The Resurrection Of The Son Of God

Preface......Page 10
PART I   Setting the Scene......Page 15
1.   Introduction: The Target......Page 17
(i) Shooting at the Sun......Page 21
(a) The Senses of ‘History’......Page 22
(b) No Access?......Page 24
(c) No Analogy?......Page 25
(d) No Real Evidence?......Page 26
(a) No Other Starting-Point?......Page 27
(b) Resurrection and Christology......Page 29
(c) Resurrection and Eschatology......Page 31
3.  The Historical Starting-Point......Page 32
1.   Introduction......Page 35
(ii) Witless Shadows in a Murky World?......Page 38
(iii) Disembodied but Otherwise Fairly Normal?......Page 41
(iv) Souls Released from Prison?......Page 43
(v) Becoming a God (or at least a Star)?......Page 47
(ii) Eating with the Dead......Page 50
(iii) Spirits, Souls and Ghosts......Page 51
(iv) Returning from the Underworld......Page 52
(v) Cheating Death: The Scheintod Motif in Novels......Page 54
(vi) Translated to Be With the Gods......Page 58
(vii) Transmigration of Souls......Page 59
(viii) Dying and Rising Gods......Page 60
4.   Conclusion: The One-Way Street......Page 61
1.   Introduction......Page 64
(i) Next to Nothingness......Page 65
(ii) Disturbing the Dead......Page 68
(iii) The Unexplained Exceptions......Page 69
(iv) The Land of No Return......Page 70
(v) The Nature and Ground of Hope......Page 72
(i) Introduction......Page 74
(ii) Delivered from Sheol?......Page 75
(iii) Glory after Suffering?......Page 76
(i) Introduction......Page 77
(ii) Daniel 12: The Sleepers Wake, the Wise Shine......Page 78
(iii) The Servant and the Dust-Dwellers: Isaiah......Page 81
(v) Dry Bones and God’s Breath: Ezekiel......Page 83
(vi) Resurrection and the Hope of Israel......Page 84
5.   Conclusion......Page 88
1.   Introduction: The Spectrum......Page 89
2.   No Future Life, or None to Speak of: The Sadducees......Page 90
3.   Blessed (and Disembodied) Immortality......Page 95
(i) Introduction......Page 98
(ii) Resurrection in the Bible: The More Greek the Better......Page 99
(iii) New Life for the Martyrs: 2 Maccabees......Page 101
(iv) Judgment and Life in God’s New World: Resurrection and Apocalyptic......Page 103
(v) Resurrection as the Vindication of the Suffering Wise: The Wisdom of Solomon......Page 108
(vi) Resurrection, in Other Words: Josephus......Page 115
(vii) Resurrection at Qumran?......Page 118
(viii) Pseudo-Philo, Biblical Antiquities......Page 122
(ix) Pharisees, Rabbis and Targumim......Page 123
5.   Resurrection in Ancient Judaism: Conclusion......Page 130
PART II   Resurrection in Paul......Page 134
1.   Introduction: The Early Christian Hope......Page 136
2.   1 and 2 Thessalonians......Page 139
3.   Galatians......Page 143
4.   Philippians......Page 147
5.   Ephesians and Colossians......Page 153
(ii) Romans 1–4......Page 157
(iii) Romans 5–8......Page 162
(iv) Romans 9–11......Page 169
(v) Romans 12–16......Page 171
8.   Interlude: The Pastoral Epistles......Page 174
9.   Paul (outside the Corinthian Correspondence): Conclusion......Page 178
1.   Introduction: The Problem......Page 182
(i) Introduction......Page 183
(ii) 1 Corinthians 1–4: God’s Wisdom, God’s Power, God’s Future......Page 184
(iii) 1 Corinthians 5–6: Sex, Lawyers and Judgment......Page 188
(iv) 1 Corinthians 7: Marriage......Page 191
(v)   1 Corinthians 8–10: Idols, Food, Monotheism and Apostolic Freedom......Page 192
(vi) 1 Corinthians 11–14: Worship and Love......Page 193
(i) Introduction......Page 195
(ii) 2 Corinthians 1–2: Suffering and Comfort......Page 197
(iii) 2 Corinthians 3:1–6:13: the Apostolic Apologia......Page 199
(v) 2 Corinthians 10–13: Weakness and Power......Page 202
4.   Conclusion: Resurrection at Corinth......Page 203
(i) Introduction......Page 205
(ii) 1 Corinthians 15:1–11......Page 208
(a) Introduction......Page 216
(b) 1 Corinthians 15:12–19......Page 217
(c) 1 Corinthians 15:20–28......Page 218
(iv) 1 Corinthians 15:29–34......Page 221
(a) Introduction......Page 222
(b) 1 Corinthians 15:35–41......Page 224
(c) 1 Corinthians 15:42–9......Page 226
(vi) 1 Corinthians 15:50–58......Page 232
(vii) 1 Corinthians 15: Conclusion......Page 234
(i) Introduction......Page 235
(ii) 2 Corinthians 4:7–15......Page 236
(iii) 2 Corinthians 4:16–5:5......Page 237
(iv) 2 Corinthians 5:6–10......Page 240
(v) Conclusion......Page 241
3.   Conclusion: Resurrection in Paul......Page 242
1.   Introduction......Page 244
(i) Galatians 1:11–17......Page 246
(ii) 1 Corinthians 9:1......Page 247
(iii) 1 Corinthians 15:8–11......Page 248
(iv) 2 Corinthians 4:6......Page 249
(v) 2 Corinthians 12:1–4......Page 250
3.   Paul’s Conversion/Call in Acts......Page 251
4.   Conversion and Christology......Page 255
5.   Conclusion......Page 258
(Apart from Paul)......Page 259
1.   Introduction......Page 261
(i) Healing......Page 262
(ii) Challenge......Page 263
(iii) The Future Vindication of Jesus......Page 265
(a) Herod......Page 267
(b) The Disciples’ Perplexity......Page 268
(a) Introduction......Page 269
(b) No Marriage in the Resurrection......Page 272
(c) God of the Living......Page 274
(d) Patriarchs, Exodus and Kingdom......Page 276
3.   Resurrection in the Matthew/Luke Material (Sometimes Known as ‘Q’)......Page 278
4.   Resurrection in Matthew......Page 281
5.   Resurrection in Luke......Page 282
6.   Resurrection in John......Page 284
7.   Resurrection in the Gospels: Conclusion......Page 290
2.   Acts......Page 291
3.   Hebrews......Page 295
4.   The General Letters......Page 298
5.   Revelation......Page 303
6.   Conclusion: Resurrection in the New Testament......Page 307
(i) 1 Clement......Page 309
(ii) 2 Clement......Page 310
(iii) Ignatius of Antioch......Page 311
(iv) Polycarp: Letter and Martyrdom......Page 312
(v) The Didache......Page 313
(vii) The Shepherd of Hermas......Page 314
(viii) Papias......Page 315
(i) Introduction......Page 316
(ii) The Ascension of Isaiah......Page 317
(iv) 5 Ezra......Page 318
(i) Justin Martyr......Page 319
(ii) Athenagoras......Page 321
(iii) Theophilus......Page 323
(iv) Minucius Felix......Page 324
(i) Tertullian......Page 325
(ii) Irenaeus......Page 327
(iv) Origen......Page 330
(ii) The Odes of Solomon......Page 336
(iii) Tatian......Page 338
(i) Introduction......Page 339
(ii) The Gospel of Thomas......Page 340
(iii) Other Thomas Literature......Page 341
(iv) The Epistle to Rheginos......Page 342
(v) The Gospel of Philip......Page 344
(vi) Other Nag Hammadi Treatises......Page 345
(vii) The Gospel of the Saviour......Page 346
(viii) Nag Hammadi: Conclusion......Page 347
8.   The Second Century: Conclusion......Page 350
(i) Messiahship in Early Christianity......Page 352
(ii) Messiahship in Judaism......Page 354
(iii) Why Then Call Jesus Messiah?......Page 356
(i) Introduction......Page 358
(ii) Jesus and the Kingdom......Page 360
(iii) Jesus and Caesar......Page 361
(iv) Jesus and YHWH......Page 363
4.   Conclusion: Resurrection within the Early Christian Worldview......Page 368
PART IV   The Story of Easter......Page 372
1.   Introduction......Page 374
(i) Sources and Traditions?......Page 375
(ii) The Gospel of Peter......Page 377
(iii) The Form of the Story......Page 379
(iv) Redaction and Composition?......Page 380
(i) The Strange Silence of the Bible in the Stories......Page 381
(ii) The Strange Absence of Personal Hope in the Stories......Page 383
(iii) The Strange Portrait of Jesus in the Stories......Page 384
(iv) The Strange Presence of the Women in the Stories......Page 386
4.   The Historical Options......Page 387
1.   Introduction......Page 392
2.   The Ending......Page 393
3.   From Story to History......Page 397
4.   Easter Day from Mark’s Point of View......Page 399
2.   Ruptured Earth and Rising Corpses......Page 402
3.   The Priests, the Guards and the Bribe......Page 404
4.   Tomb, Angels, First Appearance (28.1–10)......Page 407
5.   On the Mountain in Galilee (28.16–20)......Page 408
6.   Matthew and the Resurrection: Conclusion......Page 409
1.   Introduction......Page 411
2.   Luke 24 and Acts 1 within Luke’s Work as a Whole......Page 412
3.   The Unique Event......Page 417
5.   Luke and the Resurrection: Conclusion......Page 419
1.   Introduction......Page 421
2.   John 20 within the Gospel as a Whole......Page 423
3.   The Contribution of John 21......Page 429
4.   The Gospel Easter Stories: Conclusion......Page 431
PART V   Belief, Event and Meaning......Page 434
2.   The Tomb and the Meetings......Page 436
(i) ‘Cognitive Dissonance’......Page 443
(ii) A New Experience of Grace......Page 446
4.   The Necessary Condition......Page 449
5.   The Historical Challenge of Jesus’ Resurrection......Page 451
1.   Worldview, Meaning and Theology......Page 458
(i) Introduction......Page 461
(ii) Resurrection and Messiahship......Page 462
(iii) Resurrection and World Lordship......Page 464
(iv) Resurrection and the Question of God......Page 466
3.   Shooting at the Sun?......Page 469
Bibliography......Page 471
2.   Primary Sources......Page 472
3.   Secondary Sources, etc.......Page 474
3.   Other Early Christian and Related Texts......Page 476
4.   Pagan Texts......Page 477
B    Secondary Literature......Page 480
Indexes......Page 499
1.   Old Testament......Page 500
2.   Apocrypha......Page 513
3.   Pseudepigrapha......Page 517
5.   Josephus......Page 520
6.   Philo......Page 521
7.   Rabbinic Works......Page 522
8.   New Testament......Page 526
9.   Christian and/or Gnostic Works......Page 560
10.  Greco-Roman Texts......Page 570
12.  Egyptian Texts......Page 582
Index of Modern Authors......Page 583
Index of Selected Topics......Page 593