The New History of the World

Cover......Page 1
Copyright page......Page 8
Table of Contents......Page 9
List of Maps......Page 12
Sites of some Celebrated Discoveries of Hominid Fossils   [13]......Page 33
Early Sites of Farming   [32]......Page 52
The Fertile Crescent   [46]......Page 66
Ancient Egypt   [72]......Page 92
The Indus Valley   [123]......Page 143
China – Physical   [136]......Page 156
Climatic Changes in the Sahara   [149]......Page 169
European Megalithic Monuments   [153]......Page 173
Civilizations of the Near East   [162]......Page 182
The Greek World of the Aegean   [173]......Page 193
The Persian Empire of the Achaemenids   [183]......Page 203
The Peloponnesian War   [193]......Page 213
Alexander's March to the East   [215]......Page 235
The Hellenistic World soon after 200 BC   [219]......Page 239
The Mediterranean c. 600 BC   [224]......Page 244
Southern Italy 509–272 BC   [228]......Page 248
The Punic Wars – Major Events   [235]......Page 255
Roman Expansion   [242]......Page 262
Major Roads, Cities and Garrisons of the Empire in the Age of the Antonines   [253]......Page 273
Judaism in the Ancient World   [258]......Page 278
Paul's Missions   [269]......Page 289
The Sassanid Empire c. 400   [281]......Page 301
The Making of the Eastern Roman Empire   [291]......Page 311
Völkerwanderung   [295]......Page 315
Justinian's Empire 527–565   [310]......Page 330
Central Asia   [319]......Page 339
China under the Han Dynasty   [323]......Page 343
Seventh-century Arabia   [326]......Page 346
The Early Spread of Islam   [329]......Page 349
Islamic Iberia c. 1050   [337]......Page 357
Islam beyond the Arab World until 1800   [343]......Page 363
The Byzantine Empire c. 1265 and c. 1354   [348]......Page 368
The Growth of Venice as a Mediterranean Power   [360]......Page 380
Kiev Rus   [363]......Page 383
The Mongol Empires   [377]......Page 397
South-eastern Europe about 1400   [386]......Page 406
Ottoman Expansion   [389]......Page 409
Charlemagne's Europe   [396]......Page 416
Christendom before the Islamic Conquest   [404]......Page 424
The Medieval Empire   [413]......Page 433
Christendom in the Eleventh Century   [419]......Page 439
Muslim India   [424]......Page 444
Moghul India   [437]......Page 457
European Universities Founded before 1500   [498]......Page 518
German Eastward Expansion   [510]......Page 530
The Crusader Wars   [529]......Page 549
European Trading Stations and Possessions in Africa and Asia c. 1750   [559]......Page 579
Reformation and Counter-Reformation Europe   [579]......Page 599
Europe (Treaty of Westphalia 1648)   [608]......Page 628
The Beginning of the Ottoman Retreat in Europe   [612]......Page 632
Russian Expansion 1500–1800   [617]......Page 637
The Growth of British Power in India 1783–1804   [639]......Page 659
Exploration of the Americas   [642]......Page 662
British Atlantic Trade in the 1770s   [650]......Page 670
Economic Resources of the British American Colonies in the Eighteenth Century   [654]......Page 674
Christian Missionary Activity in Africa and Asia in the Nineteenth Century   [660]......Page 680
Africa in the Early Modern Era   [666]......Page 686
The Slavery Problem in the United States   [703]......Page 723
The Emergence and Consolidation of the USA   [726]......Page 746
Napoleonic Europe   [741]......Page 761
Europe in 1815   [754]......Page 774
Russian Expansion to 1905   [763]......Page 783
Europe in 1914   [764]......Page 784
The Winning of the Far West   [773]......Page 793
The American Civil War 1861–5   [776]......Page 796
The British Empire (and Protected Territories) 1815–1914   [787]......Page 807
South America after Independece   [801]......Page 821
British India 1858–1947   [819]......Page 839
Africa in 1880   [821]......Page 841
Partitioned Africa: Areas of European Domination in 1914   [825]......Page 845
Manchu China   [834]......Page 854
Japanese Expansion 1895–1942   [847]......Page 867
Major Religions of Asia in the Early Twentieth Century   [855]......Page 875
Imperial Expansioin in South-east Asia 1850–1914   [856]......Page 876
Migration from Europe in the Nineteenth Century   [865]......Page 885
Ottoman Decline and the Emergence of Modern Turkey 1683–1923   [872]......Page 892
The Great War 1914–18   [900]......Page 920
Russia in 1918   [906]......Page 926
China 1918–49   [923]......Page 943
Europe During the War of 1939–45   [956]......Page 976
Proposed UN Partition of Palestine 1947; Israel 1948–67 and Israel 1967–75   [989]......Page 1009
Worldwide Life Expectancy (1985); Population Density (1985); Gross Domestic Product (1987) and Daily Calorie Intake (1983–5 average)   [1004]......Page 1024
World Energy Resources   [1008]......Page 1028
Post-war Germany and Central Europe   [1041]......Page 1061
The Post-war Recovery of Eastern Asia and Populatioin Pressure in South and East Asia   [1059]......Page 1079
The Post-Ottoman Near and Middle East   [1066]......Page 1086
Decolonization in Africa and Asia   [1073]......Page 1093
Post-war Latin America   [1083]......Page 1103
Post-war Europe – Economic and Military Blocs   [1109]......Page 1129
The Soviet Union and Its Successors   [1126]......Page 1146
Preface to Fourth Edition......Page 15
Book One: Before History – Beginnings......Page 21
1  The Foundations......Page 23
2  Homo Sapiens......Page 38
3  The Possibility of Civilization......Page 49
Book Two: The First Civilizations......Page 59
1  Early Civilized Life......Page 61
2  Ancient Mesopotamia......Page 69
3  Ancient Egypt......Page 86
A Complicating World......Page 108
Early Civilized Life in the Aegean......Page 115
The Near East in the Ages of Confusion......Page 126
Ancient India......Page 139
Ancient China......Page 152
6  The Other Worlds of the Ancient Past......Page 168
7  The End of the Old World......Page 179
Book Three: The Classical Mediterranean......Page 185
1  The Roots of One World......Page 187
2  The Greeks......Page 191
3  Greek Civilization......Page 208
4  The Hellenistic World......Page 232
5  Rome......Page 247
6  The Roman Achievement......Page 265
7  Jewry and the Coming of Christianity......Page 280
8  The Waning of the Classical West......Page 296
9  The Elements of a Future......Page 321
Book Four: The Age of Diverging Traditions......Page 335
1  Islam and the Remaking of the Near East......Page 337
2  The Arab Empires......Page 353
3  Byzantium and Its Sphere......Page 365
4  The Disputed Legacies of the Near East......Page 392
5  The Making of Europe......Page 413
6  India......Page 442
7  Imperial China......Page 464
8  Japan......Page 486
9  Worlds Apart......Page 497
10  Europe: The First Revolution......Page 509
The Church......Page 510
Principalities and Powers......Page 523
Working and Living......Page 532
Europe Looks Outwards......Page 544
The European Mind......Page 556
Book Five: The Making of the European Age......Page 567
1  A New Kind of Society: Early Modern Europe......Page 569
2  Authority and Its Challengers......Page 590
3  The New World of Great Powers......Page 618
4  Europe's Assault on the World......Page 650
5  World History's New Shape......Page 677
6  Ideas Old and New......Page 694
Book Six: The Great Acceleration......Page 717
1  Long-Term Change......Page 719
2  Political Change in an Age of Revolution......Page 740
3  Political Change: A New Europe......Page 765
4  Political Change: The Anglo-Saxon World......Page 788
5  The European World Hegemony......Page 809
6  European Imperialism and Imperial Rule......Page 833
7  Asia's Response to a Europeanizing World......Page 851
Book Seven: The End of the Europeans' World......Page 881
1  Strains in the System......Page 883
2  The Era of the First World War......Page 903
3  A New Asia in the Making......Page 935
4  The Ottoman Heritage and the Western Islamic Lands......Page 952
5  The Second World War......Page 965
6  The Shaping of a New World......Page 988
Book Eight: The Latest Age......Page 1011
People......Page 1015
The New Plenty......Page 1020
Communication......Page 1029
Science and Nature......Page 1031
Space: A New Environment for Mankind......Page 1037
New Concerns......Page 1042
Beliefs and Attitudes......Page 1045
Half the World......Page 1051
Principalities and Powers......Page 1053
Cold War Beginnings......Page 1059
Asian Revolution......Page 1066
Bandung......Page 1070
China's Re-Emergence......Page 1072
The Chinese Periphery and Beyond......Page 1080
The Middle East......Page 1084
Africa......Page 1091
Latin America......Page 1100
Superpower Difficulties......Page 1110
The Last Cold War Crises......Page 1112
The Illusion of 'Convergence'......Page 1114
Vietnam......Page 1119
Two Europes......Page 1124
New Challenges to the Cold War World Order......Page 1132
The World of Islam......Page 1139
Frustrations......Page 1144
Middle East Issues......Page 1148
Détente......Page 1152
A Dissolving Scene......Page 1154
The End of the Cold War World......Page 1161
China......Page 1164
Nationality and Ethnicity......Page 1168
An Ever-Closer European Union?......Page 1171
China and East Asia......Page 1176
The Indian Subcontinent......Page 1179
A New Russia......Page 1180
Pax Americana Qualified......Page 1183
Whole World History......Page 1193
Managing Nature......Page 1199
A......Page 1205
B......Page 1209
C......Page 1212
D......Page 1217
E......Page 1218
F......Page 1220
G......Page 1222
H......Page 1224
I......Page 1225
J......Page 1228
K......Page 1229
L......Page 1230
M......Page 1231
N......Page 1235
P......Page 1237
R......Page 1241
S......Page 1243
T......Page 1247
U......Page 1249
V......Page 1250
W......Page 1251
Z......Page 1252