence from simple rules?)
The singularity as economic imperative (Get eighty trillion dollars, limited time only
Deflation ... a bad thing?) --
Achieving the computational capacity of the human brain. The sixth paradigm of computing technology : three dimensional
Molecular computing and emerging computational technologies (The bridge to 3-D molecular computing
Nanotubes are still the best bet
Computing with molecules
Self-assembly
Emulating biology
Computing with DNA
Computing with spin
Computing with light
Quantum computing)
The computational capacity of the human brain (Accelerating the availability of human-level personal computing
Human memory capacity)
The limits of computation (Reversible computing
How smart is a rock?
The limits of nanocomputing
Setting a date for the singularity
Memory and computational efficiency : a rock versus a human brain
Going beyond the ultimate : pico- and femtotechnology and bending the speed of light
Going back in time) --
Achieving the software of human intelligence : how to reverse engineer the human brain. Reverse engineering the brain : an overview of the task (New brain-imaging and modeling tools
The software of the brain
Analytic versus neuromorphic modeling of the brain
How complex is the brain?
Modeling the brain
Peeling the onion)
Is the human brain different from a computer? (The brain\'s circuits are very slow
But it\'s massively parallel
The brain combines analog and digital phenomena
The brain rewires itself
Most of the details in the brain are random
The brain uses emergent properties
The brain is imperfect
We contradict ourselves
The brain uses evolution
The patterns are important
The brain is holographic
The brain is deeply connected
The brain does have an architecture of regions
The design of a brain region is simpler than the design of a neuron
Trying to understand our own thinking : the accelerating pace of research)
Peering into the brain (New tools for scanning the brain
Improving resolution
Scanning using nanobots)
Building models of the brain (Subneural models : synapses and spines
Neuron models
Electronic neurons
Brain plasticity
Modeling regions of the brain
A neuromorphic model : the cerebellum
Another example : Watts\'s model of the auditory regions
The visual system
Other works in progress : an artificial hippocampus and an artificial olivocerebellar region
Understanding higher-level functions : imitation, prediction, and emotion)
Interfacing the brain and machines
The accelerating pace of reverse engineering the brain (The scalability of human intelligence)
Uploading the human brain). GNR : three overlapping revolutions. Genetics : the intersection of information and biology (Life\'s computer
Designer baby boomers
Can we really live forever?
RNAi [RNA interference]
Cell therapies
Gene chips
Somatic gene therapy
Reversing degenerative disease
Combating heart disease
Overcoming cancer
Reversing aging
DNA mutations
Toxic cells
Mitochondrial mutations
Intracellular aggregates
Extracellular aggregates
Cell loss and atrophy
Human cloning : the least interesting application of cloning technology
Why is cloning important?
Preserving endangered species and restoring extinct ones
Therapeutic cloning
Human somatic-cell engineering
Solving world hunger
Human cloning revisited)
Nanotechnology : the intersection of information and the physical world (The biological assembler
Upgrading the cell nucleus with a nanocomputer and nanobot
Fat and sticky fingers
The debate heats up
Early adopters
Powering the singularity
Applications of nanotechnology to the environment
Nanobots in the bloodstream)
Robotics : strong AI (Runaway AI
The AI winter
AI\'s toolkit
Expert systems
Bayesian nets
Markov models
Neural nets
Genetic algorithms [GAs]
Recursive search
Deep Fritz draws : are humans getting smarter, or are computers getting stupider?
The specialized-hardware advantage
Deep Blue versus Deep Fritz
Significant software gains
Are human chess players doomed?
Combining methods
A narrow AI sampler
Military and intelligence
Space exploration
Medicine
Science and math
Business, finance, and manufacturing
Manufacturing and robotics
Speech and language
Entertainment and sports
Strong AI) --
The impact : a panoply of impacts (... on the human body (A new way of eating
Redesigning the digestive system
Programmable blood
Have a heart, or not
So what\'s left?
Redesigning the human brain
We are becoming cyborgs
Human body version 3.0)
... on the human brain (The 2010 scenario
The 2030 scenario
Become someone else
Experience beamers
Expand your mind)
... on human longevity (The transformation to nonbiological experiences
The longevity of information)
... on warfare : the remote, robotic, robust, size-reduced, virtual-reality paradigm (Smart dust
Nanoweapons
Smart weapons
VR)
... on learning
... on work (Intellectual property
Decentralization)
... on play
... on the intelligent destiny of the cosmos : why we are probably alone in the universe (The Drake equation
The limits of computation revisited
Bigger or smaller
Expanding beyond the solar system
The speed of light revisited
Wormholes
Changing the speed of light
The Fermi paradox revisited
The anthropic principle revisited
The multiverse
Evolving universes
Intelligence as the destiny of the universe
The ultimate utility function
Hawking radiation
Why intelligence is more powerful than physics
A universe-scale computer
The holographic universe) --
Ich bin ein singularitarian : Still human? (The vexing question of consciousness
Who am I? : what am I?
The singularity as transcendence). The deeply intertwined promise and peril of GNR : intertwined benefits ... and dangers. A panoply of existential risks (The precautionary principle
The smaller the interaction, the larger the explosive potential
Our simulation is turned off
Crashing the party
GNR : the proper focus of promise versus peril
The inevitability of a transformed future
Totalitarian relinquishment)
Preparing the defenses (Strong AI
Returning to the past?)
The idea of relinquishment (Broad relinquishment
Fine-grained relinquishment
Dealing with abuse
The threat from fundamentalism
Fundamentalist humanism)
Development of defensive technologies and the impact of regulation (Protection from \"unfriendly\" strong AI
Decentralization
Distributed energy
Civil liberties in an age of asymmetric warfare)
A program for GNR defense --
Response to critics. A panoply of criticisms
The criticism from incredulity
The criticism from Malthus (Exponential trends don\'t last forever
A virtually unlimited limit)
The criticism from software (Software stability
Software responsiveness
Software price-performance
Software development productivity
Software complexity
Accelerating algorithms
The ultimate source of intelligent algorithms)
The criticism from analog processing
The criticism from the complexity of neural processing (Brain complexity
A computer\'s inherent dualism
Levels and loops)
The criticism from microtubules and quantum computing
The criticism from the Church-Turing thesis
The criticism from failure rates
The criticism from \"lock-in\"
The criticism from ontology : can a computer be conscious? (Kurzweil\'s Chinese room)
The criticism from the rich-poor divide
The criticism from the likelihood of government regulation (The unbearable slowness of social institutions)
The criticism from theism
The criticism from holism --
Epilogue. How singular?
Human centrality --
Resources and contact information --
Appendix: The law of accelerating returns revisited.
