The Routledge Handbook of Placemaking

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Table of Contents
Contents Curated by Topics
List of Figures
List of Abbreviations
List of Editors
List of Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1 Introduction: What really matters: moving placemaking into a new epoch
	What is placemaking?
	Placemaking as a community of practice?
	The next placemaking epoch
	References
	Further reading in this volume
Section 1 History and theory of placemaking
	Preface: Placemaking in the age of COVID-19 and protest
		What we learn from this chapter
		What’s next?
		Reference
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 2 Placemaking as an economic engine for all
		Introduction
		How we got here
		Rebuilding the strength of urban settlements through innovative, multi-pronged investment strategies
		How ‘place’ drives productivity and shifts the geography of innovation
		Place-oriented development: how parks and open space enhance real estate value
		Pre-emptive efforts to keep places open and accessible
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 3 An annotated history of creative placemaking at the federal level
		Introduction
		Responding to the Great Recession
		Seeding creative placemaking with federal and philanthropic funding
		Our Town: NEA funding for local pilot projects
		Making creative placemaking projects legible
		Investing in knowledge-building and network organizations
		Accelerating community capacity to support local work
		Reflecting on a decade of federal investment in creative placemaking
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 4 A future of creative placemaking
		Introduction
		The future
		Imagining and remembering
		Advancing equity
		Building relationships
		Fostering cross-sector collaboration
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 5 Making places for survival: Looking to a creative placemaking past for a guide to the future
		Backward?
		People making places
		Maroon settlements of the Great Dismal Swamp
		Casitas of South Bronx and New York City
		Indian Canyon in the Unceded Ohlone Lands of California
		Forward!
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 6 Listen, connect, act
		Context matters
		Humans
		Exemplars of the work
		Examples of process
		Arts Council New Orleans
		Partners and Burning Man Project
		Black Rock City
		Thinking about culture and creative placemaking in a post–COVID-19 environment
		References
		Further reading in this volume
Section 2 Practices of placemaking
	Preface: ‘Disastrous forces, accidental actions, and grassroots responses’
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 7 Conflict and memory: Human rights and placemaking in the city of Gwangju
		The May 18 Democratization Movement
		Character of Gwangju City
		Citizen army leaders’ sacrifice
		Solidarity: domestic and international
		A student movement for democracy through culture
		Places of struggle: 1980–1998
		Connecting Provincial Hall, Democracy Plaza, the fountain, and Geumnam-ro Street
		Other key buildings restored
		Establishing the May 18 National Cemetery
		Places of commemoration and promotion: 1998 to present
		Establishing a human rights identity
		May 18 Democratization Movement Archives
		2011 World Human Rights Cities Forum
		Concluding remarks
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 8 Queer placemaking, settler colonial time, and the desert imaginary in Palm Springs
		Ruins, settler-colonialism, and the erotics of the desert
		Palm Springs
		Conclusion: desert time in Palm Springs
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 9 From the dust of bad stars: Disaster, resilience, and placemaking in Little Tokyo
		Introduction: Disaster, resilience, placemaking
		Little Tokyo: A history of development and disaster
		The destruction of urban renewal begets community organizing
		A damaged urban economy enables community land ownership
		An earthquake sparks community cultural development
		Conclusion: Sustaining Little Tokyo
		Acknowledgment
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 10 From moon village to mural village: The consequences of creative placemaking in Ihwa-dong, Seoul
		Introduction
		Creative placemaking
		A community transformed: Ihwa-dong, Seoul
		Tourism, complaints, and community responses
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 11 Free State Boulevard and the story of the East 9th Street Placekeepers
		The panel
		East Lawrence
		The proposal
		Early organizing
		The Watergate moment
		It doesn’t matter if you’re right if they have the votes
		If I can’t dance, it’s not my revolution
		The surprise(s)
		The end and the beginning
		Role reversal
		Coda
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 12 Public transformation: Affect and mobility in Rural America
		Creative placemaking and conversation
		Complicating the rural–urban binary
		The Department of Public Transformation tour
		Staging the stories of place
		Performing place
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 13 Sensing our streets: Involving children in making people-centred smart cities
		Introduction
		Background work
		Children and the smart city
		Research context
		Designing our engagement
		Insights on a pilot engagement
		Contrasting embodied and technical sensing
		Exploring possibilities in their environment with the sensors
		Generating place-based ideas and responses to issues
		Designing approaches to support children’s inclusion
		Give prominence to context and subjectivities in smart cities
		Expose the limitations and seams of smart technologies
		Open playful spaces for designing cities and technologies
		Conclusions
		Acknowledgements
		References
		Further reading in this volume
Section 3 Problematizing placemaking
	Preface: The problem with placemaking
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 14 Experts in their own tomorrows: Placemaking for participatory climate futures
		Introduction: the inevitability of the Anthropocene as a mandate for change
		People, places, practices: re-narrating transformative adaptations for the Anthropocene
		A lab for living: placemaking for sociotechnical transformation in the context of climate change
		Strategies of support: ways to work with and for placemaking
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 15 Un/safety as placemaking: Disabled people’s socio-spatial negotiation of fear of violent crime 
		Introduction
		Placemaking and un/safety: geographies of FOVC
		Situating disabled people’s socio-spatial negotiation of fear and safety in place
		Feeling fear, feeling safety
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgements
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 16 More than a mural: Participatory placemaking on Gija Country 
		Introduction
		Berrema daam ngarag noonamenke ngagenybe daam
		Art in the Streets of Warmun
		Garnkiny
		Always was, always will be Aboriginal land
		Warrrarnany Gooningarrim-Noongoo
		A place of reconciliation, a reconciliation of place
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 17 ‘I am not a satnav’: Affective placemaking and conflict in ‘the ginnel that roared’
		Introduction
		Context and case study
		Key placemaking issues
		Conclusion and legacy
		Acknowledgements
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 18 ‘Homomonument sounds like a poem’: Queer placemaking 30 years on: a conversational dialogue with Thijs Bartels, author of Dancing on the Homomonument (2003)
		Prelude
		Act I: Past – Placing encounters
		Act II: Present – Placing beyond inclusive symbolism
		Act III: Future – Placing inclusive changes?
		Coda
		Acknowledgements
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 19 Placemaking in the ecology of the human habitat
		Author preface
		Introduction
		Theoretical underpinnings of urban planning
		Emergence of urban design and regeneration in the UK
		An urban renaissance – improving design
		An urban renaissance – regeneration in the UK
		Placemaking – a social science approach
		References
		Further reading in this volume
Section 4 Art, artists, and placemaking
	Preface: The radical potential of placemaking
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 20 Displacemaking 2015 and 2020
		Introduction (2020)
		Displacemaking (2015)
		Displacemaking (2020)
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 21 Placemaking through Parkour and Art du Déplacement (ADD) as a Singaporean Applied Performance Practitioner in London
		Troubling the narratives of place
		The lively nomad
		Facing the consequences of failure
		Liveliness is a conversation about death
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 22 Embedded Artist Project: Epistemic Disobedience + Place 
		Introduction
		The Embedded Artist: Double Agent
		Civic Experiments: Projects Undertaken as Embedded Artist
		Disobedience Beyond Disruption: Linking Embedded Artist Project To Social Justice + Place
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 23 Routing out place identity through the vernacular production practices of a community light festival
		Introduction
		Light festivals
		From cultural policy to vernacular creativity?
		The salience of the mythic narrative of Lighting the Legend
		Creative route-making and managing the parade
		Creating the parade theme
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 24 Artists, creativity, and the heart of city planning
		Introduction
		City planning and art making
		Planning and public process
		Planning as storytelling
		Art as data
		Diversity and cultural competency
		Creative engagement: setting the stage
		Process as product in planning: four case studies
		Community building as patchwork: a North Dakota case
		Learning from diversity in an urban center: a Minneapolis case
		Testing the limits: a suburban case
		Finding stories of place: a rural Midwest case
		Finding joy in civic engagement
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 25 ‘If you can make it there, you can make it anywhere…’: Cultural placemaking at the heart of cities
		Times Square context
		Taking back the city centre: experimental cultural capital of public space
		Times Square Arts: getting started
		Listening is learning
		Start with who and what you know
		… Structure it!
		Evaluating in real-time
		Establishing cultural sustainability
		From Times Square to London Bridge: transference to other business improvement districts
		Using the framework
		London Bridge core values
		Concluding principles
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 26 Sculpturing sound in space: On The Circle and the Square (2016) by Suzanne Lacy
		Having an experience (introduction)
		Situating place: arriving in Brierfield
		A place turned space
		The performance
		Reflecting on the performace, London, March 2019
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
Section 5 Placemaking, environment, and sustaining ecologies
	Preface: Towards developing equitable economies; the concept of Oikos in placemaking
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 27 Is ‘tactical urbanism’ an alternative to neoliberal urbanism?: Reflections on an exhibition at the MoMA
		1.
		2.
		3.
		4.
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 28 Integral placemaking: A poiesis of sophrosynes?
		Personal placing – an integral practitioner at work
		Framing place – integrally
		Place – through an integral lens: a making, by makers
		Placemaking as wellbeing by design: mesh-working and whole-making
		A poiesis of sophrosynes – the placemaking to come?
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 29 The solution is in the problem: The art of turning a threat into an opportunity by developing resilience using a Creative Placemaking critical praxis
		The problem landscape
		From threat to opportunity
		Co-designing for resilience – the role of a Creative Placemaking critical praxis
		Co-designing for resilience on the Iveragh Peninsula, SW Kerry, Ireland
		Outputs and initial findings
		Building micro-ecologies
		Strategic intervention tactics
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 30 Ethical placemaking for ecological subjects
		Ecological subjects-citizens
		Toward ethical placemaking and equitable cohabitation
		Models of governance for ethical placemaking
		Essential capacities for ethical placemaking
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 31 Seven generations: A role for artists in Zuni PlaceKnowing
		Introduction
		The challenge
		The opportunity
		The Zuni Pueblo Artwalk
		Reflections on PlaceKnowing
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 32 The Hollywood Forest Story: Placemaking for the Symbiocene
		Introduction
		The marginalisation of ecosocial art practices for placemaking
		Introducing The Hollywood Forest Story (begun April 28, 2008 – ongoing)
		Developing Hollywood Forest through ecosocial art practice within a context of symbiotic placemaking
		A Guattarian ecosophy-action research framework applied within a context of symbiotic placemaking
		Beyond placemaking: transversal practices for ‘worlds yet-to-come’
		The Hollywood Forest Story – a slow ecosocial art practice as symbiotic placemaking
		Action research’s ’worthwhile purposes’ stage clarifies how symbiotic placemaking is initiated
		The ‘practical challenges’ of symbiotic placemaking
		‘Many ways of knowing’ as a crucial stage in symbiotic placemaking
		‘Participation and democracy’ reveals the social skills required for symbiotic placemaking
		Understanding the emergent, dialogical form of symbiotic placemaking
		Conclusion: emphasising the critical outcomes of symbiotic placemaking
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 33 Conceptualizing and recognizing placemaking by non-human beings and lessons we might learn from Marx While Walking with Beaver
		Introduction
		The production of relational place
		The production of place by non-humans
		The role of value in the production of place among humans and non-humans
		The danger of not seeing this, and why we did not see this
		Trying to see placemaking among non-human beings
		The value of seeing this
		Bibliography
		Further reading in this volume
Section 6 Placemaking, urban design, and planning
	Preface: The only thing constant is change
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 34 Reconnecting cité and ville
		Introduction
		The cité/ville divide
		Contemporary planning and urban design
		Two case studies – Sydney and Tokyo
		Money, politics, and design
		Bringing cité and ville together in the three-part proposition
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 35 Planning governance – lessons for the integration of placemaking
		Introduction
		A brief history of post-colonisation planning in Australia
		The case studies
		Recognition of the need for placemaking: Western Australian Government, 1998, Liveable Neighbourhoods Community Design Code
		When place is used for other purposes: New South Wales Government Architect, 2017, Better Placed – an integrated design policy for the built environment of New South Wales
		The place is the reason for planning: Victorian Government, 2019, Movement and Place in Victoria
		The integration of placemaking in to planning governance
		Integrating the theory of place is not the same as delivering the professional practice of placemaking
		Three dynamics that the integration of placemaking practice brings to planning governance
		The transition from planning trend to standard practice
		Ensuring authentic placemaking
		Conclusion
		Bibliography
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 36 Facilitator skills for effective collaborative placemaking
		Introduction
		Recognising professionals’ roles and responsibilities (management task)
		The personal attributes and skills required for successful facilitation
		The role of facilitation in the five key stages of collaborative planning
		Conclusions
		Acknowledgements
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 37 The Neighbourhood Project: A case study on community-led placemaking by CoDesign Studio
		Tackling process barriers to placemaking
		The context
		The problem
		The Neighbourhood Project
		A managed program of training, information, resources, and support
		People, Process, and Place (PPP) evaluation
		The projects
		Changing the approach to achieve self-sustaining outcomes
		Project Case Study: Fawkner Food Bowls
		Project case study: Strathmore, Let’s Make A Park
		Project case study: Williams Landing Community Garden
		Project findings
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgement
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 38 Public seating – small important places
		Introduction
		The public seat as the smallest increment of place
		Equity in access through an invitation to all
		The public seat as social infrastructure
		Creating a more sittable city – a city of small people places
		References
		Further reading in this volume
Section 7 Researching and evaluating placemaking
	Preface: Evaluating creative placemaking: A collection of observations, reflections, findings, and recommendations
		This collection of chapters
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 39 Translating Outcomes: Laying the groundwork for interdisciplinary evaluation of creative placemaking
		Introduction
		Value-driven methods
		What interdisciplinarity has revealed: we keep measuring the wrong things
		The arts can help define more authentic, human-centered outcomes
		Practitioners create new, contextual measures all the time; funders and policymakers need to listen
		Summative evaluation is (still) premature
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgments
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 40 Transforming community development through arts and culture: A developmental approach to documentation and research
		Introduction
		The purpose and approach of the CDI initiative
		Defining features of the research and documentation
		Guiding principles for data collection and analysis
		Transforming community development through arts and culture: themes, questions, and findings
		Collaborative practice
		Organizational evolution
		Community development outcomes
		Audience mapping and its implications for research and writing
		Conclusion
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 41 Rituals of regard: On festivals, folks, and findings of social impact
		The grounding: folklife is about folks
		Predicaments of evaluation
		Longitudinal learning
		Grounded relationships
		Equitable returns
		Success as actionable democratic participation
		References
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 42 Creative placemaking and placekeeping evaluation challenges from the practitioner perspective: An interview with Roy Chan
		Acknowledgments
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 43 A theory of change for creative placemaking: The experience of the National Endowment for the Arts’ Our Town program: An interview with Patricia Moore Shaffer, PhD
		Acknowledgment
		Bibliography
		Further reading in this volume
	Chapter 44 Creative Placemaking and comprehensive community development: Rethinking neighborhood change and evaluation
		Introduction
		The challenge of describing creative placemaking
		Understanding urban inequality, neighborhood, and systems change and the contributions of creative placemaking
		Urban inequality
		Neighborhood change and barriers to capturing contributions of creative placemaking
		Recalibrating concepts of neighborhood reinvestment and change in community development and planning fields
		Recalibrating dominant concepts of impact and excellence in arts and culture
		Promising developments and trends in creative placemaking evaluation and research
		Indicators vs. indications
		Innovation and measurement
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgments
		References
		Further reading in this volume
Conclusion
	Preface
	Chapter 45 How the city speaks to us and how we speak back: Rewriting the relationship between people and place
		Introduction
		How the city speaks to us
		How we speak back
		Revoicing our relationships with place
		The streets of tomorrow
		Bibliography
		Further reading in this volume
Index