The Role of Neurotransmitters in Brain Injury

Front Matter....Pages i-xi
Front Matter....Pages N1-N1
Excitatory Amino Acid Release Induced by Injury....Pages 1-7
Excitatory Amino Acid Release After Focal Cerebral Ischaemia: Infarct Volume Determines EAA Release....Pages 9-14
A Pyrimidine Derivative, BW 1003C87, Decreases Glutamate Release and Protects Against Ischemic Damage....Pages 15-20
Pilocarpine-Induced Activation of In Vivo Aspartate and Glutamate Release in Dorsal Hippocampus....Pages 21-26
Temperature Dependence of Glutamate Release During Transient Ischemia in the Gerbil and the Effecf of Repeated Occlusions....Pages 27-31
Ischemia-Induced Neurotransmitter Release: Effects of Mild Intraischemic Hyperthermia....Pages 33-38
Glutamate Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid: Do they Reflect In Vivo Modifications in Neurological Disorders?....Pages 39-44
Glutamale, Aspartate and Gaba Release from Hippocampal CA1 Slices During In Vitro Ischemia is Calcium-Independent....Pages 45-49
Glutamale Release and Calcium Influx Induced in Rat Neocortical Cultures by Reversal of Tile Transmembrane Sodium Gradient....Pages 51-56
Topographical Dissociation of Calcium Accumulation Following Hypoxic-Hypoglycemic Glutamate Release, NMDA Receptor Concentration and Delayed Neuronal Death in Gerbil Hippocampus....Pages 57-61
Front Matter....Pages N2-N2
Dizocilpine (MK-801) in Cerebral Ischemia....Pages 63-69
Protection by Two Non-NMDA Antagonists, NBQX and GYKI 52466 Against Selective Cell Loss following Transient Global Ischaemia (4VO) in the Rat....Pages 71-76
Glutamate Neurotoxicity and Effect of Antagonists —In Vitro Study using Hippocampal Neurons Exposed to Hypoxia....Pages 77-82
Pharmacological Effects of Remacemide and MK-801 on Memory and Hippocampal CA1 Damage in the Rat Four-Vessel Occlusion (4-VO) Model of Global Ischemia....Pages 83-92
Comparative Effects of Magnesium Chloride and MK-801 on Infarct Volume after MCA Occlusion in Fischer-344 Rats....Pages 93-98
Generation and Propagation of Cortical Spreading Depression is Mediated by the NMDA Receptor....Pages 99-104
Effects of Ketamine on Recovery of Auditory Brainstem Response after Total Brain Ischemia....Pages 105-110
Front Matter....Pages N3-N3
Role of Nigrostriatal Projections in the Vulnerability of the Striatum....Pages 111-117
Noradrenergic Modulation of Excitotoxicity....Pages 119-124
Effect of Injury on α 1 -Adrenoreceptors in Rat Brain in Vivo ....Pages 125-130
Front Matter....Pages N3-N3
Modulation of Brain Prostaglandin Synthesis by the Noradrenergic System....Pages 131-136
Potential Role of 5-Hydroxytryptamine 1A Receptors in Cerebral Ischemia....Pages 137-146
Role of Serotonin in Traumatic Brain Injury: An Experimental Study in the Rat....Pages 147-152
Measurement of Serotonin in Plasma by In Vivo Microdialysis During Photochemically Induced Thrombosis — Methodological Aspects....Pages 153-159
The Vulnerability of Adult and Young Brain to Ischemia....Pages 161-166
Front Matter....Pages N4-N4
The Role of Glucocorticoids in Ischemic Cell Death....Pages 167-180
Prevention of Hypoxic-Ischemic Damage in Neonatal Rat by Glucocorticoids....Pages 181-186
Effect of Cyclohexyladenosine on Ischemia-Induced Increases of Hippocampal Glutamate and Glycine....Pages 187-191
Adenosine Receptor Blockade Augments Interstitial Excitatory Amino Acids During Cerebral Ischemia....Pages 193-199
Metabolic Depression as a Possible Mechanism of Neuronal Protection by Adenosine....Pages 201-206
Dynamics of Ischemic Injury Following Global Cerebral Ischemia in a Rat Cardiac Arrest Model....Pages 207-211
Muscarinic Receptor Blockade Reveals Changes in Cholinergic Function in Two Models of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)....Pages 213-218
Involvement of the Cholinergic System in the Effects of DM-9384 on Carbon Monoxide (CO) -Induced Acute and Delayed Amnesia....Pages 219-225
Front Matter....Pages N5-N5
Changes in Gene Expression after Transient Ischemia as Potential Markers for Excitotoxic Pathology....Pages 227-232
Correlation Belween Second-Messenger Activities and Cerebral Blood Flow in the Basal Ganglia and Hippocampus after Unilateral Carotid Artery Occlusion in Gerbils....Pages 233-239
Increased Phorbol Ester Binding and Decreased Forskolin Binding in Ischaemic Cortex after Subdural Haematoma in the Rat: An In Vitro Autoradiographic Study....Pages 241-246
Free Fatty Acid and Diacylglycerol Levels are Related to Cerebral O 2 During Seizures....Pages 247-252
Traumatic Brain Injury Alters Cyclic Amp Second Messenger Systems in Rat Brain....Pages 253-257
Expression of Basic FGF in Periinfarcted Brain Tissue and Modification of Postischemic Thalamic Degeneration by Exogenous Basic FGF....Pages 259-264
Front Matter....Pages N6-N6
The Blood-Brain Barrier in Brain Injury: An Overview....Pages 265-269
Front Matter....Pages N6-N6
Ultrastructural Studies of Endothelium in NMDA-Induced Excitotoxicity....Pages 271-277
NMDA Receptors Mediate Activation of Polyamine Synthesis and Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown after Cold Injury....Pages 279-283
Moderate Hypothermia Reduces Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Following Traumatic Brain Injury....Pages 285-291
Regional Blood to Brain Transport of Lactate....Pages 293-298
Delayed Blood-Brain Barrier Opening was Induced not by Presynaptic but by Postsynaptic Ischemic Neuronal Damages....Pages 299-304
Front Matter....Pages N7-N7
Neuroeffector Mechanisms During Focal and Global Cerebral Ischemia....Pages 305-310
Central Neural Modulation of Focal Cerebral Infarction: Possible Relationship to Brainstem Networks Governing Oxygen Conserving Responses....Pages 311-316
Effects of NMDA Antagonists and Temperature on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow....Pages 317-322
Reduced Latency of Visually Evoked Potentials Following Cortical Injury Indicates Secondary Glutamatergic Neuronal Excitation....Pages 323-325
Pre-Or Postsynaptic Blocking of Glutamatergic Functioning Prevents the Increase in Glucose Utilization Following Concussive Brain Injury....Pages 327-332
Focal Cold Injury Alters the Pharmacodynamics of Pentobarbital and the Metabolic Response to Anesthetics: Evidence for Functional Cerebral Depression....Pages 333-338
Cerebral Blood Flow and Glucose Metabolism Following Experimental Head Injury....Pages 339-342
Remote Effects of Small Deep Hemispheric Infarction on the Cortical Blood Flow -CT and 133Xe Inhalation Study....Pages 343-348
Which has a More Significant Role, Locus Ceruleus or Nucleus Tractus Solitarii, in Hemispheric Vasomotor Responses ?....Pages 349-353
Front Matter....Pages N8-N8
Regional Recovery of Eicosanoids after Forebrain Ischemia by Microdialysis in Rats....Pages 355-359
In Vivo Generation of Hydroxyl Radicals During Glutamate Exposure....Pages 361-366
Brain Epoxygenase Metabolites of Arachidonic Acid Produce Oxygen Radicals and Affect In Vivo Platelet Aggregation....Pages 367-372
Back Matter....Pages 373-378