The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Media

Cover
Half Title
Series Information
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Figures
Tables
Contributors
Acknowledgements
Introduction: Translation And/in/of Media
	Conceptual and Methodological Issues
	Media in the Digital Age
	Translation and Transformation
	Note
	References
Part I General Theoretical and Methodological Perspectives
	1 Media and Translation: Historical Intersections
		Introduction
		Theoretical Background
		Media and Translation Studies
		Early Modern Book Production
		Translation and Industrial Print
		Periodicals
		Mediality, Translation and the 21st Century
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Note
		References
	2 Language, Media and Culture in an Era of Communicative Change
		Introduction
		Text and Discourse: Intertextuality and Re-Semiotization
		Participation Framework(sometimes Referred to as ‘Participatory Framework’)
		Communicative Ethos
		Communicative Affordances
		Protocols of Use
		Social Relations and Institutions of Production and Reception
		Conclusions
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	3 Media Translation and Politics in Multilingual Contexts
		Introduction
		Political Communication, Multilingualism and Media Translation
		Media Translation as a Political Activity
		Translation Policies in the Media
		Concluding Remarks
		Further Reading
		References
	4 The Global, the Foreign and the Domestic: Was There a ‘Global Turn’ in Journalism in the Early 21st Century?
		Introduction
		The Rise of the ‘Global’ Perspective in the Media and Journalism
		Scepticism Towards Global Journalism
		Probing the Enactment of Stereotyping and Domestication Techniques
			The Culture Peg as Connected to Culture Link
		‘Global Journalism’ Explained. What Led Scholars to Believe in the Global ‘Turn’?
			The Rise of the ‘Contextual/analytical’ Approach and the ‘People’ Orientation of News
		The ‘Global’ as a Trendy Thread
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		References
	5 Internationalization and Localization of Media Content: The Circulation and National Mediation of Ready-Made TV Shows and Formats
		Introduction: the Debate About the Globalization of Media and Culture
		Three Trends and Lines of Inquiry
		The International Circulation and National Mediation of Ready-Made TV Shows
		The International Circulation and National Mediation of Television Formats
		Conclusions. Some Future Challenges in Media Circulation
		Further Reading
		Note
		References
	6 Revisiting Certain Concepts of Translation Studies Through the Study of Media Practices
		Introduction
		The Impact of Digital Technology
		Audiovisual Translation: the Ugly Duckling?
		Implications for Translation Studies
			Concepts of Text and Authorship
			Concepts of Translation and Translation Unit
			The Concept of Quality
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	7 The Translating Agent in the Media: One Or Many?
		Introduction
		Collaboration in Media Translation: Professional and Commercial Contexts
		Participatory Forms of Media Translation
		The Impact of Technology and Translation Crowdsourcing
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	8 Translation, Media and Paratexts
		Introduction
		Current Scholarship On Paratexts in Audiovisual and News Translation
		Theoretical Issues
		Methodological Issues
		Conclusion and Future Directions
		Further Reading
		Note
		References
	9 The Multimodal Dimension of Translation
		Introduction
		Multimodality as a Concept in Linguistic Analysis
		Some Basic Principles and Concepts of Multimodal Analysis
			Semiotic Choice
			Semiotic Material
			Discourses
			Discourses and Social Practices
		The Shift to Multimodal Communication
			Integrated Design
			Technologization
		Tool Kit for Analysing Semiotic Resources
			Tool Kit 1: Typographic Meaning Potentials
			Toolkit 2: Colour Meaning Potentials
			Toolkit 3: Meaning Potentials of Iconography
		Conclusion: Doing Multimodal Analysis in Translation Research
		Further Reading
		References
Part II Translation and Journalism
	10 A Historical Overview of Translation in the Global Journalistic Field
		Introduction
		Journalism and Translation From the Early Modern Period to the 19th Century
			Translation, Movement and Periodicity
			Topics and Strategies
		Translation and the Professionalization of Journalism
		Contemporary Journalism
		Concluding Remarks
		Further Reading
		Note
		References
	11 Journalism and Translation: Overlapping Practices
		Introduction
		Conceptual and Disciplinary Importance
		Interdisciplinary Attempts
		‘Traditional’ Topics in News Translation Research
		Methodological Focus
		Conclusion and Future Perspectives
		Further Reading
		Funding
		Note
		References
	12 Translation in the News Agencies
		Introduction
		News Agencies in the 21st Century
			Global, Transnational, National and Alternative News Agencies
			The Role of News Agencies in the Mediascape
			News Agencies in the Internet Era
		What Does Translation Studies Research Into News Agencies Reveal?
			Corpora Including Agency Material
			Product-oriented Research
			Product- and Process-Oriented Research
		What Are the Characteristics of Translation in News Agencies?
			Journalistic Values
			Journalists Instead of Translators
			Major Rewritings and Lexical Transfer
		What Are the Consequences of These Characteristics for Translation Studies?
			Problems With the Terms Translation, Source, Target and Text
			Problems With Domestication and Equivalence
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	13 Translation in Literary Magazines
		Introduction
		Current Perspectives On Translation in Periodical Publications
		A Big Translation History
		Literary Translation in Spanish-Language Periodicals at the Beginning of the 20th Century
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	14 Fixers, Journalists and Translation
		Introduction
		Recent Developments in Foreign Newsgathering
		The Multiple Roles of the Fixer
		The Influence of the Fixer On the Newsgathering Process
		Fixers and Translation
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	15 News Translation Strategies
		Introduction
		Principal Strategies in News Translation
			Macrostrategies in News Translation
			Microstrategies in News Translation
		Specific Elements of News: Headlines and Quotations
			Translation of News Headlines
			Translation of Quotes
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Note
		References
	16 Journalism and Translation Ethics
		Introduction
		An Overview of the Interplay Between Journalism and Translation Ethics
		Journalism Ethics Vs Translation Ethics
		On the Synergy Between Translation and Journalism
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		References
	17 Reading Translated News
		Introduction
		Researching Readers
		A Focus-Group Study Exploring the Effects of ‘Sending the Reader Abroad’
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		References
Part III Multimedia Translation
	18 A Connected History of Audiovisual Translation: Sources and Resources
		Introduction
		The Rapid Emergence of Cinema as an Art and an Industry
		Towards a Policy of Audiovisual Translation
		What Kind of History Do We Need?
		Correlating Technical Innovations and Audiovisual Translation for a Connected History
			1895 to Around 1930: Cinema Is Neither Mute Nor Silent
			A New Era (1920s–1930s): the Talkies
			Between the 1930s and the 1960s: Coping With Language Diversity
		Methodological Challenges
			Direct and Indirect Sources of Information
			Archives and Databases
			Electronic Corpora
			Oral History
		Concluding Remarks
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	19 Film Translation
		Introduction
		Historical Aspects of Film Translation
		Audiovisual Translation and Film
		Beyond Interlingual Transfer: Film-Transformative Aspects of Translation
			Film Studies Approaches
			Translation Studies Approaches
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	20 Mapping the Contemporary Landscape of TV Translation
		Introduction
		Existing Research and Debates On TV Translation
		Newer Dynamics in Audiovisual Distribution and Adaptation
		Conclusion and Future Directions
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	21 Media Interpreting
		Introduction
		Media Interpreting: an Intrinsically Heterogeneous Landscape
		Interpreting Modalities
		Working Conditions
		Media Interpreting Across Media Outlets, Broadcast Events and Genres
		Theories and Methodologies for the Study of Media Interpreting
			The Communicative Ethos of Broadcasting
			Mediated Authenticity: a Critical Theory for Studying the Broadcast of Interpreter-Mediated Interaction
		Quality and Quality Assurance
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		References
	22 Translation and the World Wide Web
		Introduction
		Translation and the Emergence of the Internet and the World Wide Web
		The World Wide Web, Translation Processes and Translation Events: a Dynamic Evolution
			The WWW in the Documentation and Terminology Processes
			Cloud-based Technologies and the Translation Revolution
			Communication and Networking for Translators
			New Translation Modalities: Web Localization
		Translation Collaboration and the World Wide Web: Fans, Participatory Cultures and Crowdsourcing
		Conclusion: New Research Trends
		Further Reading
		Note
		References
	23 Video Game Localization: Translating Interactive Entertainment
		Introduction
		Understanding Video Games
		Critical Issues in Current Research
		Research Trends and Future Directions
		Conclusions
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	24 Translation, Accessibility and Minorities
		Introduction
		The Place of Translation Studies
		Empowering Accessibility
		Accessibility
		Media Accessibility and Services
		Accessibility Services Presentation Modes
		Minorities: Disability and Impairment
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Acknowledgements
		Notes
		References
	25 Audiovisual Translation, Audiences and Reception
		Introduction
		Audiovisual Media, Translations and Audiences
		Historical Approaches to Reception Studies
		Reception Studies in Audiovisual Translation: the Tools
		What the Future Holds
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		References
Part IV Translation in Alternative and Social Media
	26 Translation and Social Media
		Introduction
		Translation, Translation Studies and Online Social Media: a Review of Extant Research
		Social Platform Translation as a Gate-Keeping Mechanism
		Online Social Translation, Online Social Activism and Language Resurgence
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	27 Non-Professional Translators and the Media
		Introduction
		What Is Non-Professional Translation?
		How Is Non-Professional Translation Related to the Media?
		Fansubbers
		Activist Translators
		Harrypotterians
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	28 Alternative Journalism and Translation
		Introduction
		Alternative Journalism and Its Media
		Translation in Alternative Journalism
		Alternative Journalism and Translation in Community Radio in South Africa
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		References
	29 Subtitling Practices in Islamic Satellite Television
		Introduction1
		Religious Responsibility and the Stakes of Translation
		The Geopolitics of Translation
		Debating Translation Strategies
		Critical Translation
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Note
		References
	30 NGOs, Media and Translation
		Introduction
		International Non-Governmental Organizations and Translation
		INGOs, Global News and Translation
			INGOs as Global News Providers
			Gaps in Research: Translation and Interpreting in INGO News Production
		New Media Forms and Multidirectional Communication
			NGO Advocacy and Development Efforts, New Media and Translation
			NGO Humanitarian Interventions, New Media and Translation
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Acknowledgement
		Note
		References
	31 A Deaf Translation Norm?
		Introduction
		A History of Deaf Community Translation Acts
		The Role of Sign Language Interpreting and Translation in the Media
		Norms Within Mainstream News Interpreting in the UK
		Expectations and Norms Within New Media
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Note
		References
	32 Online Translation Communities and Networks
		Introduction
		Prosumers, Digital Platforms and Media Convergence
		Four Questions to Be Further Answered in Translation Studies
		Fansubbing as a Non-Representational Practice
		Propositions On Future Research Directions
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Notes
		References
	33 Wikipedia and Translation
		Introduction
		Translation in Wikipedia
		Wikipedia’s Translators: Profiles and Motivations
		Wikipedia as a Tool for Translators and Translation Researchers
		Wikipedia as a Research Environment: Practical and Ethical Challenges
		Conclusion
		Further Reading
		Note
		References
Index