The Politics of Truth and Reconciliation in South Africa: Legitimizing the Post-Apartheid State

Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Series title......Page 5
Title......Page 9
Copyright......Page 10
Dedication......Page 11
Contents......Page 13
Figures and tables......Page 14
Cases......Page 16
Acknowledgments......Page 18
Abbreviations......Page 20
1 Introduction......Page 23
The setting for regulatory lawyers......Page 26
Lawyers in the machinery of law......Page 29
Making the law work/lawyers as grease......Page 30
Frustrating democratic aspirations/lawyers as friction......Page 33
Lawyers and the complexity of regulatory politics......Page 35
Adversaries in focus: occupational safety and health and a century of conflict......Page 39
Beyond American shores......Page 45
Organization of chapters......Page 49
2 The contours of a regulatory bar......Page 51
The organization of the OSHA bar......Page 52
Location and size of practices......Page 62
Social background: age......Page 65
Social background: sex and race......Page 66
Social background: religion......Page 67
Social background: political party affiliation......Page 69
Socialization to the law: law school......Page 70
Socialization to OSHA law: career experiences......Page 72
Conclusion......Page 74
3 Administrative rulemaking......Page 76
OSHA rulemaking in overview......Page 77
Who uses lawyers?......Page 81
When are lawyers hired?......Page 89
What do clients want?......Page 92
Patrolling the record: rulemaking as preparation for litigation......Page 98
Written submissions......Page 102
Rulemaking hearings......Page 111
Conclusion......Page 116
4 Rulemaking litigation......Page 118
Strategic suits and settlements......Page 119
Protecting clients’ interests: internal motivations for suits......Page 120
Protecting clients’ interests: anticipating settlement......Page 123
Protecting clients’ interests: anticipating the courtroom......Page 129
The Lockout/Tagout rulemaking......Page 134
The Edison Electric Institute: keeping the agency at bay......Page 136
The American Petroleum Institute: desperation diplomacy......Page 139
The National Association of Manufacturers: late arrivals to the dance......Page 143
Lessons learned......Page 146
Lawyers and the search for consensual rulemaking......Page 148
Conclusion......Page 156
5 Enforcement......Page 159
Divided ground: participants and process......Page 160
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration......Page 161
The Solicitor’s Office of the Department of Labor......Page 162
The Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission......Page 164
Employees and labor unions......Page 166
Congress......Page 167
Clients under investigation......Page 168
Subject to an investigation: the call to counsel......Page 171
Know thy enemy: expectations and reputations......Page 177
Styles of lawyering in regulatory enforcement......Page 181
Lawyers and settlement in regulatory enforcement......Page 188
Pressure: leading issues in enforcement disputes......Page 189
The path to success: points of resolution......Page 195
Conclusion......Page 205
6 Regulatory counseling......Page 208
Of professional norms and legal ethics......Page 209
Attorneys and OSHA counseling......Page 211
Ignorance and sophistication among clients......Page 212
Prophets of the law......Page 218
Counseling for inspection preparedness......Page 225
Measures of success......Page 227
Conclusion......Page 230
7 Conclusion......Page 232
Lawyers as interest representatives......Page 233
Making politics, making law......Page 239
Appendix 1 Research methods......Page 245
Interview data......Page 246
Written survey data......Page 247
Archival records and agency data......Page 249
I. Description of practice......Page 251
II. Background information......Page 254
III. OSHA enforcement and counseling experience......Page 255
IV. OSHA Policy and Rulemaking Experience......Page 257
V. Important issues for OSHA practitioners......Page 259
1 Introduction......Page 262
2 The contours of a regulatory bar......Page 268
3 Administrative rulemaking......Page 271
4 Rulemaking litigation......Page 276
5 Enforcement......Page 284
6 Regulatory counseling......Page 290
7 Conclusion......Page 293
Appendix 1 Research methods......Page 294
Bibliography......Page 295
Federal Register documents......Page 311
Newspapers and Industry Reporters......Page 312
Index......Page 313