The Rise of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade in Western Africa, 1300–1589

Cover......Page 1
The Rise of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade in Western Africa, 1300–1589......Page 3
African Studies......Page 5
Title
......Page 7
Copyright
......Page 8
Contents......Page 11
Maps......Page 13
Acknowledgements......Page 15
Abbreviations......Page 21
Glossary......Page 23
Introduction Rethinking the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade from a Cultural Perspective......Page 29
PROBLEMS WITH A QUANTITATIVE APPROACH  TO ATLANTIC SLAVERY
......Page 32
CREOLISATION AND THE SLAVE TRADE IN WESTERN AFRICA
......Page 38
RETHINKING AFRICAN AGENCY IN THE ATLANTIC WORLD
......Page 42
SOURCES AND STRUCTURE
......Page 50
PART ONE
 THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ATLANTIC CREOLE CULTURE IN WESTERN AFRICA, CIRCA 1300–1550......Page 57
1 Culture, Trade and Diaspora in Pre-Atlantic Western Africa......Page 59
DIASPORAS OF COMMERCE AND RELIGION: GHĀNA, MALI AND 
THE MANDINKA EXPANSION OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY......Page 63
ACCOMMODATION AND EXPANSION IN THE FORMATION OF KAABU
......Page 74
ACCULTURATION IN UPPER GUINEA
......Page 80
PRIMARY CREOLISATION AND ATLANTIC CREOLISATION
......Page 85
CREOLISATION, LINEAGE AND NAMING IN THE PRE-ATLANTIC AND ATLANTIC WORLDS
......Page 90
2 The Formation of Early Atlantic Societies in Senegambia and Upper Guinea......Page 97
THE IMPORTANCE OF CONTINUITIES IN THE FIRST ATLANTIC EXCHANGES IN WESTERN AFRICA
......Page 98
THE BEGINNING OF AN ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE TO EUROPE
......Page 105
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN WESTERN AFRICANS AND THE PORTUGUESE IN THE FIFTEENTH-CENTURY ATLANTIC
......Page 112
CHANGING POLITICAL AND TRADING RELATIONSHIPS IN WESTERN AFRICA, CIRCA 1490–1510
......Page 117
3 The Settlement of Cabo Verde and Early Signs of Creolisation in Western Africa......Page 123
THE SETTLEMENT OF CABO VERDE AND EARLY TRADE WITH THE WEST AFRICAN COAST
......Page 124
THE MIXED SOCIETY IN CABO VERDE AND THE FIRST SIGNS OF CREOLISATION
......Page 131
THE PLACE OF SLAVERY IN EARLY SIXTEENTH-CENTURY CABOVERDEAN SOCIETY
......Page 135
LANÇADOS AND THE FORGING OF MIXED COMMUNITIES ON THE UPPER GUINEA COAST
......Page 143
4 The New Christian Diaspora in Cabo Verde and the Rise of a Creole Culture in Western Africa......Page 148
MODERNITY, AFRICAN EXCHANGES AND THE CREATION OF THE NEW CHRISTIAN IDEOLOGY
......Page 151
THE EARLY NEW CHRISTIAN DIASPORA IN WESTERN AFRICA
......Page 157
THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE NEW CHRISTIAN DIASPORA IN CABO VERDE
......Page 163
FLEXIBILITY, MODERNITY AND “CREOLISATIONS” IN EARLY ATLANTIC TRADE
......Page 170
5 The New Christian/Kassanké Alliance and the Consolidation of Creolisation......Page 177
THE RISE OF LANÇADOS AND OF RECIPROCAL CULTURAL INFLUENCES IN ATLANTIC CASAMANCE
......Page 179
CASE STUDIES OF KASSANKÉ/NEW CHRISTIAN INTERACTIONS
......Page 183
THE “RACIAL” DIMENSIONS OF NEW CHRISTIAN LIFE ON CABO VERDE AND THE ACCELERATION OF CREOLISATION IN WESTERN AFRICA
......Page 193
ELITES, SLAVERY AND THE BOUNDARIES OF CREOLISATION IN WESTERN AFRICA
......Page 198
PART TWO
 CREOLISATION AND SLAVERY Western Africa and the Pan-Atlantic, Circa 1492–1589......Page 203
6 
The Early Trans-Atlantic Slave Tradefrom Western Africa......Page 205
THE BIRTH OF A PAN-ATLANTIC SPACE DEPENDENT ON SLAVING IN THE EARLY SIXTEENTH CENTURY
......Page 208
THE AMERICAN GENOCIDE AND THE NEED FOR DIRECT TRANS-ATLANTIC TRADE
......Page 213
THE EXPANSION OF THE PAN-ATLANTIC SLAVING ECONOMY AND THE GROWTH OF CABO VERDE
......Page 217
THE IMPACT OF TRANS-ATLANTIC SLAVING ON CYCLES OF VIOLENT DISORDER AND CREOLISATION, TO CIRCA 1550
......Page 227
7 Trading Ideas and Trading People
The Boom in Contraband Trade from Western Africa, circa 1550–1580......Page 236
THE DEMOGRAPHIC COLLAPSE IN THE AMERICAS AND THE ROLE OF CONTRABAND IN THE TRANS-ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE FROM UPPER GUINEA
......Page 239
TRADE NETWORKS AND THE RECIPROCAL INFLUENCES OF ATLANTIC SLAVING IN AFRICA AND THE AMERICAS
......Page 244
CREOLE SOCIETY IN TRANS-ATLANTIC PERSPECTIVE: THE CREATION OF SHARED IDENTITIES AND NEW IDEOLOGIES IN CABO VERDE
......Page 251
8 Cycles of War and Trade in the African Atlantic, circa 1550–1580......Page 259
ATTACK, DEFENCE AND PRODUCTION: THE EFFECTS OF THE MANE INVASIONS IN SIERRA LEONE
......Page 262
LANÇADO TRADE AMONG THE BIAFADA AND THE GROWTH OF MANDE POWER IN UPPER GUINEA
......Page 269
LANÇADO PATTERNS OF SETTLEMENT AND THE KOLA TRADE IN THE ERA OF MANDE EXPANSION
......Page 276
THE ROLE OF CONTINUITIES IN SHAPING PATTERNS OF CREOLISATION AND POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS DURING THE ERA OF THE BOOM IN TRANS-ATLANTIC SLAVING
......Page 280
9 Creole Societies and the Pan-Atlantic in Late-Sixteenth-Century Western Africa and America......Page 288
THE ECOLOGICAL CRISIS OF THE 1580S ON CABO VERDE AND ITS EFFECTS IN WESTERN AFRICA
......Page 290
REORIENTATIONS IN WESTERN AFRICA AND THE NEW SETTLEMENTS AT CACHEU AND GUINALA
......Page 294
THE PAN-ATLANTIC AND THE EMERGENCE OF CREOLE IDENTITIES IN WESTERN AFRICA AND THE NEW WORLD
......Page 299
Conclusion Lineages, Societies and the Slave Trade in Western Africa to 1589
......Page 306
Negocios Exteriores......Page 315
Justicia......Page 316
Cartório Notarial......Page 317
Jesuitas......Page 318
Primary Sources (Published Material)......Page 319
Reference......Page 322
General......Page 323
Index......Page 353
Books in this Series......Page 363