The Palgrave Handbook of Development Cooperation for Achieving the 2030 Agenda: Contested Collaboration

Preface
Contents
Notes on Contributors
Abbreviations
List of Figures
List of Tables
1 Development Cooperation in the Context of Contested Global Governance
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Coordination and Responsibilities: The Twin Challenges of the SDGs
	1.3 The Policy Field of Development Cooperation
	1.4 Development Cooperation as an Example of Contested Global Governance
	1.5 Structure of the Book
	References
Part I Global Cooperation for Achieving the SDGs
2 Maximising Goal Coherence in Sustainable and Climate-Resilient Development? Polycentricity and Coordination in Governance
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Coherence
	2.3 Coordination
	2.4 Emerging Polycentricity in Sustainable Development and Climate Governance
		2.4.1 Polycentricity in Climate Governance
		2.4.2 Polycentricity in Sustainable Development Governance
	2.5 Polycentric Governance and Coherence
	2.6 Novel Tools for Identifying (In)Coherence
	2.7 Conclusion: Implications for International and National Coordination and International Cooperation
	References
3 Development Finance and the 2030 Goals
	3.1 Introduction
	References
4 Transnational Science Cooperation for Sustainable Development
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Knowledge and Development
		4.2.1 Knowledge for Development: A Tense Relation
	4.3 Transnational Research Cooperation for Sustainable Development
		4.3.1 Science and Sustainable Development
	4.4 Governing Science in the Context of the 2030 Agenda
		4.4.1 German Policies for Science Cooperation Versus Policies for Development Cooperation
		4.4.2 Coherence of German Science Policy and Development Policy
		4.4.3 Global Governance of Science for Sustainable Development
	4.5 Conclusions
	References
Part II Development Cooperation: Narratives and Norms
5 An Evolving Shared Concept of Development Cooperation: Perspectives on the 2030 Agenda
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Analytical Framework
	5.3 The Development Compact
	5.4 A Few Case Studies
		5.4.1 GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance
			5.4.1.1 Objectives and Principles
			5.4.1.2 Funding
			5.4.1.3 Partnership
			5.4.1.4 The Institutional Structure of GAVI
		5.4.2 International Solar Alliance
			5.4.2.1 Objectives and Principles
			5.4.2.2 The Institutional Structure of ISA
			5.4.2.3 Contributions
		5.4.3 UN Peacekeeping
			5.4.3.1 Objectives and Principles
			5.4.3.2 Institutional Structure
			5.4.3.3 Contributions
	5.5 By Way of Conclusion
	References
6 The Globalisation of Foreign Aid: Global Influences and the Diffusion of Aid Priorities
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 The Globalisation of Aid
		6.2.1 Macro-Level Globalisation Processes
		6.2.2 Micro-Level Globalisation Processes
		6.2.3 Why the Globalisation of Aid Matters
	6.3 Implications for the 2030 Agenda
	6.4 The Globalisation of Aid and Contested Cooperation
	References
7 The Untapped Functions of International Cooperation in the Age of Sustainable Development
	7.1 Introduction: An Agenda That Calls for More
	7.2 What Is Development Cooperation? A Functional Approach to External Policies
		7.2.1 The Contested Notion of “Development”
		7.2.2 Development Cooperation: Normative Overcharge and the Risk of Marginalisation
		7.2.3 Time and Again Too Narrow to Cope with New Challenges
		7.2.4 What Is Development Cooperation?
		7.2.5 Untapped Potential: A Functional Reading of the 2030 Agenda’s Means of Implementation
		7.2.6 Lopsided Universality: A Functional Mapping of the Means of Implementation of the 2030 Agenda
		7.2.7 Unfinished Business: “Developed Countries” Are Not Left off the Hook
	7.3 International Cooperation Still Largely Trapped in the Pre-2015 World
		7.3.1 United Nations and Bretton Woods Institutions
		7.3.2 OECD and European Union
		7.3.3 G7 and G20
		7.3.4 Bilateral Cooperation and Relations Between “Developed Countries”
		7.3.5 Conclusion: Towards Mutually Transformative Cooperation in the 2030 World
	Annex
	References
8 The Difficulties of Diffusing the 2030 Agenda: Situated Norm Engagement and Development Organisations
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Situated Norm Engagement
	8.3 Development Organisations and the Diffusion of the SDGs
		8.3.1 Organisational History, Culture, and Structures
		8.3.2 Actor Strategies, Emotions, and Relationships
		8.3.3 Organisational Pressures and Priorities
		8.3.4 Normative Environment and Stakeholders
	8.4 Conclusion
	References
9 Diffusion, Fusion, and Confusion: Development Cooperation in a Multiplex World Order
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Norms, Norm-Diffusion, and Norm Competition: The Case of Norms for Development Cooperation
	9.3 The Mirroring Constitution of Official Development Assistance and South-South Cooperation Norms
	9.4 From Paris to Nairobi: The Emergence of SSC and the Diffusion of the Effectiveness Agenda
	9.5 Busan and Beyond: From Fusion to Confusion
	9.6 Conclusion
	References
10 Conceptualising Ideational Convergence of China and OECD Donors: Coalition Magnets in Development Cooperation
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Theoretical Background: Understanding China’s Rise Through Ideas and Institutions
	10.3 Analytical Framework: Ideas as Coalition Magnets
	10.4 Three Potential Coalition Magnets
		10.4.1 Mutual Benefit
		10.4.2 Development Results
		10.4.3 2030 Agenda
	10.5 Contextualising Mutual Benefit, Development Results, and the 2030 Agenda in a Changing Global Development Landscape
	10.6 Conclusion
	References
Part III Measurements of Development Cooperation: Theories and Frameworks
11 Measuring Development Cooperation and the Quality of Aid
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Framework for Measuring Development Cooperation
	11.3 Development Finance, Aid, and Measuring Quality
		11.3.1 Measuring Concessional Development Finance and Aid Quantity
		11.3.2 What Does Effective Development Finance Look Like?
		11.3.3 Data Sources for Measuring Development Finance Effectiveness
		11.3.4 Quantifying Aid Quality
		11.3.5 Concluding on Measures of Aid Effectiveness
	11.4 Policies with Bilateral International Impacts
	11.5 Global Public Goods
	11.6 Conclusion
	Annex A. Quality of official development assistance (QuODA) indicators
	Annex B. List of global public goods
	References
12 Interest-Based Development Cooperation: Moving Providers from Parochial Convergence to Principled Collaboration
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 False Dichotomies? the Competing Rationales for Development Cooperation
	12.3 Drivers of Convergence to Interest-Based Development Cooperation
	12.4 A Principled National Interest: A Conceptual and Empirical Basis
	12.5 Convergence and Changing National Interest Narratives
	12.6 Building Normative Consensus for a Principled Approach Across the North-South Divide
	References
13 Monitoring and Evaluation in South-South Cooperation: The Case of CPEC in Pakistan
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 CPEC: A Catalyst for the 2030 Agenda and SDGs in Pakistan?
	13.3 Analytical Framework for Assessing CPEC
	13.4 CPEC in the SSC Framework: Findings and Discussion
		13.4.1 Inclusive National Ownership and CPEC
		13.4.2 CPEC in the Context of Horizontality
		13.4.3 Elements of Self-Reliance and Sustainability in CPEC
		13.4.4 Accountability and Transparency in CPEC Projects
		13.4.5 Development Efficiency and the Role of CPEC
	13.5 Conclusion
	References
14 The Implementation of the SDGs: The Feasibility of Using the GPEDC Monitoring Framework
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 The GPEDC Monitoring Framework5
		14.2.1 Context: Emergence, Evolution, and Current Structure
		14.2.2 The Monitoring Exercise and Its Underlying Framework
	14.3 Contributing to the Implementation of the SDGs: Political and Technical Feasibility
		14.3.1 Political Factors Influencing the Feasibility of a Significant Contribution of the Monitoring Framework to the Implementation of the SDGs
		14.3.2 Factors Positively Influencing the Feasibility
		14.3.3 Factors Negatively Influencing the Feasibility
		14.3.4 Technical Factors Influencing the Feasibility of a Significant Contribution of the Monitoring Framework to the Implementation of the SDGs
		14.3.5 Factors Positively Influencing the Feasibility
		14.3.6 Factors Negatively Influencing the Feasibility
	14.4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
15 Counting the Invisible: The Challenges and Opportunities of the SDG Indicator Framework for Statistical Capacity Development
	15.1 Introduction: Why Data Matters for the 2030 Agenda?
	15.2 The SDG Indicator Framework: Data Gaps, Capacity Constraints, and Missing Alignment Between Global Requirements and National Needs
		15.2.1 Persistent Sustainable Development Data Gaps
		15.2.2 Capacity Constraints and Missing Alignment Between Global Requirements and National Needs
	15.3 SDG Indicator Framework Implementation: Main Challenges and Possible Solutions
		15.3.1 Lessen Overburdening of National Statistical Systems
		15.3.2 Avoiding Coordination Failures
		15.3.3 Overcoming Funding Gap
	15.4 The Changing Role of Data and Statistics in Development
		15.4.1 Triangular Cooperation in Data and Statistics
		15.4.2 Sustainable Financing for Development Data
		15.4.3 The Power of Stories—Humanising Data
	15.5 Conclusion
	References
Part IV Institutional Settings for Development Cooperation
16 Building a Global Development Cooperation Regime: Failed but Necessary Efforts
	16.1 Introduction
	16.2 Why Is a Global Development Cooperation Regime Important?
	16.3 Failed Attempts to Build a Development Cooperation Regime: What Can Be Learnt?
	16.4 Conclusions
	References
17 Failing to Share the Burden: Traditional Donors, Southern Providers, and the Twilight of the GPEDC and the Post-War Aid System
	17.1 Introduction
	17.2 The Promise and Failure of Busan4
	17.3 A Simple Burden-Sharing Model of the Bilateral Negotiations at the GPEDC
	17.4 Applying the Burden-Sharing Model to Better Understand the Collapse of the Busan Promise
		17.4.1 The Strategy of Traditional DAC Donors
		17.4.2 The (Diverse) Strategies of the Emerging Powers
		17.4.3 The Strategy of Recipient Countries
		17.4.4 Sliding into Scenario D of a Weak Aid System
	17.5 Conclusions
	References
18 Should China Join the GPEDC? Prospects for China and the Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation
	18.1 Introduction
	18.2 Critical Accounts of the History of the GPEDC
	18.3 Different Views on the Role of the GPEDC
		18.3.1 A New Version of Historical Approach of Development Cooperation
		18.3.2 The Complementary Role of Emerging Powers
		18.3.3 The UN DCF and the GPEDC
	18.4 Towards Genuine Partnership: What Can We Do?
	18.5 Recommendations for the GPEDC
	18.6 Conclusions
	References
19 South Africa in Global Development Fora: Cooperation and Contestation
	19.1 Introduction
	19.2 Philosophy and Drivers of South Africa’s Global Development Engagement
	19.3 South Africa’s Regime-/Institution-Shifting or Creation
		19.3.1 UN Processes
		19.3.2 The OECD and the DAC
		19.3.3 Clubs—G20
		19.3.4 Other Clubs—IBSA and the BRICS
	19.4 South Africa’s Development Cooperation
	19.5 Africa’s Growing Agency
		19.5.1 Adopting Common Positions: The Africa Platform for Development Effectiveness
		19.5.2 UN Processes
		19.5.3 The GPEDC Process
	19.6 African States and SSC
	19.7 Conclusion
	References
20 Middle Powers in International Development Cooperation: Assessing the Roles of South Korea and Turkey
	20.1 Introduction
	20.2 Locating Korea and Turkey in International Development Cooperation
	20.3 Middle-Power Theories
	20.4 Like-Minded Peers or Counterparts?
		20.4.1 Global Visibility Through Middle-Power Strategies
		20.4.2 Foreign Aid Narratives
		20.4.3 Korea and Turkey in Relation to the OECD-DAC
		20.4.4 Korea
		20.4.5 Turkey
	20.5 Policy Implications
	20.6 Further Research
	References
Part V Aligning National Priorities with Development Cooperation/SDGs
21 The SDGs and the Empowerment of Bangladeshi Women
	21.1 Introduction
	21.2 Gender Equality and Bangladesh’s Unexpected Development Success
		21.2.1 Advances for Bangladeshi Women: From Independence to the MDGs
		21.2.2 What Bangladesh Did Right
		21.2.3 Ruptures in the Patriarchal Bargain and the Origins of Elite Commitment
		21.2.4 From Commitment to Capacity
	21.3 Next-Generation Challenges: Inclusion, Equality, and “Leaving No One Behind”
		21.3.1 Intersectionality and Power in the SDGs
		21.3.2 The Problem of Early Marriage: SDGs 3 and 5
		21.3.3 Women Workers’ Rights: SDGs 1, 8, and 16
	21.4 Conclusions
	References
22 Russia’s Approach to Official Development Assistance and Its Contribution to the SDGs
	22.1 Introduction
	22.2 Russia as a Global Donor
	22.3 Distribution of Russian ODA by Sector and Channel
		22.3.1 Multilateral Aid
		22.3.2 Bilateral Aid
		22.3.3 Humanitarian Aid and Debt Relief
	22.4 Monitoring and Evaluation
	22.5 Russia’s ODA Policy and the SDG Agenda
	22.6 Russian Businesses and ODA
	22.7 Conclusions
	Annex A. Distribution of Russian bilateral assistance by recipient countries in 2012–2017 ($ millions)
	References
23 US Multilateral Aid in Transition: Implications for Development Cooperation
	23.1 Introduction
	23.2 The United States and Multilateral Development Cooperation
	23.3 Trends of US Multilateral Development Aid
	23.4 US Global Development and Multilateral Engagement in the Trump Era
	23.5 US Development Policy and China
	23.6 Conclusions
	References
Part VI The Contribution of SSC and Triangular Cooperation to the SDGs
24 “The Asian Century”: The Transformational Potential of Asian-Led Development Cooperation
	24.1 Introduction
	24.2 Contemporary Disrupters to Development Cooperation: Asia’s Rise and Beyond Aid
	24.3 Contemporary Features of Asian Development Cooperation
		24.3.1 Big-Ticket Schemes: Growth and Poverty Reduction Through Infrastructure
		24.3.2 Other Asian Initiatives
		24.3.3 Increasing Multilateralism
			24.3.3.1 Multilateral Finance
			24.3.3.2 UN and Other Multilateral Platforms
			24.3.3.3 New and Diverse Partnerships
	24.4 Advancing Asian SSC: Strategies and Collaborative Opportunities
		24.4.1 Strengthen Civil Society and Private-Sector Partnerships
		24.4.2 Expand Triangular and Multi-nodal Cooperation
		24.4.3 Establish Purposeful and Efficient Institutional Infrastructure
	24.5 Conclusion
	References
25 South-South Development Cooperation as a Modality: Brazil’s Cooperation with Mozambique
	25.1 Introduction
	25.2 South-South Development Cooperation in the International Context
	25.3 Characteristics of South-South Development Cooperation
	25.4 Brazil’s Development Cooperation in Mozambique
	25.5 Conclusions—The “Institutionalisation” of Southern Cooperation
	References
26 South Africa as a Development Partner: An Empirical Analysis of the African Renaissance and International Cooperation Fund
	26.1 Introduction
	26.2 Methodology
	26.3 Contextualising South Africa’s Role as a Development Partner
	26.4 An Empirical Analysis of the African Renaissance and International Cooperation Fund
	26.5 Conclusion
	References
27 Triangular Cooperation: Enabling Policy Spaces
	27.1 Introduction
	27.2 From the Establishment of ODA to the Emergency of New Modalities
		27.2.1 Development Cooperation: A Revolving Field
		27.2.2 Triangular Cooperation as a Development Cooperation Modality
	27.3 Triangular Cooperation: From Development Projects to Enabler of Policy Spaces
	27.4 Conclusions: Strengthening Partnerships for Development Cooperation
	References
28 Achieving the SDGs in Africa Through South-South Cooperation on Climate Change with China
	28.1 Introduction
	28.2 Achieving the SDGs in Africa Through Climate Action
	28.3 Evolution of South-South Cooperation on Climate Change Between China and Africa
	28.4 Contested Cooperation: Old and New Channels of China’s South-South Cooperation on Climate Change with African Countries
	28.5 African Countries’ Climate Action Priorities
	28.6 Unlocking the Full Potential of South-South Cooperation on Climate Change Between China and African Countries
	References
29 India as a Partner in Triangular Development Cooperation
	29.1 Introduction
	29.2 India’s Changing Position Towards Triangular Cooperation
	29.3 The Practice of India’s Engagement in Triangular Cooperation
		29.3.1 Fund Mechanisms
		29.3.2 Brokering Mechanisms
	29.4 Why Does India Engage in Triangular Cooperation?
	29.5 Shaping Narratives and Institutions Through Triangular Platforms
	29.6 Conclusion
	References
Part VII The Role of Non-state Actors to the SDGs
30 Partnerships with the Private Sector: Success Factors and Levels of Engagement in Development Cooperation
	30.1 Introduction
	30.2 Classification and Relevance of Partnerships with Actors from the Private Sector in the Context of the SDGs
	30.3 Means to Support the Success of Private-Sector Engagement in Development Cooperation
	30.4 Engaging with Private-Sector Actors at the Global Level
	30.5 Engaging with the Private Sector at the National Level
	30.6 Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
	References
31 The Role and Contributions of Development NGOs to Development Cooperation: What Do We Know?
	31.1 Introduction
	31.2 What Do We Know About Development NGOs?
	31.3 Innovation and Influence in Donor Strategies for Civil Society
	31.4 What Does a Sectoral Approach to Development NGOs Contribute to Our Understanding?
	31.5 Conclusions
	References
32 Southern Think Tank Partnerships in the Era of the 2030 Agenda
	32.1 Introduction
	32.2 The Implications of the 2030 Agenda for Think Tanks
	32.3 Collaboration and Contestation with and Among Think Tanks: “The Four-C’s Model”
	32.4 Collaboration Among Think Tanks in the Global South
	32.5 North-South Think Tank Collaborations
	32.6 Southern Think Tank Engagement with Other International Actors
	32.7 Think Tanks in the Age of Partnerships
	References
33 Conclusion: Leveraging Development Cooperation Experiences for the 2030 Agenda—Key Messages and the Way Forward
	33.1 Primacy of the SDGs
	33.2 Theoretical Frameworks
		33.2.1 The Globalisation of Aid and Diffusion of Norms
		33.2.2 Discursive Institutionalism
		33.2.3 Orchestration, the Theory of Middle Powers, and the Four-C’s Model
	33.3 Contestations and Cooperation
	33.4 Going Beyond Contestations
	References
Index