The Politics of United States Foreign Policy , Fifth Edition

Front Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 17
PART I: INTRODUCTION......Page 31
CHAPTER 1 THE POLITICS OF U.S. FOREIGN POLICY......Page 32
The Relevance and Significance of Foreign Policy......Page 33
The Concept and Nature of Foreign Policy......Page 34
The Study of U.S. Foreign Policy......Page 37
The Analytical Framework......Page 38
Politics and Uncertainty in the Twenty-First Century......Page 42
CHAPTER 2 HISTORICAL CONTEXT AND THE FUTURE OF U.S. GLOBAL POWER......Page 44
The Historical Myth of Isolationism......Page 45
The Continental Era......Page 48
The Regional Era......Page 54
The Global Era......Page 57
The George W. Bush Administration and September 11......Page 65
The Barack Obama Administration and the Global Economic Downturn......Page 66
Globalization, American Power, and the Twenty-First Century......Page 69
Is the Twenty-First Century the American Century?......Page 77
PART II: GOVERNMENT AND THE POLICYMAKING PROCESS......Page 85
CHAPTER 3 PRESIDENTIAL POWER AND LEADERSHIP......Page 86
The Paradox of Presidential Power......Page 87
The Patterns of the Paradox......Page 94
The Problem of Presidential Governance......Page 96
The Importance of Presidential Leadership......Page 102
Presidential Power in Foreign Policy......Page 104
Post–Cold War Opportunities and Risks......Page 114
Summary and Challenges of the Post–Cold War World......Page 122
CHAPTER 4 THE BUREAUCRACY, PRESIDENTIAL MANAGEMENT, AND THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL......Page 125
A Huge and Complex Foreign Policy Bureaucracy......Page 126
Presidential Management......Page 129
The National Security Council System......Page 138
Presidential Management Styles and the Role of the NSC System......Page 141
The NSC and Presidential Management Types in Perspective......Page 154
CHAPTER 5 UNDERSTANDING BUREAUCRACY: THE STATE DEPARTMENT AT HOME AND ABROAD......Page 157
The Context of the Decline of State\'s Historic Role......Page 158
State\'s Functions Over Time......Page 160
Bureaucratic Organization and Structure......Page 162
USAID: Affiliated Yet Autonomous......Page 170
Public Diplomacy: A Difficult Affiliation......Page 172
The Foreign Service Subculture......Page 174
Consequences for Presidential Reliance on State......Page 179
The Future?......Page 185
CHAPTER 6 THE MILITARY ESTABLISHMENT......Page 188
The Historical U.S. Military......Page 189
The Post–WWII Modern Military Establishment Up to the 1980s......Page 190
The Post–Goldwater-Nichols Military......Page 204
The Military Since 9/11 and the Iraq War......Page 212
How Much Is Enough and for What?......Page 218
Purpose and Activities of Intelligence......Page 224
The Major Intelligence Organizations......Page 227
Historical Development of a Large, Complex Community......Page 231
Patterns in the Intelligence Process......Page 232
The Central Intelligence Agency and Covert Operations......Page 246
The Future of Intelligence and the Dilemmas of Democratic Governance?......Page 258
CHAPTER 8 FOREIGN ECONOMICS AND THE NEC......Page 261
U.S. Foreign Economic Policy in Historical Context......Page 262
Globalization, Interdependence, and Contemporary Economic Involvement......Page 263
Relevant Governmental Institutions......Page 268
Coordination Efforts and Challenges......Page 271
Clinton and the National Economic Council......Page 273
Policymaking Under George W. Bush......Page 280
Obama and the \"Great Recession\"......Page 281
The Future of the NEC and Foreign Economics......Page 286
CHAPTER 9 DECISIONMAKING THEORY AND FOREIGN POLICYMAKING......Page 289
Context: Patterns and Policymaking Stages......Page 290
Decisionmaking Models......Page 291
Two General Policymaking Levels......Page 305
The Role of Personality, Beliefs, and Crises......Page 308
The Complex Reality of Policymaking......Page 318
CHAPTER 10 CONGRESS AND INTERBRANCH POLITICS......Page 321
The Context of Congressional Foreign Policymaking......Page 322
Congressional Behavior in Four Policy Areas......Page 341
Congress and the Politics of Foreign Policy......Page 352
PART III: THE SOCIETY AND DOMESTIC POLITICS......Page 357
The Impact of the Public......Page 358
Public Opinion......Page 361
Political Ideology and Foreign Policy Orientations......Page 368
Political Culture and American National Style......Page 380
Summary: Patterns in Beliefs and Foreign Policymaking......Page 389
CHAPTER 12 ELECTORAL POLITICS......Page 392
Presidential Election Surprises......Page 393
Political Parties and the Electoral Process......Page 394
Electoral Patterns Over Time......Page 395
Contemporary Electoral and Campaign Politics......Page 402
Foreign Policy Implications......Page 409
CHAPTER 13 GROUP POLITICS......Page 414
Social Movements, Group Origins, and Development......Page 415
Influence Strategies in Group Politics......Page 417
Group Politics During the Cold War......Page 418
The Rise of Movements of the Left and the Right......Page 429
Group Politics Since Vietnam to the Present......Page 431
Group Politics in the Future......Page 446
The Conventional Wisdoms and the Complex Reality......Page 448
The Selectivity and Medium of Contemporary News Coverage......Page 450
Foreign Policy Coverage Since World War II......Page 454
Explaining News Media Coverage......Page 456
The Entertainment Media......Page 473
Promoting Public Knowledge and Democratic Citizenship?......Page 478
PART IV: CONCLUSION......Page 481
CHAPTER 15 PATTERNS, CHANGE AND THE FUTURE OF U.S. FOREIGN POLICYMAKING......Page 482
Competing Theoretical Models......Page 483
The Making of Foreign Policy Since World War II......Page 487
Foreign Policy Change......Page 496
9/11, The Global Recession, and the Future......Page 499
References......Page 503
Index......Page 529