The Reproductive System at a Glance

Cover
Title page
Copyright page
Contents
Preface
Table and figure acknowledgements
About the companion website
Part 1: Normal human reproduction
	1: The pituitary gland and gonadotropins
		Pituitary structure and function
		Structure of LH and FSH
		Regulation of FSH and LH
		Mechanism of action of gonadotropins
	2: Steroid hormone biosynthesis
		Cholesterol and the steroid production pathway
		Sites of production
			Ovary
			Testes
			Adrenals
	3: Steroid hormone mechanism of action and metabolism
		Mechanisms of steroid action
		Agonists and antagonists
		Steroids in the circulation
		Steroid metabolism
		Steroid excretion
	4: Reproductive genetics
		Chromosomes
		Mitosis and meiosis
		Non-disjunction
		Imprinting
	5: Gonadal development in the embryo
		Role of sex chromatin in reproductive development
		Gonadal differentiation
	6: Phenotypic sex differentiation
		Internal genitalia
		External genitalia
	7: Gross anatomy of the male reproductive tract
		Testes and epididymis
		Vas (ductus) deferens and seminal vesicles
		Prostate gland
		Penis
	8: Microscopic anatomy of the male reproductive tract
		Testes
		Epididymis and vas (ductus) deferens
		Seminal vesicles
		Prostate gland
		Penis
	9: Gross anatomy of the female reproductive tract
		Ovaries
		Fallopian tubes
		Uterus
		Vagina
		Vulva
	10: Microscopic anatomy of the female reproductive tract
		Ovary
		Fallopian tube
		Uterus
		Cervix and vagina
	11: Puberty in boys
		Physical changes of puberty
		Adrenarche
		Testicular maturation
		Secondary sexual characteristics
		Somatic growth
	12: Puberty in girls
		Physical changes of puberty
		Adrenarche
		Breast development (thelarche)
		Secondary sexual characteristics
		Somatic growth
		Menarche
	13: Male reproductive physiology
		Erection, emission and ejaculation
		Hormonal control of spermatogenesis
		Leydig cell function
		Regulation of gonadotropin secretion in males
	14: The menstrual cycle
		Follicular phase
		Ovulatory phase
		Luteal phase
		Menstrual phase
	15: Human sexual response
		Phases of the sexual response
		Male sexual response
		Female sexual response
	16: Fertilization and the establishment of pregnancy
		The egg
		The sperm
		Fertilization
		Establishment of pregnancy
	17: Placental structure and function
		Placental morphology
		Placental immunology
		Placental function
	18: The protein hormones of pregnancy
		Placental production of protein hormones
		Human chorionic gonadotropin
		Human placental lactogen
		Other hormones
		Maternal production of protein hormones
	19: The steroid hormones of pregnancy
		Progesterone
		Estrogens
		Fetal adrenal physiology
		Maternal adrenal function and salt metabolism
	20: Maternal adaptations to pregnancy: I
		Cardiovascular system
		Respiratory system
		Kidney and urinary tract
		Hematologic system
		Skin
	21: Maternal adaptations to pregnancy: II
		Thyroid gland
		Gastrointestinal tract
		Nutritional requirements of pregnancy
		Immune system
	22: Labor
		Phases of labor
		Initiation of labor
	23: The breast and lactation
		Development of the breast
		Milk formation
		Regulation of milk production
		The lactation reflex
	24: Menopause
		Physiology of menopause
		Signs and symptoms
			Hot flashes
			Bone changes
			Cardiovascular changes
	25: Contraception
		“Natural” family planning
		Barrier methods
		Spermicides
		Intrauterine devices
		Hormonal contraception
		Sterilization
Part 2: Human reproductive disorders
	26: Abnormalities of male sexual differentiation and development
		Cryptorchidism
		Hypospadias
		Congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens
		Microorchidism
		Pseudohermaphroditism
			Androgen insensitivity syndromes
			5α-reductase deficiency
			Congenital adrenal hyperplasia syndromes
			Gender assignment
	27: Abnormalities of female sexual differentiation and development
		Structural anomalies
		Exposure to diethylstilbestrol
		Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
		Turner syndrome
	28: Precocious puberty
		True or complete precocious puberty
		Incomplete isosexual precocity
		Iatrogenic sexual precocity
		Virilizing precocious puberty in girls
		Feminizing precocious puberty in boys
	29: Delayed or absent puberty
		Constitutional pubertal delay
		Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
		Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism
	30: Primary amenorrhea
		Etiologies of primary amenorrhea
	31: Secondary amenorrhea
	32: Hyperprolactinemia
		Regulation of prolactin secretion
		Physiologic hyperprolactinemia
		Pharmacologic hyperprolactinemia
		Pathologic hyperprolactinemia
		Galactorrhea
	33: Sexual dysfunction
		Sexual desire disorders
		Erectile dysfunction (impotence)
		Premature ejaculation
		Retrograde ejaculation
		Dyspareunia
		Vaginismus
	34: Infertility
		Oocyte abnormalities
		Female anatomic abnormalities
		Male factors
		Implantation abnormalities
		Other factors
		Evaluation and treatment of infertility
	35: Multifetal pregnancy
		Biology of monozygotic twinning
		Etiology of dizygotic twins
		Pregnancy risks with multiple gestations
	36: Spontaneous pregnancy loss
		Ectopic pregnancy
		Miscarriage
		Recurrent pregnancy loss
		Stillbirth
	37: Labor abnormalities
		Preterm labor
			Potential mechanisms for preterm labor
			Pharmacologic interventions
		Postterm pregnancy
		Placental abnormalities
		Abnormal fetal lie and presentation
	38: Pre-eclampsia
		Clinical spectrum of pre-eclampsia
		Potential mechanisms in pre-eclampsia pathogenesis
	39: Benign and malignant diseases of the breast
		Common benign breast diseases
		Breast cancer
		Epidemiology of breast cancer
		Familial breast cancer
		Molecular biology of sporadic (nonfamilial) breast cancer
	40: Testicular tumors
		Epidemiology of GCT
		Molecular biology of GCT
	41: Diseases of the prostate
		Benign prostatic hyperplasia
			Epidemiology and symptoms
			Pathogenesis
			Treatment of BPH and LUTS
		Prostate cancer
			Epidemiology
			Pathogenesis
			Treatment
	42: Ovarian neoplasms
		Benign neoplasms of the ovary
		Ovarian cancers
		Epidemiology of epithelial ovarian cancer
		Familial ovarian cancer
		Pathogenesis of nonfamilial epithelial ovarian cancer
		Other ovarian malignancies
	43: Endometrial cancer
		Epidemiology of endometrial cancer
		Steroid hormones and endometrial cancer
		Molecular biology of endometrial cancer
		Endometrial hyperplasia
	44: Cervical cancer
		Epidemiology of cervical cancer
		Pathogenesis of squamous cell neoplasia of the cervix
		Screening tests for cervical cancer
		Prophylactic HPV vaccination
		Cervical adenocarcinoma
	45: Genetic imprinting and reproductive tract tumors
		Imprinting
		Gestational trophoblastic disease
			Complete hydatidiform mole
			Partial hydatidiform mole
			Persistent and metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease
		Dermoid tumors
		GCTs of the testis
	46: Sexually transmitted diseases of bacterial origin
		Gonorrhea
			Epidemiology of gonorrhea
			Biology of N. gonorrhoeae
		Chlamydia
			Epidemiology of chlamydial infection
			Biology of chlamydia
	47: Sexually transmitted diseases of viral origin
		Human papillomavirus
			Epidemiology of HPV
			Biology of human papillomaviruses
		Herpes simplex virus
			Epidemiology of genital HSV infection
			Biology of HSV
			HSV in pregnancy and the neonate
	48: The special cases of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus
		Syphilis
			Natural history of untreated syphilis
			Epidemiology of syphilis
			Biology of T. pallidum
		Human immunodeficiency virus
			Natural history of untreated HIV infections
			Epidemiology of HIV infections
			Biology of HIV
Index