The Norton Field Guide to Writing with Handbook (Second Edition with 2009 MLA Updates)

Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 5
ISBN 9780393934397......Page 6
Preface......Page 21
How to Use This Book......Page 17
Part 1 Rhetorical Situations......Page 41
1 Purpose......Page 43
Thinking about purpose......Page 44
2 Audience......Page 45
Identifying your audience......Page 46
Thinking about audience......Page 47
3 Genre......Page 49
Thinking about genre......Page 50
4 Stance......Page 52
Identify your stance......Page 53
Thinking about stance......Page 54
5 Media / Design......Page 55
Thinking about media......Page 56
Thinking about design......Page 57
Part 2 Genres......Page 59
Always Living in Spanish......Page 61
How I Learned about the Power of Writing......Page 64
“Proficiency”......Page 66
KEY FEATURES......Page 68
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 69
Generating ideas and text......Page 70
Organizing......Page 72
Writing out a draft......Page 73
Considering matters of design......Page 74
Getting response and revising......Page 75
Taking stock of your work......Page 76
In the 24 World, Family Is the Main Casualty......Page 78
A Spirit Reborn......Page 81
“Stay Sweet As You Are”......Page 83
KEY FEATURES......Page 89
Choosing a text to analyze......Page 90
Generating ideas and text......Page 91
Organizing......Page 94
Writing out a draft......Page 95
Considering matters of design......Page 96
Editing and proofreading......Page 97
Taking stock of your work......Page 98
The Inevitability of Bumps......Page 99
Throwing Like a Girl......Page 103
The Greatest Generation......Page 107
KEY FEATURES......Page 111
Choosing a topic......Page 113
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 114
Generating ideas and text......Page 115
Organizing......Page 116
Writing out a draft......Page 117
Considering matters of design......Page 119
Getting response and revising......Page 120
Taking stock of your work......Page 121
What If It’s All Been a Big Fat Lie?......Page 123
Some Like It Hot......Page 128
Organ Sales Will Save Lives......Page 132
KEY FEATURES......Page 137
Choosing a topic......Page 139
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 140
Generating ideas and text......Page 141
Organizing......Page 145
Writing out a draft......Page 146
Getting response and revising......Page 148
Editing and proofreading......Page 149
Taking stock of your work......Page 150
INFORMATIVE ABSTRACTS......Page 151
PROPOSAL ABSTRACTS......Page 152
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 153
Generating ideas and text......Page 154
Organizing......Page 155
Teen Film$......Page 156
Global Warming......Page 158
KEY FEATURES......Page 159
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 160
Generating ideas and text......Page 161
Organizing......Page 163
Juno: Not Just Another Teen Movie......Page 165
KEY FEATURES......Page 168
A BRIEF GUIDE TO WRITING......Page 169
Generating ideas and text......Page 170
Organizing......Page 172
The Effect of Biofeedback Training......Page 173
KEY FEATURES......Page 178
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 180
Generating ideas and text......Page 181
Organizing......Page 182
14 Literary Analyses......Page 183
Metaphor and Society in Shelley’s “Sonnet”......Page 184
KEY FEATURES......Page 186
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 187
Generating ideas and text......Page 188
Organizing......Page 192
All Over But the Shoutin’......Page 193
KEY FEATURES......Page 197
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 198
Generating ideas and text......Page 199
Organizing......Page 200
Rural Idaho Town Seeks to Turn Film’s Cult Status into Prosperity......Page 201
KEY FEATURES......Page 205
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 207
Generating ideas and text......Page 208
Organizing......Page 209
Course Requirement: Extortion......Page 211
KEY FEATURES......Page 214
Deciding on a topic......Page 215
Generating ideas and text......Page 216
TOPIC PROPOSALS......Page 217
Biodiversity Loss and Its Effect on Medicine......Page 218
KEY FEATURES......Page 219
My Life as a Dog......Page 220
KEY FEATURES......Page 223
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 225
Organizing......Page 226
RÉSUMÉS......Page 228
KEY FEATURES......Page 231
Generating ideas and text......Page 232
APPLICATION AND THANK-YOU LETTERS......Page 235
Generating ideas and text......Page 238
Organizing......Page 240
Write for Your Life......Page 241
KEY FEATURES......Page 243
Some typical ways of mixing genres......Page 244
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 245
Generating ideas and text......Page 246
Multi-genre projects......Page 247
Part 3 Processes......Page 249
Starting with questions......Page 251
Keeping a blog......Page 254
Some ground rules for working in a group......Page 255
Group writing projects......Page 256
Writing conferences......Page 257
Freewriting......Page 259
Listing......Page 260
Clustering......Page 261
Questioning......Page 262
Outlining......Page 263
Keeping a journal......Page 264
Discovery drafting......Page 265
Getting comfortable......Page 266
Starting to write......Page 267
Dealing with writer’s block......Page 268
Assessing the writing you do for yourself......Page 269
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 270
Examining the text itself......Page 271
Thinking about your process......Page 274
Getting response......Page 275
Revising......Page 276
Rewriting......Page 279
Editing......Page 282
Proofreading......Page 285
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 287
What to include......Page 288
Organizing......Page 289
Reflecting on your portfolio......Page 292
What to include......Page 297
Reflecting on your portfolio......Page 298
Part 4 Strategies......Page 299
Beginning......Page 301
Ways of beginning......Page 302
Ending......Page 306
Ways of ending......Page 307
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 310
Titles......Page 312
Thesis statements......Page 313
Topic sentences......Page 315
Transitions......Page 317
Determining plausible causes and effects......Page 318
Arguing for causes or effects......Page 319
Organizing......Page 320
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 321
Reasons for arguing......Page 323
Arguing logically......Page 324
Convincing readers you’re trustworthy......Page 333
Checking for fallacies......Page 336
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 338
Classifying......Page 340
Dividing......Page 341
Creating clear and distinct categories......Page 342
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 345
34 Comparing and Contrasting......Page 346
Two ways of comparing and contrasting......Page 347
Using graphs and images......Page 349
Using figurative language......Page 351
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 352
Formal definitions......Page 354
Extended definitions......Page 356
Stipulative definitions......Page 361
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 362
Detail......Page 364
Objectivity and subjectivity......Page 367
Vantage point......Page 369
Dominant impression......Page 370
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 371
Why add dialogue?......Page 373
Integrating dialogue into your writing......Page 374
Interviews......Page 375
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 376
Explaining how something is done......Page 378
Explaining how to do something......Page 379
Explaining visually......Page 380
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 381
Sequencing......Page 383
Including pertinent detail......Page 387
Opening and closing with narratives......Page 389
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 390
Reading strategically......Page 392
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 393
Annotating......Page 394
Believing and doubting......Page 395
Thinking about how the text works......Page 398
Summarizing......Page 400
Identifying patterns......Page 401
Analyzing the argument......Page 404
Considering the larger context......Page 405
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 407
Analyzing essay questions......Page 408
Some guidelines for taking essay exams......Page 410
Part 5 Doing Research......Page 413
Getting started......Page 415
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 416
Coming up with a topic......Page 417
Keeping a working bibliography......Page 419
Drafting a tentative thesis......Page 421
Creating a rough outline......Page 422
Keeping track of your sources......Page 423
Kinds of sources......Page 424
Searching electronically......Page 426
Reference works......Page 428
Books......Page 429
Periodicals......Page 430
The Web......Page 433
Doing field research......Page 434
Considering whether a source serves your purpose......Page 440
Reading sources with a critical eye......Page 442
Reading for patterns and connections......Page 444
Entering the conversation......Page 446
Taking notes......Page 448
Deciding whether to quote, paraphrase, or summarize......Page 449
Quoting......Page 450
Paraphrasing......Page 453
Summarizing......Page 456
Incorporating source materials into your text......Page 457
Acknowledging sources......Page 460
Avoiding plagiarism......Page 463
Understanding documentation styles......Page 465
APA style......Page 467
MLA in-text documentation......Page 468
MLA list of works cited......Page 469
Documentation Maps......Page 481
Sample research paper, MLA style......Page 507
APA in-text documentation......Page 517
APA reference list......Page 518
Documentation Maps......Page 528
Sample research paper, APA style......Page 548
Part 6 Media / Design......Page 561
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 563
Some elements of design......Page 564
Visuals......Page 568
Evaluating a design......Page 573
Gettysburg Address......Page 574
Ours Was a Dad . . .......Page 575
KEY FEATURES......Page 577
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 578
Delivering a spoken text......Page 579
Visual aids......Page 580
Considering the rhetorical situation......Page 586
KEY FEATURES / EMAIL......Page 588
KEY FEATURES / WEBSITES......Page 589
A sample site......Page 593
Blogs......Page 594
Sentences......Page 643
S-1 Complete Sentences......Page 644
S-2 Sentence Fragments......Page 647
S-3 Comma Splices and Fused Sentences......Page 650
S-4 Verbs......Page 651
S-5 Subject-Verb Agreement......Page 660
S-6 Pronouns......Page 664
S-7 Parallelism......Page 668
S-8 Coordination and Subordination......Page 671
S-9 Shifts......Page 673
Words......Page 675
W-1 Appropriate Words......Page 676
W-2 Precise Words......Page 678
W-3 Commonly Confused Words......Page 681
W-4 Unnecessary Words......Page 686
W-5 Adjectives and Adverbs......Page 688
W-6 Articles......Page 691
W-7 Words That Build Common Ground......Page 693
Punctuation / Mechanics......Page 696
P-1 Commas......Page 697
P-2 Semicolons......Page 703
P-3 End Punctuation......Page 705
P-4 Quotation Marks......Page 706
P-5 Apostrophes......Page 711
P-6 Other Punctuation Marks......Page 714
P-7 Hyphens......Page 718
P-8 Capitalization......Page 720
P-9 Italics......Page 722
P-10 Abbreviations......Page 725
P-11 Numbers......Page 726
Acknowledgments......Page 597
Glossary / Index......Page 601
Revision Symbols......Page 639
Directory to MLA Style......Page 640
Handbook Menu......Page 642