The Psychology of Political Polarization

Cover
Half Title
Series Information
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of contents
Contributors
Chapter 1 The psychology of political polarization: An introduction
	What is political polarization?
	Why study political polarization?
		Political polarization is a paradox
		Political polarization is a problem
		Intolerance
		Motivated reasoning
	Overview of the book
	Note
	References
Section 1 Underlying processes of political polarization
	Chapter 2 When do psychological differences predict political differences?: Engagement and the psychological bases of political polarization
		The psychological bases of political differences
		How (and when) do psychological differences predict political differences?
			Connecting needs, traits, and motives with belief systems
		Engagement and the psychological bases of partisan and ideological differences
		Engagement and the psychological bases of issue-attitude formation
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgment
		Note
		References
	Chapter 3 The political mindset of supporters of radical and populist parties
		Polarization in psychological literature
		The Catastrophe Model of radicalism and extremism
		Radicalization and issue position polarization
		Populist ideology does not equal populist ideological attitude
		Populism as an ideological attitude: old wine in a new bottle
		The new political alignments in citizens’ mind
		Political cynicism on the rescue for democracy?
		Polarization needs to be overcome, indeed
		Conclusion
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 4 A psychological profile of extreme Trump supporters
		Tribalism
			Prejudice
				Scientific evidence
			Ingroup favoritism
				Scientific evidence
			Bloodlust
				Scientific evidence
		The information bubble
			Scientific evidence
		Material self-interest
			Scientific evidence
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 5 The impact of relational goals on political polarization
		The foundational nature of relational goals
		Relational verification of political attitudes and beliefs
		Ideological differences in relational goals
		Ideological differences in perceived attitude similarity
		Ideological differences in actual attitude similarity
		Psychological strategies for overcoming the consequences of political polarization
		Concluding remarks
		References
Section 2 The social context of political polarization
	Chapter 6 Support for populist parties: Economic deprivation, cultural backlash, or status anxiety?
		Economic deprivation
		Cultural backlash
		Status anxiety and the wealth paradox
		Processes underlying status anxiety
		In conclusion
		Acknowledgment
		Note
		References
	Chapter 7 The agreement paradox: How pressures to agree with others ultimately cause more societal division
		Why is American society deeply divided?
		The agreement paradox: how pressures for agreement produce disagreement
		Cracks in the foundation of consensus: reactance and informational contamination
			Reactance
			Informational contamination
		Evidence consistent with the agreement paradox
			Business decisions
		Political correctness norms: influence on stereotype communication and the rise of Donald Trump
			Laboratory scenarios on negative group communication
			The emergence of anti-PC public figures: the case of Donald Trump
		Sustainability-supporting laws: the curious lack of influence of scientific agreement about climate change
		Are certain types of people more prone to the paradox? The case of authoritarianism
			Studies 1a–d
				Participants
			Measures
				RWA/LWA
				Divisive outcome measures
				Control measures
		Studies 1a–d: results and discussion
		Study 2: methods, results, and discussion
		Implications of the agreement paradox: how do we build agreement that lasts?
			Pressure only as much as you have to, persuade as much as you can
		Concluding thoughts
		Notes
		References
	Chapter 8 Converging moral views in social networks and their impact on protest violence
		Moral convergence in social networks
		Moralization and protest violence
		Moral convergence and protest violence
		Implications
		References
	Chapter 9 Can the partisan divide in climate change attitudes be bridged?: A review of experimental interventions
		Alternative climate facts
			Interventions targeting emotions
			Negative emotions
			Positive emotions
			What works, and for whom?
		Psychological distance
			What works, and for whom?
		Scientific consensus
			What works, and for whom?
		Policy framing
			Emphasis frames
			Source frames
			What works, and for whom?
		Other interventions
			Health
			Morality
			Economy and national security
		Summary: what interventions work, and for whom?
		References
Index