The Nidoviruses: Toward Control of SARS and other Nidovirus Diseases

Front Matter....Pages i-xxxvii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
The Coronavirus Replicase: Insights into a Sophisticated Enzyme Machinery....Pages 3-11
Biochemical Aspects of Coronavirus Replication....Pages 13-24
A Previously Unrecognized Unr Stem-Loop Structure in the Coronavirus 5’ Untranslated Region Plays a Functional role in Replication....Pages 25-30
Regulation of Coronavirus Transcription: Viral and Cellular Proteins Interacting with Transcription-Regulating Sequences....Pages 31-35
Deubiquitinating Activity of the SARS-CoV Papain-Like Protease....Pages 37-41
Nucleocapsid Protein Expression Facilitates Coronavirus Replication....Pages 43-48
Non Structural Proteins 8 and 9 of Human Coronavirus 229E....Pages 49-54
Effects of Mutagenesis of Murine Hepatitis Virus NSP1 and NSP14 on Replication in Culture....Pages 55-60
Mutational Analysis of MHV-A59 Replicase Protein-NSP10....Pages 61-66
The NSP2 Proteins of Mouse Hepatitis Virus and Sars Coronavirus are Dispensable for Viral Replication....Pages 67-72
Molecular Dissection of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Virus Putative Nonstructural Protein 2....Pages 73-77
Differential role of N-Terminal Polyprotein Processing in Coronavirus Genome Replication and Minigenome Amplification....Pages 79-83
Identification and Characterization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Subgenomic RNAs....Pages 85-88
Identification and Characterization of a Unique Ribosomal Frameshifting Signal in SARS-CoV ORF3A....Pages 89-92
Adp-Ribose-1”-Phosphatase Activities of the Human Coronavirus 229E and Sars Coronavirus X Domains....Pages 93-96
Nonstructural Proteins of Human Coronavirus NL63....Pages 97-100
MHV-A59 Orf1a Replicase Protein NSP7-NSP10 Processing in Replication....Pages 101-104
Stem-Loop 1 in the 5’ UTR of the Sars Coronavirus can Substitute for its Counterpart in Mouse Hepatitis Virus....Pages 105-108
Transcriptional Regulation of RNA3 of Infectious Bronchitis Virus....Pages 109-112
Front Matter....Pages 114-114
Structure, Expression, and Intracellular Localization of the SARS-CoV Accessory Proteins 7a and 7b....Pages 115-120
Front Matter....Pages 114-114
Sumoylation of the Nucleocapsid Protein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus by Interaction with UBC9....Pages 121-126
Importance of MHV-CoV A59 Nucleocapsid Protein Cooh-Terminal Negative Charges....Pages 127-132
Expression and Structural Analysis of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Nucleoprotein....Pages 133-138
Mouse Hepatitis Virus Infection Activates the IRE1/XBP1 Pathway of the Unfolded Protein Response....Pages 139-144
The Nuclear Localization Signal of the Prrs Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Modulates Viral Replication in vitro and Antibody Response in vivo ....Pages 145-148
Sars Coronavirus Accessory ORFs Encode Luxury Functions....Pages 149-152
Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies Against the Nucleocapsid Protein of SARS-COV....Pages 153-156
Mouse Hepatitis Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Phosphorylation....Pages 157-160
Front Matter....Pages 162-162
Genetic and Molecular Biological Analysis of Protein-Protein Interactions in Coronavirus Assembly....Pages 163-173
New Insights on the Structure and Morphogenesis of Berne Virus....Pages 175-180
Ultrastructure of SARS-CoV, FIPV, and MHV Revealed by Electron Cryomicroscopy....Pages 181-185
Role of Mouse Hepatitis Coronavirus Envelope Protein Transmembrane Domain....Pages 187-191
The Transmembrane Domain of the Infectious Bronchitis Virus E Protein is Required for Efficient Virus Release....Pages 193-198
Viroporin Activity of SARS-CoV E Protein....Pages 199-202
Efficient Transduction of Dendritic Cells Using Coronavirus-Based Vectors....Pages 203-206
Front Matter....Pages 208-208
Insights from the Association of SARS-CoV S-Protein with its Receptor, ACE2....Pages 209-218
Attachment Factor and Receptor Engagement of Sars Coronavirus and Human Coronavirus NL63....Pages 219-227
Interactions Between Sars Coronavirus and its Receptor....Pages 229-234
Proteolysis of Sars-Associated Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein....Pages 235-240
Fluorescence Dequenching Assays of Coronavirus Fusion....Pages 241-246
Front Matter....Pages 208-208
Porcine Arterivirus Entry in Macrophages: Heparan Sulfate – Mediated Attachment, Sialoadhesin-Mediated Internalization, and a Cell-Specific Factor Mediating Virus Disassembly and Genome Release....Pages 247-252
Enhancement of SARS-CoV Infection by Proteases....Pages 253-258
Increased Viral Titers and Subtle Changes in Plaque Morphology Upon Passage of SARS-CoV in Cells from Different Species....Pages 259-263
Human Coronavirus 229E can Use CD209L (L-Sign) to Enter Cells....Pages 265-269
Intracellular Transport of the S Proteins of Coronaviruses....Pages 271-275
Analysis of SARS-CoV Receptor Activity of ACE2 Orthologs....Pages 277-280
Interaction Between the Spike Protein of Human Coronavirus NL63 and its Cellular Receptor ACE2....Pages 281-284
Human Angiotensin - Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a Receptor for Human Respiratory Coronavirus NL63....Pages 285-288
Molecular Interactions of Group 1 Coronaviruses with Feline APN....Pages 289-291
Pseudotyped Vesicular Stomatitis Virus for Functional Analysis of Sars Coronavirus Spike Protein....Pages 293-296
Subcellular Localization of SARS-CoV Structural Proteins....Pages 297-300
Spike Gene Determinants of Mouse Hepatitis Virus Host Range Expansion....Pages 301-304
Virion-Liposome Interactions Identify a Cholesterol-Independent Coronavirus Entry Stage....Pages 305-308
Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus Enters Cells Via the Endocytic Pathway....Pages 309-312
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of the Nucleolus Using Meta-Confocal Microscopy in Cells Expressing the Coronavirus Nucleoprotein....Pages 313-318
Dissection of the Fusion Machine of Sars-Coronavirus....Pages 319-322
Characterization of Persistent SARS-CoV Infection in Vero E6 Cells....Pages 323-326
Receptor-Independent Spread of a Neurotropic Murine Coronavirus MHV-JHMv in Mixed Neural Culture....Pages 327-330
Receptor-Independent Infection of Mouse Hepatitis Virus: Analysis by Spinoculation....Pages 331-334
SARS-CoV, But not HCoV-NL63, Utilizes Cathepsins to Infect Cells: Viral Entry....Pages 335-338
Front Matter....Pages 340-340
Coronavirus Immunity: From T Cells to B Cells....Pages 341-349
RAT Coronavirus Infection of Primary RAT Alveolar Epithelial Cells....Pages 351-356
Infectious Bronchitis Coronavirus Induces Cell-Cycle Perturbations....Pages 357-362
Genes 3 and 5 of Infectious Bronchitis Virus are Accessory Protein Genes....Pages 363-368
NKG2D Signaling and Host Defense after Mouse Hepatitis Virus Infection of the Central Nervous System....Pages 369-372
Murine Hepatitis Virus Strain 1 as a Model for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Sars)....Pages 373-378
Persistent Coronavirus Infection of Progenitor Oligodendrocytes....Pages 379-384
CD8+ T-Cell Priming During a Central Nervous System Infection with Mouse Hepatitis Virus....Pages 385-390
Antibody-Mediated Virus Clearance from Neurons of Rats Infected with Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus....Pages 391-394
Developing Bioinformatic Resources for Coronaviruses....Pages 395-398
Autoantibodies Exacerbate the Severity of MHV-Induced Encephalitis....Pages 399-402
Analysis of the N Protein in Feline Coronavirus Strains in Italy....Pages 403-406
Differential Induction of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Primary Mouse Astrocytes and Microglia by Coronavirus Infection....Pages 407-410
Preferential Infection of Mature Dendritic Cells by the JHM Strain of Mouse Hepatitis Virus....Pages 411-414
Role of the Replicase Gene of Murine Coronavirus JHM Strain in Hepatitis....Pages 415-420
Identification of the Receptor for FGL2 and Implications for Susceptibility to Mouse Hepatitis Virus (MHV-3)-Induced Fulminant Hepatitis....Pages 421-425
Front Matter....Pages 428-428
Equine Viral Arteritis....Pages 429-433
Use of a PRRSV Infectious Clone to Evaluate in Vitro Quasispecies Evolution....Pages 435-438
Gamma-Interferon Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Lactate Dehydrogenase–Elevating Virus Infection....Pages 439-443
Replication and Expression Analysis of PRRSV Defective RNA....Pages 445-448
Front Matter....Pages 428-428
Efficacy of an Inactivated PRRSV Vaccine: Induction of Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies and Partial Virological Protection upon Challenge....Pages 449-454
Front Matter....Pages 456-456
Sars and Other Coronaviruses in Humans and Animals....Pages 457-462
Animal Models for Sars....Pages 463-471
HCoV-Oc43–Induced Apoptosis of Murine Neuronal Cells....Pages 473-478
Infection of Human Airway Epithelia by Sars Coronavirus is Associated with ACE2 Expression and Localization....Pages 479-484
Human Coronavirus NL63 Infection is Associated with Croup....Pages 485-491
A SARS-CoV–Specific Protein Enhances Virulence of an Attenuated Strain of Mouse Hepatitis Virus....Pages 493-498
Genetic Evolution of Human Coronavirus OC43 in Neural Cell Culture....Pages 499-502
Synergistic Inhibition of Sars-Coronavirus Replication by Type I and Type II IFN....Pages 503-506
 Mustela Vison ACE2 Functions as a Receptor for Sars-Coronavirus....Pages 507-510
HCoV-229E Infects and Activates Monocytes....Pages 511-514
Pathological and Virological Analyses of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–Associated Coronavirus Infections in Experimantal Animals....Pages 515-518
Identification of Ferret ACE2 and its Receptor Function for Sars-Coronavirus....Pages 519-522
Human Coronavirus-NL63 Infection is not Associated with Acute Kawasaki Disease....Pages 523-526
Toward the Development of an Infectious cDNA Clone of a Human Enteric Coronavirus....Pages 527-530
HCoV-OC43–Induced Encephalitis is in Part Immune-Mediated....Pages 531-534
Sars Cov Replication and Pathogenesis in Human Airway Airway Epithelial Cultures....Pages 535-538
Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV: the Receptor-Binding Domain of S Protein is a Major Target of Neutralizing Antibodies....Pages 539-542
Glia Expression of MHC During CNS Infection by Neurotropic Coronavirus....Pages 543-546
Resurrection of an “Extinct” SARS-CoV Isolate GD03 from LATE 2003....Pages 547-550
Front Matter....Pages 552-552
Sars Coronavirus Vaccine Development....Pages 553-560
Development of Vaccines and Passive Immunotherapy Against Sars Coronavirus Using Mouse and Scid-PBL/hu Mouse Models....Pages 561-566
Inhibition and Escape of SARS-CoV Treated with Antisense Morpholino Oligomers....Pages 567-571
Validation of Coronavirus E Proteins Ion Channels as Targets for Antiviral Drugs....Pages 573-578
Identification of Essential Genes as a Strategy to Select a Sars Candidate Vaccine Using a SARS-CoV Infectious cDNA....Pages 579-583
Structure and Dynamics of Sars Coronavirus Main Proteinase (M PRO )....Pages 585-591
Highly Attenuated Vaccinia Virus Dis as a Potential Sars Vaccine....Pages 593-596
 Renilla Luciferase as a Reporter to Assess SARS-CoV mRNA Transcription Regulation and Efficacy of ANTI-SARS-CoV Agents....Pages 597-600
Virucidal Effect of a Newly Developed Nickel Alloy on Mouse Coronavirus....Pages 601-603
Construction of a Full-Length cDNA Infectious Clone of a European-Like Type 1 PRRSV Isolated in the U.S.....Pages 605-608
Identification and Evaluation of Coronavirus Replicase Inhibitors Using a Replicon Cell Line....Pages 609-613
Back Matter....Pages 615-618