The Rhizosphere and Plant Growth: Papers presented at a Symposium held May 8–11, 1989, at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC), Beltsville, Maryland

Front Matter....Pages i-xv
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Rhizosphere research - 85 years of progress and frustration....Pages 3-13
Substrate flow in the rhizosphere....Pages 15-24
Microbial dynamics in the rhizosphere: Possible strategies in managing rhizosphere populations....Pages 25-32
Root colonization by indigenous and introduced microorganisms....Pages 33-42
Genetic approaches for studying rhizosphere colonization....Pages 43-50
Living plant cells released from the root cap: A regulator of microbial populations in the rhizosphere?....Pages 51-59
Root growth and development....Pages 61-71
The development of a conceptual model of root growth....Pages 73-80
Methods for microbial autecology in the soil rhizosphere....Pages 81-89
Applications and limitations of rhizotrons and minirhizotrons for root studies....Pages 91-97
Conversion factors relating thymidine uptake to growth rate with rhizosphere bacteria....Pages 99-102
Growth rate of rhizosphere bacteria as measured by the thymidine method....Pages 105-105
Chromosome and symbiotic plasmid diversity within a naturally-occurring population of clover rhizobia....Pages 106-106
Stability of antibiotic-resistance markers in Bacillus cereus UW85....Pages 107-107
Bacterial characteristics important to rhizosphere competence....Pages 108-108
Growth of genetically altered Pseudomonas solanacearum in soil and rhizosphere....Pages 109-109
Growth of genetically-engineered Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida in soil and rhizosphere....Pages 110-110
Soil invertebrates are concentrated on roots....Pages 111-111
Distribution of assimilated carbon within the plant and rhizosphere of Lolium perenne : Comparison of field and laboratory grown plants....Pages 112-112
Rhizosphere effect on soil organic matter decomposition....Pages 113-113
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Influence of nitrogen fertilization on photosynthate distribution and utilization by rhizosphere micro-organisms in wheat....Pages 114-114
 In vitro studies on the interactions of Agrobacterium spp. and Pseudomonas spp. isolated from opine environments....Pages 115-115
Colonization of wheat roots by Pseudomonas fluorescens : Scanning electron microscopy and biochemical analysis....Pages 116-116
Pectic enzymes of Azospirillum brasilense ....Pages 117-117
Water uptake patterns in loblolly pines as seen with magnetic resonance microscopy....Pages 118-118
The occurrence of cluster roots in actinorhizal plants....Pages 119-119
Front Matter....Pages 121-121
Legume inoculation: Successes and failures....Pages 123-134
Importance of saprophytic competence for introduced rhizobia....Pages 135-140
Genetic stability in rhizobia in the field....Pages 141-148
Rhizosphere flavonoids released by alfalfa....Pages 149-154
Chemotaxis, induced gene expression and competitiveness in the rhizosphere....Pages 155-162
Gene-for-gene interaction in the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis....Pages 163-171
Microbial influence on gene-for-gene interactions in legume-Rhizobium symbioses....Pages 173-180
Extracellular polysaccharide-deficient mutants of Rhizobium strain CIAT899 induce chlorosis in beans....Pages 183-183
Rhizosphere interactions between rhizobia and nonlegumes....Pages 184-184
Photosynthetic N 2 -fixing Rhizobia....Pages 185-185
Physiological comparisons between root and stem nodules of Aeschynomene scabra and Sesbania rostrata ....Pages 186-186
Isolation and characterization of cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ) lectin....Pages 187-187
Rapid plate assay for hydrolytic enzymes of Rhizobium....Pages 188-188
Evaluation of Rhizobium meliloti strains indigenous to Sonoran Desert soils by plasmid profile and intrinsic antibiotic resistance....Pages 189-189
Front Matter....Pages 121-121
Enhancing rhizobial colonization in the rhizosphere of legumes by a systemic fungicide....Pages 190-190
Mapping and subcloning of genes involved in nodulation competitiveness from Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii T24....Pages 191-191
Competition for nodulation of soybean by Bradyrhizobium japonicum 123 and 138 in Missouri soil....Pages 192-192
Effect of acidified soil on symbiosis in soybeans....Pages 193-193
Distribution of P metabolites and compartmentation in soybean nodules as studied by electron microscopy and 31 P NMR spectroscopy....Pages 194-194
Front Matter....Pages 195-195
Exudate molecules initiating fungal responses to seeds and roots....Pages 197-209
Beneficial and deleterious effects of HCN-producing pseudomonads on rhizosphere interactions....Pages 211-219
Induction of rhizosphere competence in the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma....Pages 221-228
Mechanisms of biocontrol of soil-borne plant pathogens by Rhizobacteria....Pages 229-236
Biocontrol of soilborne plant pathogens with fungi....Pages 237-243
Role of antibiotics and siderophores in biocontrol of take-all disease of wheat....Pages 245-251
Factors influencing siderophore-mediated biocontrol activity of rhizosphere Pseudomonas spp.....Pages 253-261
Rhizosphere interactions and siderophores....Pages 263-269
Genetics of iron transport in plant growth-promoting Pseudomonas putida WCS358....Pages 271-278
Formulation and delivery systems of biocontrol agents with emphasis on fungi....Pages 279-287
Formulation, delivery systems and marketing of biocontrol agents and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)....Pages 289-295
Effect of a fluorescent-pigment producing Rhizobium on the severity of Rhizoctonia solani seed and root rot of Phaseolus vulgaris ....Pages 299-299
Role of ammonia and calcium in lysis of zoospores of Phytophthora spp. by Bacillus cereus strain UW85....Pages 300-300
Deleterious rhizobacteria for biocontrol of weed seeds and seedlings in soil....Pages 301-301
An improved, in vitro technique for rapidly assaying rhizosphere bacteria for the production of compounds inhibitory to Rhizoctonia solani and Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici ....Pages 302-303
Front Matter....Pages 195-195
Improved rhizosphere competence of Trichoderma harzianum by protoplast fusion....Pages 304-304
Sick pathogens make poor pests in biological control of corn diseases....Pages 305-305
Mutational changes in the O-antigenic side chains of the lipopolysaccharides of Pseudomonas spp. affect colonization of but not adhesion to potato roots....Pages 306-306
Fungal antagonists of Pythium ultimum from a suppressive Sphagnum peat....Pages 307-307
Siderophore-producing bacteria isolated from roots of iron-efficient and inefficient grasses....Pages 308-308
Production of siderophore-like iron chelators by ericoid and ectomycorrhizal fungi....Pages 309-309
Genetic improvement of siderophore production aimed at enhancing biocontrol in Pseudomonas strains....Pages 310-310
Bioinorganic and bio-organic studies of rhizobactin, a structurally novel siderophore related to the opines....Pages 311-311
Uptake of Bradyrhizobium japonicum siderophores by soybean cells in culture....Pages 312-312
Front Matter....Pages 313-313
Plant growth promotion mediated by bacterial rhizosphere colonizers....Pages 315-326
Microbial production of plant hormones....Pages 327-334
Characterization and use of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in agricultural production systems....Pages 335-342
Mycorrhizal interactions in the rhizosphere....Pages 343-348
Agro-ecological aspects of the mycorrhizal, nitrogen-fixing legume symbiosis....Pages 349-354
Field management of VA mycorrhizal fungi....Pages 355-362
Characterization of cultivar specific growth promotion of spring wheat by Bacillus sp....Pages 365-365
Effect of Bacillus strains on growth of pine ( Pinus contorta Dougl.), spruce ( Picea glauca Voss.), and Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb. Franco)....Pages 366-366
Sulfur oxidizing microorganisms for growth promotion of canola....Pages 367-367
Microbe enhanced P uptake by corn under no till and conventional till....Pages 368-368
Exposure of Phleum pratense to SO 2 and its subsequent effect on VAM root infectivity....Pages 369-369
Front Matter....Pages 313-313
Promotion of maize growth by legume soil factors....Pages 370-370
Variation in VA mycorrhizal strain interactions with Rhizobium on pigeon pea....Pages 371-372
Use of histochemical techniques to quantify mass /activity relations of mycorrhizal roots and soil....Pages 373-373
Genetic transformation of protoplasts from an ectomycorrhizal fungus....Pages 374-374
Response of two Acacia species to drought and inoculation with an ectomycorrhizal fungus....Pages 375-375
Specific interactions of Bradyrhizobium and four VA-mycorrhizal isolates in soybean....Pages 376-376
Ozone-induced alteration of biomass allocation and nitrogen derived from air in the leguminous plant-Rhizobium-VAM system....Pages 377-377
Strategy for inoculating nursery-grown sea oats with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi....Pages 378-378
Evaluation of the effects of biocontrol agents on mycorrhizal fungi....Pages 379-379
A misting apparatus for studying plant-microbe interactions and nutrient utilization....Pages 380-380
Increasing VA-mycorrhization with applications of rhizosphere bacteria....Pages 381-381
Mycorrhizal fungi increase yields of winter wheat....Pages 382-382
Back Matter....Pages 383-386