The Routledge Companion to Media Industries

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Figures
Tables
Contributors
Acknowledgments
Media, Industries, Research: Problematizing the Field
	Media Industries in the Digital Economy
	From Media Industries to the Industrial Existences of Media
	Research Practice and the Production of Media Industries
	References
Part I Perspectives: Conceptual and Critical Directions
	1 Assembling Production Studies: Formative Interventions in Britain and Europe
		Tracking Change
		Levels of Analysis: Assembling Russian Dolls
		Research Nodes and Networks
		Channel Crossings
		Working Regimes: Publishing and Flow
		Commodities, Gifts, and Public Goods
		Rethinking Capital and Competition
		Producing the Public Sphere: Mediating Citizenship
		The Lives of Others: Fabricating Fictions
		Participation and Professionalism: Openings and Closings
		Logging Continuities
		References
	2 Origins of Research Into Media Industries Conducted in the United States
		Defining Media Industries Studies
		Approaches to the Study of Media Industries in the United States
			Political Economy
			Media Economics
			Media Management
			Production of Culture
			Production Studies
			Creative Industries
		Individual Industry Studies
			Newspapers
			Film
			Broadcasting
		General Media Industries Studies
		Summary
		Notes
		References
	3 Meeting the Challenges of Media and Marketing Convergence: Revising Critical Political Economy Approaches
		Critical Political Economy of Media
		CPE Approaches to Media and Advertising
		Challenges of Media and Marketing Convergence
		Governance Analysis
			Formal Regulation
			Industry Self-Regulation
			Market Power and Civil Society
		Normalization and Contestation
		References
	4 Why Should We Care About Media Policy?: Critical Directions in Media Policy Research
		Defining Media Policy and Establishing Its Importance
		Analyzing Media Policy
		Conclusion
		Note
		References
	5 Economic Perspectives On the Characteristics and Operation of Media Industries
		Purposes of Media Economics Research
		Research Themes
		Conclusion
		References
	6 The State of Media Management Research
		The Scholarly Roots of Media Management Research
		Current Trends in Media Management Research
		Categorizing Media Management Research
			Unit of Analysis
			External Or Internal Orientation
			Theories Applied
			Methodological Approach
			Stakeholder Orientation
		Types of Media Management Publications
		Research Topics and Geographic Origin of the Research Output
		The Ongoing Meta-Discussion of the Scholarship About Itself
		Positioning Media Management Research in Relation to Media Industry Studies
		Acknowledgment
		References
	7 Critical and Cultural?: Production Studies as Situated Storytelling
		Production Studies as a Field of Scholarly Production
		Production Studies Methods and Issues
		Conclusion: Production Studies as Storytelling
		References
	8 Locating and Localizing Media Industry Studies: The Case of Greece
		The Greek Media Industries Environment: the State and the Media
		Greek Media Industries Studies: From Political Economy to Media Industry Studies
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
Part II Interventions: Rethinking the Field
	9 Industrial Media Studies: Considering Infrastructures for Audience Manufacture
		Industrial Media: Dirt Research for Digital Capitalism
		Audience Commodification
		Information, Knowledge, and Power
		Ad Tech: Discrimination By Design
		Conclusion
		References
	10 The Infrastructural Turn in Media and Internet Research
		Studies of Media and Information Infrastructures: Development and Contributions
		Problems and Limitations
			Materiality, Hardness, and Softness
			“Relationality”
			Banality and Vagueness
			Does Vagueness Matter?
			Intellectual Disjuncture
		Notes
		References
	11 Informality and Indeterminacy in Media Industries Research
		What Is a Media Industry?
		Informal Industries
		Informal Labor Practices
		Informality in the Age of Platforms
		Conclusion
		References
	12 An Industry of Its Own?: Approaching the American Comic Book Industry
		Comic Books On Their Own: the American Direct Market
		Comics as Part of the American Book Industry
		Comics as Part of the Filmed Entertainment Industry
		Conclusion
		References
	13 Approaching Race in Media Industries Research
		Research Context
		How Media Industries Make Race
		What an Analysis of Race Brings to Media Industries Research
		Conclusion
		References
	14 Methodological Approaches to Women’s Work in Hollywood
		Historical, Archival Approaches to Women’s Work
		Structural, Data-Driven Approach to Employment
		Mapping Gendered Precarity and Mobility
		Moving Forward in a Pandemic
		References
	15 Global Configurations: Re-Spatializing Labor in Contemporary Film and Television Production
		How Hollywood Works
		Complicating Capital
		References
	16 Producing for Small Audiences: Smallness and Peripherality in the Global Media Industries
		Small Scale and Peripherality: Two Perspectives On Unevenness of Media Markets
		Taking Research of Smallness and Peripherality to the Mezzo Level: the Small/peripheral Market Producer Habitus
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgment
		Note
		References
	17 Currents of Change: The Unstoppable Momentum of the Chinese Media Industrial Complex
		Regional Convergence
		Soft Power
		Waves, Flows, Currents
		Conclusion: Processes Not Soft Power, Or Flows
		References
	18 Bricks, Mortar, and Media: Understanding the Media Industries Through Their Buildings
		Classifying Media Buildings
			Production Management and Support Offices
			Production Facilities
			Sites of Consumption
		A Framework for Interrogating Media Buildings
		Case Study: BBC Television Centre
		Conclusion
		Note
		References
	19 Authorship and Agency in the Media Industries
		Issues of Authorship: the Artistic Genius Vs. the Genius of the System
		Issues of Agency: Autonomy, Power, and Questions of “Final Cut”
		Authorship and Agency in the Digital Era
		Conclusions and Cliffhangers
		References
Part III Transformations: Digitalization and Industry Change
	20 The Online Television Industry: Fragmentation, Consolidation, and Power
		Conceptualizing the Contemporary Television Industry
		Mapping the Power Dynamics of the Online TV Industry
		Consolidation in the Production and Distribution of Online TV Content
		The Power Dynamics of Technology and Content
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	21 Children and the Media Industries: An Overlooked But Very Special “Television” Audience
		Changing Definitions of Television for Children
		Changes in the Development, Production, and Distribution of Screen Content for Children
		Continuities: Inclusion, Equality, Regulation, and Curation
		References
	22 Game-Changer Or a New Shape to Familiar Dynamics?: Netflix and the American Indie Film Sector
		References
	23 User as Asset, Music as Liability: The Moral Economy of the “Value Gap” in a Platform Musical Economy
		The Post-Crisis Musical Economy
		The Rise of the Platform Economy
		The Platform Music Industry as a Moral Economy
		Conclusions
		Note
		References
	24 The Digital News Industry: The Intertwining Digital Commodities of Audiences and News
		The Digital Audience Commodity
		The Digital News Commodity
		Money, Meaning, and Future Directions
		Acknowledgments
		References
	25 The Dynamics of the Book Publishing Industry
		Industry Structure
		The Business of Books
		Society and Culture
		The Future
		References
	26 Social Media Industries and the Rise of the Platform
		Conceptualizing Social Media Industries
		Frameworks for Analyzing SMIs
		Platformization, Datafication, and SMIs
		The Global SMI Landscape
		Analyzing SMIs: Characteristics and Challenges
		Concluding Remarks
		References
	27 When East Asian Media Industries Are Faced With Digitalization: Transformation and Survival Strategies
		China
		Japan
		South Korea
		The Digital Challenge: Cooperation and Absorption
		Acknowledgment
		Appendix
		Note
		References
Part IV Intersections: Transnational Exchanges and Industry Traversings
	28 Creating That “Local Connect”: The Dubbing of Hollywood Into Hindi
		Cultural, Creative, and Performative Expertise
		The Significance of Bollywood and Digital Platforms for Hollywood
		The Significance of Translation for Media Industries Research
		Acknowledgments
		Notes
		References
	29 The Hollywood–Chinawood Relationship: Continuities and Changes
		The Hollywood–Chinawood Partnership Up to 2017
		Changes to the US–China Partnership After 2017
		Notable Continuities in Hollywood–Chinawood Partnership After 2017
		New Challenges and New Trends
		References
	30 TV Formats: Transnationalizing Television Production and Distribution
		The Emergence of the TV Format Trade in the Twenty-First Century
		The Practice of Format Adaptation
		The Transnationalization of Production Structures, Know-How, and Flows
		Conclusion and Outlook
		References
	31 From Idents to Influencers: The Promotional Screen Industries
		References
	32 Branded Entertainment: A Critical Review
		Introducing Branded Entertainment
		Product Placement and Brand Placement
		Placement Effectiveness
		Differences Between Branded Entertainment and Product Placement
		Branded Entertainment Modalities and Examples
		Critical Appraisal of Branded Entertainment
		Concluding Remarks
		References
	33 Gatekeepers of Culture in the Music Video Supply Chain
		Music Industry
		Production Industry
		Exhibition and Platforms
		Note
		References
	34 The Immersive Cinema Experience Economy: The UK Film Industry’s Third Sector
		From the Experience Economy to the Immersive Cinema Experience Economy
		Immersive Cinema Experiences (ICEx)
			Place
			Practices
			Participants
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	35 Transmediality as an Industrial Form
		Conceptualizing the Industrial Form of Transmediality
		Participatory Brand Extension
		Personalized Immersive Experience
		Conclusion
		References
	36 Sports Rights: Global Content, National Markets, and Regulatory Issues
		The Value of Sports Rights
		New Players, New Issues
		The Regulation of Sports Rights
		Conclusion
		References
Part V Practices: Doing Media Industries Research and Pedagogy
	37 Writing Film Industry History
		The Object of Study: Establishing the Field of Film Industry History
		What Counts as Evidence: Sources and Approaches
		Purposes: What Is Being Explained?
		Possible Futures for Film Industry Historiography
		Notes
		References
	38 Writing the Airwaves: Recent Trends in Histories of US Broadcasting
		Our Sample
		Trends
			Radio Versus TV
			Local Versus National
			Culture, Activism, and Representation
			Programming
			Labor
			Streaming
			Omissions
		The Sources and Methods of Historical Media Industry Research
		Reflections On Our Research Challenges
		On Value to the Field
		Challenges and Opportunities for Future Research
		Acknowledgment
		Reference
	39 Policy Studies and the Case for Plurality
		References
	40 Media Economics and Management as Optimization Research: Toward a Shared Methodology
		Optimization for Profit
		Optimization for Welfare
		How Do They Differ?
		Does the Method Determine the Result?
		What Could They Learn From Each Other?
		Notes
		References
	41 Backstage Observations: Studying Media Producers
		Media Production Research and Ethnography
		Media Producers as Research Subjects
			Media Producers as Exclusive Experts
			Media Producers and Academic Critique
			Media Producers as Self-Aware Informants
		Methodological Strategies for Studying Media Producers
			Participant Observation
			Industry Knowledge and Experience
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	42 Breaking Into Hollywood: Strategies for Interviewing Media Producers
		Holistic Media Industries Studies
		Redefining Media Producers
		Demythologizing Oz and a Dialectic of No Respect
		Network Cultivation and Strategic Targeting
		Circumventing Gatekeepers and Trust-Building
		The Social Media Entertainment and Wanghong Industries
		Peeking Behind the Curtain
		References
	43 Harnessing the Life History Method to Study the Media Industries
		What Are Life Histories?
		Life Histories and Media Industries Research
		Examining Temporality: the Utility of Life History Research
		Identifying Heterogeneity: Moving Beyond Precariousness
		Triangulating Life Histories
		Conclusion
		References
	44 Interfacing With Industry
		Formative Background
		Motivations of Critical Media Industries Scholars
		The Institutional Nudge, Or Mandate, for Closer Relations
		Pedagogical Ethics
		Acknowledgments
		References
	45 Media Industries and Audiences: An Analytic Dialogue
		The Media Experiences Project
		Analytic Dialogue: Establishing the Concept
		Analytic Dialogue: Establishing the Method
		Conclusion
		References
	46 Ethics in Media Industries Research
		Devising a Framework
		A Research Perspective
		Engaging in Reflexivity On Ethics
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	47 Appreciating the Costs and Benefits of Media Market Research in the Digital Era
		Who Is the Viewer?
		The Model of Market Research: Setting the Parameters
		Issues With Media Market Research
		References
	48 Numbers and Qualitative Media Industries Research
		Demand for Statistical Measures
		Obscuring Data as Standard Media Industries Practice Across Contexts
		Institutions Producing Industrial Statistics
		Discussion
		Notes
		References
	49 Teaching Media Industries Through Experiential Learning: Pathways to Engagement and Understanding
		Strategies for Activity Design
		Case Study: TV Industry and Scheduling Activity
		Conclusion
		References
Index