The Shrine of Eileithyia, Minoan Goddess of Childbirth and Motherhood, at the Inatos Cave in Southern Crete: Volume I: The Egyptian-Type Artifacts

Figure 1. Map of Crete with sites mentioned in the text. Drawing K. Chalikias.
Figure 2. Map of South-Central Crete. Drawing K. Chalikias
Figure 3. Map of the Inatos region. Drawing K. Chalikias.
Figure 4. Athenian black-figure vase painting depicting the birth of Athena with Eileithyia standing behind the enthroned Zeus, 570–550 b.c. Berlin, Antikenmuseen F1704. After Kanta and Davaras 2011, eds., 23, fig. 13.
Figure 5. Clay figurine of a pregnant woman from Inatos, Protogeometric to Geometric period, HM P13301. Scale 1:3. Drawing D. Faulmann.
Figure 6. Clay pair of figurines within a bowl, from Inatos. A pregnant seated woman is supported at the back by a second female figure, either a midwife or the Goddess Eileithyia, from Inatos. Protogeometric to Geometric period. HM P18682, HM P18687. Sca
Figure 7. Clay embracing male and female figurines inside a kalathos, from Inatos. Protogeometric to Geometric period. HM unnumbered. Scale 1:3. Drawing D. Faulmann. See also Kanta, Davaras, and Betancourt, eds., 2021, 94, no. INA 100.
Figure 8. Clay Goddess with Upraised Arms within a bowl, missing all but the scar from the base of a second figure, from Inatos. Protogeometric to Geometric period. HM unnumbered. Scale 1:3. Drawing D. Faulmann. See also Kanta, Davaras, and Betancourt, ed
Figure 9. Moldmade Roman lamp, with the image of a centaur throwing a stone on the discus, from Inatos. Early second century a.d. HM unnumbered. Scale 1:3. Drawing D. Faulmann. See also Kanta, Davaras, and Betancourt, eds., 2021, 76, no. INA 80.
Figure 10. Detailed rendering of a “Sacred scarab” (Scarabaeus sacer L.) showing its parts with the terminology used in the catalog (terms designated with * are not used), after Keel 1995, 20, fig. 1, with addition of the scutellum (17). (1) head; (2) eye
Figure 11. Faience figurine of the lower part of an enthroned figure over enemies (11). Length 3.59 cm. Drawing C. Herrmann.
Figure 12. Steatite scarab (41). Drawing B. Reichenpfader, after the museum photograph of the object (HM Y391).
Figure 13. Steatite scarab (45). Drawing B. Reichenpfader, after Phillips 2008, II, 364, no. 513.
Figure 14. Steatite scarab (47). Drawing B. Reichenpfader, after Phillips 2008, II, 364, no. 512.
Figure 15. Faience scarab (52). Drawing B. Reichenpfader.
	Table 1. Statuettes and amulets, which are not seals.
	Table 2. Scarabs and one round seal.
	Table 3. Spindle whorl, vessel fragments, and fish aryballos.
Plate 1A. The beach at Tsoutsouros (ancient Inatos), looking west in 2017. Photo P. Betancourt.
Plate 1b. The cliff near the beach at Tsoutsouros, looking north in 2017. The entrance to the cave is to the left of Mary Betancourt. Photo P. Betancourt.
Plate 2A.  Steps cut in the bedrock at the entrance to the cave at Inatos, looking south in 2017. Photo P. Betancourt.
Plate 2b. The interior of the cave at Inatos in 1962, looking east, showing the ladders in place to enter the room from the entrance. After Kanta and Davaras, eds., 2011, 18, fig. 9.
Plate 2C. Iron bars cover the opening to the shrine at Inatos, looking north in 2017. Photo P. Betancourt.
Plate 3A. Bronze female figurine looted from Inatos. Formerly collection of George Ortiz. The figure wears a flounced skirt and a jacket with open front. LM IB. After Kanta and Davaras, eds., 2011, 90, fig. 93.
Plate 3C. Platform at northern side of the Inatos Cave in 1962, before excavation. Water from the underground spring is visible at upper right. After Kanta and Davaras, eds., 2011, 20, fig. 11.
Plate 3D. Silver earring of female face with an elaborate headdress depicting heraldic griffins, from Inatos. Late fourth century B.C. HM CHA 957. Photo Y. Papadakis Ploumidis.
Plate 4. Steatite statuette of a goddess seated on a throne (1). Scale 2:1. Photos by author.
Plate 5. Fragment of an ivory statuette (2) and an ivory plaque in the form of a nude woman (3). Scale 1:1. Photos by author.
Plate 6. Faience statuettes of the god Month or Month-Ra (4) and enthroned mother goddess with child-god on lap (5). Scale 1.5:1 (4), and 2:1 (5). Photos by author.
Plate 7. Faience statuettes of an enthroned mother goddess with child-god on lap (6), a standing goddess with papyrus scepter (7), and enthroned goddesses with snake-formed decans (8, 9). Scale 2:1 (6, 7) and 1:1 (8, 9). Photos by author.
Plate 8. Faience statuettes of enthroned deities over enemies (10, 11) Scale 1:1. Photos by author.
Plate 9. Faience statuettes of standing Nefertem (12) and male figures in striding stances (13, 14). Scale 1:1 (12) and 1.5:1 (13, 14). Photos by author.
Plate 10. Faience statuettes of the heads and torsos of male figures (15–17). Scale 1.5:1. Photos by author.
Plate 11. Faience statuettes of a standing figure (18) and the dwarf god Bes (19, 20). Scale 2:1 (18, 20) and 1.5:1 (19). Photos by author.
Plate 12. Faience statuettes of the dwarf god Bes (21–23). Scale 2:1. Photos by author.
Plate 13. Faience statuettes of the dwarf god Bes (24) and Ptah-Pataikos (25), and a faience menit amulet (26). Scale 2:1, except 26d (4:1). Photos by author.
Plate 14. Faience feline-headed collar protome (27) and faience statuette of a falcon (28). Scale 2:1. Photos by author.
Plate 15. Faience statuettes of seated cats (29–31) and faience amulet of a bunch of grapes (35). Scale 2:1, except 35 (1:1). Photos by author.
Plate 16. Faience magic wand with monkeys (36) and faience statuette of the torso of a male deity (37). Scale 1:1 (36) and 1:1.5 (37). Photos by author.
Plate 17. Faience statuette fragments of the lower part of a standing figure (38) and the head of a female figure (39), and steatite scarab (40). Scale 1:1.5 (38), 1:1 (39), and 2:1 (40). Photos by author.
Plate 18. Steatite scarabs (42–45). Scale 2:1. Photos by author.
Plate 19. Steatite scarabs (46–49) Scale 3:1 (46, 47) and 2:1 (48, 49). Photos by author.
Plate 20. Steatite scarabs (50, 51) and faience scarabs (52, 53). Scale 2:1, except 50 (3:1). Photos by author.
Plate 21. Faience scarab (54) and faience scarabs of Aegean manufacture (55–57). Scale 3:1 (54, 55) and 2:1 (56, 57). Photos by author.
Plate 22. Faience scarabs of Aegean manufacture (58–61). Scale 2:1. Photos by author.
Plate 23. Faience scarabs of Aegean manufacture (62–65). Scale 2:1. Photos by author.
Plate 24. Faience scarabs of Aegean manufacture (66, 67) and faience scarabs in part transitioning to Naucratite production (68–70). Scale 2:1. Photos by author.
Plate 25. Faience scarabs in part transitioning to Naucratite production (71, 72) and scarabs in Egyptian blue in part transitioning to Egyptian Green (74–77). Scale 2:1. Photos by author.
Plate 26. Faience items including a spindle whorl (78), aryballos fragments (79), vessel fragments (80, 81), spherical vase (82), and fish aryballos (83). Scale 1:1 except 81 and 83 (1:2). Photos by author.
Acknowledgments
List of Abbreviations
Introduction
Summary of Other Archaeological Work near Inatos
Introduction to the Aegyptiaca from the Inatos Cave
Statuettes in Steatite and Ivory
Statuettes of Faience
Seal Amulets
Spindle Whorl
Vessels and Vessel Fragments
Summary of the Aegyptiaca from Inatos
References
Index
Plates
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