The Political Uses of Expert Knowledge: Immigration Policy and Social Research

Half-title......Page 3
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Tables......Page 8
Acknowledgements......Page 9
Part I The political functions of knowledge......Page 11
1 The puzzle: explaining the uses of knowledge......Page 13
Prevailing theories......Page 18
Some theses on the alternative functions of knowledge......Page 22
Expert knowledge and immigration policy......Page 24
Research in three administrative organizations......Page 28
Sources......Page 30
Politics and administration......Page 31
What is expert knowledge?......Page 33
Outline of the book......Page 36
2 Instrumental knowledge and organizational legitimacy......Page 39
Assumptions about organizational action......Page 40
Criticisms of the instrumentalist account......Page 42
The Foucauldian account of the political uses of knowledge......Page 46
The organizational institutionalist approach......Page 50
Action organizations and societal impacts......Page 57
Adjusting organizational output......Page 58
Accepting the need for change......Page 59
Effecting change to the environment......Page 63
Using knowledge to adjust societal impacts......Page 65
Conclusion......Page 69
3 The symbolic functions of knowledge......Page 71
Knowledge utilization as a means of expanding power......Page 72
An alternative theory of legitimizing knowledge......Page 75
Decision-making styles and institutional isomorphism......Page 76
Administrative agencies and policy areas......Page 79
The substantiating function of knowledge......Page 82
Political contestation and forms of settlement......Page 84
Technocratic modes of justification, administrative agencies and policy areas......Page 87
Observing types of knowledge use: some indicators......Page 91
Institutional arrangements......Page 93
Research agenda......Page 94
Dissemination and publicity......Page 95
Conclusion......Page 97
4 The use of knowledge in public policy debates......Page 99
Political debate and technocratic modes of justification......Page 100
Three contexts of technocratic policy debate......Page 102
The limitations of substantiating knowledge in political debate......Page 106
Newsworthiness and the 'dumbing down' of politics?......Page 109
Four claims about knowledge in political debate......Page 111
Conclusions......Page 112
Part II The case of immigration policy......Page 115
5 The politics of immigration in Germany and the UK......Page 117
Political debate......Page 118
Press coverage......Page 124
UK debates on labour migration, 2002–4......Page 127
Political debate......Page 128
Press coverage......Page 134
Conclusion......Page 137
6 The British Home Office......Page 140
The Home Office's quest for legitimacy......Page 141
Strategies of legitimation......Page 143
Output and delivery......Page 148
Expert knowledge and delivery......Page 151
Migration policy and the substantiating function of knowledge......Page 152
Mandate and structure of IRSS......Page 154
Research agenda and research use......Page 159
Dissemination and publicity......Page 165
Conclusion......Page 166
7 The German Federal Office for Migration and Refugees......Page 169
Rationality and the state bureaucracy......Page 170
The Federal Office and legitimation......Page 173
Substantiating knowledge in Federal Office policymaking......Page 178
Knowledge to inform organizational output......Page 181
Mandate and structure......Page 185
Research agenda and research use......Page 189
Dissemination and publicity......Page 195
Conclusion......Page 197
8 The European Commission......Page 200
The quest for legitimacy......Page 201
The Directorate-General Justice, Liberty and Security......Page 203
The Commission as a political organization......Page 205
Knowledge as a source of legitimation in the migration policy community......Page 208
A contested policy area......Page 209
Mandate and structure of the European Migration Network......Page 214
Research agenda and research use......Page 219
Dissemination and publicity......Page 223
Conclusion......Page 225
9 Organizations and cultures of expertise......Page 229
Policy research in organizations......Page 230
Implications for knowledge transfer......Page 234
National cultures of expertise?......Page 235
Part III Extending the theory......Page 241
Policy areas and knowledge utilization......Page 243
Policy areas and sources of legitimation......Page 245
Policy areas and the demand for knowledge......Page 250
Beyond instrumental knowledge......Page 257
References......Page 262
Index......Page 278