The Palgrave Handbook Of Psychological Perspectives On Alcohol Consumption

Preface......Page 5
Acknowledgements......Page 9
Contents......Page 10
Notes on Contributors......Page 14
List of Figures......Page 25
List of Tables......Page 27
List of Boxes......Page 28
1: Psychological Perspectives on Alcohol Consumption......Page 29
Why Do People Drink Alcohol?......Page 30
How Is Heavy Episodic Drinking Defined?......Page 32
How Is Low-Risk Drinking Defined?......Page 33
Do Low-Risk Drinking Guidelines Inform Alcohol Consumption?......Page 34
Do People View Drinking Guidelines as Realistic?......Page 35
How Do Psychologists Define Drinking Patterns in Research Studies?......Page 36
Self-Reported Measures of Consumption......Page 38
Biological Measures of Consumption......Page 39
What Is the Purpose of the Handbook?......Page 40
Overview of the Handbook......Page 42
References......Page 46
Section I: Psychological Theories and Predictors......Page 51
Introduction......Page 52
Alcohol Expectancy Theory......Page 53
The Cognitive Model of Binge Drinking......Page 54
Augmenting the Cognitive Model of Binge Drinking with Other Variables......Page 56
Incentive Motivation Model......Page 58
The Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behaviour......Page 60
Observations About Theories Covered in the Chapter......Page 64
Conceptual Overlap in Psychological Theories of Alcohol Consumption......Page 66
Competition Between Theories to Predict Alcohol Consumption......Page 67
Theoretical Integration......Page 68
Selective Testing of Variables......Page 69
Study Design Issues......Page 70
Experimental Evidence for Alcohol Theories......Page 71
Future Research Directions for Psychological Theories of Alcohol Consumption......Page 72
References......Page 73
Introduction......Page 78
Dual Process Models......Page 79
Dual Process Models and Alcohol Use/Misuse......Page 81
Prototypes......Page 82
Willingness......Page 83
Prototype Willingness Model Pathways......Page 84
Prototype Willingness Model and Alcohol Use......Page 85
Intervention Applications of the PWM......Page 89
Further Directions of Measurement Within Dual Process Models......Page 92
Future Directions......Page 95
References......Page 96
Introduction......Page 104
Why Focus on Psychological Constructs as Predictors of Alcohol Consumption?......Page 105
Anticipated Regret......Page 107
Descriptive Norms......Page 108
Drinking Motives......Page 109
Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy......Page 110
Intentions......Page 111
Perceived Behavioural Control......Page 112
Prototype Evaluation and Prototype Similarity......Page 113
Summary of Evidence for Psychological Constructs of Alcohol Consumption......Page 114
Selective Testing of Variables......Page 118
Independence of Constructs......Page 120
Context......Page 121
Timeframe......Page 122
Samples Recruited in Predictive Studies......Page 123
Conclusions......Page 124
References......Page 125
Introduction......Page 132
A Brief History of Personality-Based Alcoholism Typologies......Page 133
Personality Trait Models......Page 136
Approaches to Understanding Links Between Personality and Alcohol Use......Page 140
Etiological Pathways for Alcohol Use and Misuse......Page 145
Personality-Targeted Interventions to Prevent and Reduce Alcohol Use and Misuse......Page 148
Future Research Directions......Page 150
Conclusions......Page 151
References......Page 152
Section II: Social Contextual Factors......Page 159
Introduction......Page 160
The “Bio-” Part of the Biopsychosocial Model......Page 161
The “-Psycho-” Part of the Biopsychosocial Model......Page 162
The “-Social” Part of the Biopsychosocial Model......Page 163
“Drinking Is Our Modern Way of Bonding”......Page 166
“A Culture That You Can’t Escape From”......Page 168
“We’re Doing Something Together”......Page 169
“I’m Trying to Develop a New Social Network”......Page 171
The Importance of Drinking to Social Identity......Page 173
“It’s Almost as If It’s an Actual Advertisement for Drinking!”......Page 174
Addressing Social Context Influences in Efforts to Change Behaviour......Page 175
Conclusion......Page 177
References......Page 178
Introduction......Page 183
The Notion of Culture......Page 184
Drinking Cultures......Page 186
The Typological Tradition......Page 187
Systematic Review of the Drinking Culture Literature......Page 188
Screening Procedures and Data Extraction......Page 189
Study Characteristics......Page 190
Single-Culture Studies......Page 192
Definitions and Typologies of Drinking Cultures......Page 193
Major Themes......Page 194
Micro- and Macro-Level Cultural Analyses......Page 197
Definitional Issues and New Conceptual Models......Page 198
Issues in the Use of Typologies......Page 200
Major Themes......Page 201
References......Page 202
Introduction......Page 209
What Is a Drinking Event?......Page 210
Methodological Approaches to Studying and Intervening During Drinking Events......Page 215
Intervention......Page 218
References......Page 222
Introduction......Page 230
What Do We Mean by Context?......Page 231
The Role of External Contexts in Shaping Alcohol-Related Cognitions and Consumption......Page 232
Environmental Factors and Consumption: Where Does Consumption Take Place?......Page 234
Time of the Week and Consumption: When Does Consumption Take Place?......Page 235
Social Factors and Consumption: Who Is Present When Consumption Takes Place?......Page 236
Within-Person Variability in Mood and Intoxication Can Also Affect Consumption......Page 238
Using Technology: Limitations and Possibilities......Page 240
Conclusion......Page 243
References......Page 244
Introduction......Page 251
What Is Choice Architecture?......Page 252
Choice Architecture Interventions That Use Labels to Indicate “Lower” Alcohol Strength......Page 253
Does Lower Strength Content Labelling Alter Perceptions and Consumption of Products That Are Harmful to Health?......Page 254
Does Lower Strength Alcohol Labelling Affect Perceptions and Consumption of Alcoholic Drinks?......Page 255
Does Current Evidence Support Changes to Existing Policies on Lower Strength Alcohol Labelling?......Page 257
Does Changing Glass Size Influence Drinking Behaviour?......Page 258
Does Changing Glass Shape Influence Drinking Behaviour?......Page 262
Does Current Evidence Support Advocating Changes with Regard to Glass Size and/or Shape?......Page 265
Future Research Directions......Page 266
References......Page 268
Section III: Drinking Identities......Page 275
Introduction......Page 276
Young Adults, Alcohol Consumption and Identities......Page 278
Alcohol Consumption, Social Media and Creating Identities......Page 280
Masculinities and Femininities in Online Drinking Cultures......Page 281
The Shifting Social Media Environment: Multiple and Mobile Platforms......Page 283
The Commercial Nature of Social Media......Page 285
Conclusion......Page 286
References......Page 287
Introduction......Page 294
The Alcohol-Sport Relationship in University and College Sport......Page 295
Cognitive and Motivational Risk Factors......Page 297
Dispositional and Identity-Related Risk Factors......Page 298
Alcohol Expectancies......Page 301
Drinking Motives......Page 302
Social Norms......Page 304
Socio-cultural Risk Factors......Page 305
Interventions Using the Social Norms Approach......Page 306
More Recent Interventional Approaches......Page 308
Future Directions......Page 309
References......Page 310
Introduction......Page 319
What Is Pre-drinking?......Page 320
Motive-Based Measures......Page 322
Motivational and Social Cognition Research......Page 328
Interventions Designed to Target Pre-drinking......Page 331
Limitations and Extensions of Pre-drinking Research......Page 334
Conclusion......Page 336
References......Page 337
Introduction......Page 344
Alcohol-Related Harms: Terminology, Guidelines, and Policies......Page 345
Psychological Components of Managing Intake and Refusing Alcohol......Page 346
Information, Motivation, and Skills Relevant to Guidelines for Low-Risk Drinking......Page 348
Enhancing Capacity to Adhere to Guidelines for Low-Risk Drinking......Page 350
Measurement of Drink Refusal Skills......Page 352
Qualitative Exploration of Drink Refusal Skills......Page 356
Interventions to Enhance Drink Refusal Skills......Page 357
Proposing a Stage-Based Approach to Managing Alcohol Intake......Page 359
References......Page 363
Section IV: Developmental Trajectories for Alcohol Use......Page 368
Introduction......Page 369
Alcohol-Related Knowledge......Page 370
Alcohol-Related Norms and Attitudes Towards Drinkers......Page 371
Alcohol Expectancies......Page 372
Children’s Alcohol Expectancies......Page 374
Acquisition of Alcohol-Related Cognitions: Theoretical Considerations......Page 375
Family/Parental Influences (See Also Chap. 16)......Page 378
Other Considerations......Page 381
Limitations and Future Research Directions......Page 382
References......Page 385
Introduction......Page 392
Limitations with Existing Research on Youth Drinking......Page 393
Cross-Cultural Analyses of Adolescents and Alcohol......Page 395
Early Images of Alcohol......Page 397
First Drinks......Page 400
Adolescents’ Understanding of Acceptable Drinking, Risk and Drunkenness......Page 402
Approaching Adulthood: Perceptions of Adult Drinking......Page 405
Towards a Broader Interpretation of Youth Drinking......Page 408
Conclusion......Page 410
References......Page 411
Alcohol Use in Adolescence......Page 417
Parental Communication About Alcohol......Page 421
How Do Young People Perceive Parental Conversations About Alcohol?......Page 427
Triggers to Conversations......Page 428
Topics Conveyed During Conversations......Page 431
Effectiveness of These Conversations......Page 433
References......Page 437
Introduction......Page 443
Adolescent Alcohol Use......Page 445
Adolescence and Biological, Social, and Psychological Changes......Page 446
Identity......Page 448
Peer Pressure and Approval......Page 450
Wider Social Networks and Group Norms......Page 452
School Connection......Page 453
Social Support......Page 455
References......Page 456
Section V: Interventions to Reduce Alcohol Consumption......Page 464
Introduction......Page 465
Labelling of Consumer Products......Page 466
The Content of Alcohol Products: Energy Labelling......Page 467
The Content of Alcohol Products: Standard Drinks and Low-Risk Drinking Guidelines......Page 468
The Content of Alcohol Products: Optimising the Impact of Labels......Page 471
The Harms Associated with Alcohol Consumption: Health Warning Labels......Page 472
Health Warning Label Message Content and Framing......Page 473
Pictorial Health Warning Labels......Page 475
Individual Differences in Response to Health Warning Labels......Page 476
Barriers to Implementation of Health Warning Labels......Page 478
Alcohol Product Labelling as Part of a Broader Approach......Page 479
Conclusions......Page 480
References......Page 481
Introduction......Page 490
Electronic Brief Alcohol Interventions......Page 491
Personalised Feedback......Page 492
Population......Page 493
Delivery Mode......Page 494
Intervention Content......Page 495
Theoretical Underpinnings......Page 496
Effectiveness of Electronic Brief Alcohol Interventions with Personalised Feedback......Page 497
Challenges Associated with Electronic Brief Alcohol Interventions......Page 501
Future Directions for Research......Page 502
Conclusion......Page 503
References......Page 504
Introduction......Page 512
Psychological Theories of Motivation......Page 513
Designing Theory-Based Interventions to Reduce Alcohol Consumption......Page 514
TPB-Based Interventions......Page 518
Mental Imagery Interventions......Page 519
Self-Affirmation Interventions......Page 521
Implementation Intention Interventions......Page 522
Volitional Help Sheet Interventions......Page 525
Psychological Interventions that Combine Motivation and Planning Strategies......Page 526
Appraising the Evidence......Page 528
Routes Forward: Extending the Evidence Base......Page 530
References......Page 532
Introduction......Page 540
What Are Cognitive Biases and How Do They Originate?......Page 541
Attentional Biases......Page 542
Approach Biases......Page 544
Interpretation Biases......Page 545
Attentional Biases......Page 546
Approach Biases......Page 548
Interpretation Bias......Page 549
Evidence for the Effectiveness of Cognitive Bias Modification Outside of the Laboratory......Page 550
Attentional Bias Modification......Page 551
Approach Bias Modification......Page 552
Inhibitory Control Training......Page 553
Summarising the Evidence for Cognitive Bias Modification......Page 554
Power and Experimental Design Issues in CBM Laboratory Studies......Page 556
Reliability of Tasks Used in CBM Training......Page 557
Conclusion......Page 558
References......Page 559
Introduction......Page 564
Section I: Psychological Theories and Predictors......Page 565
Section II: Social and Contextual Factors......Page 566
Section III: Drinking Identities......Page 568
Section IV: Developmental Trajectories for Alcohol Use......Page 569
Section V: Interventions to Reduce Alcohol Consumption......Page 570
Limitations Linked to Sampling in Alcohol Research......Page 571
Limitations Linked to Design and Methods......Page 573
Limitations Linked to Theories and Determinants......Page 574
Limitations in the Application of Findings and Their Impact......Page 575
Setting an Agenda for Future Research on the Psychology of Alcohol Consumption......Page 576
Those interested in the psychology of alcohol consumption are urged to conduct research with underrepresented communities......Page 577
Greater methodological diversity can enhance psychological perspectives on alcohol consumption......Page 578
A more integrated theoretical approach to the psychology of alcohol consumption is needed......Page 579
Research on the psychology of alcohol consumption needs to make more impact......Page 580
Concluding Comments......Page 581
References......Page 582
Index......Page 589