The myth of mental illness: foundations of a theory of personal conduct

Contents......Page 7
Preface to the 2nd Edition......Page 9
Preface to the 1st Edition......Page 15
Introduction......Page 21
Methods od Observation and Action in Psychiatry......Page 22
Causality and Historicism in Modern Psychiatry......Page 25
Psychiatry and Ethics......Page 28
Hysteria as a Paradigm of Mental Illness......Page 29
The Invention of Mental Illness......Page 31
Part One - The Myth of Mental Illness......Page 34
Charcot and Hysteria......Page 35
Is Every Form of Suffering Illness?......Page 40
The Double Standard in Psychiatry......Page 43
The Definition of Hysteria as Illness: A Strategy......Page 48
The Logic of Classification......Page 50
On the Notions of Real and False......Page 51
Illness, Counterfeit Illness, and the Physician's Role......Page 52
Changes in the Rules of Conduct and the Reclassification of Behavior......Page 55
Malingering as Mental Illness......Page 59
Concluding Remarks on Objects and Their Representations......Page 63
3. The Social Context of Medical Practice......Page 66
Nineteenth-Century Liberalism, Capitalism, and Individualism......Page 67
Contemporary Society and Its Pattern of Health Care......Page 72
Soviet Medicine......Page 77
The Significance of Privacy in the Physician-Patient Relationship......Page 81
The Physician and the Poor......Page 83
Medical Care as a Form of Social Control......Page 84
The Historical Background......Page 88
A Re-examination of the Observations......Page 90
A Re-examination of the Theory......Page 93
A Summing Up......Page 96
Convertion and Psychogenesis......Page 98
Conversion and Organ Neurosis......Page 104
Energy Conversion and Language Translation......Page 108
6. Contemporary Views of Hysteria and Mental Illness......Page 112
Psychoanalytic Theories......Page 113
Organic Theories......Page 119
Part Two - Foundations of a Theory of Personal Conduct......Page 122
The Structure of Protolanguage......Page 123
The Function of Protolanguage......Page 130
Symbolization in Hysteria: A Critical Example......Page 137
Discursive and Nondiscursive Languages......Page 141
The Nondiscursiveness of Hysteria......Page 145
The Informative Function of Iconic Body Signs......Page 146
Hysteria, Translation, and Misinformation......Page 148
Language as a Means of Making Contact with Objects......Page 150
Hysteria as Indirect Communication......Page 154
The Protective Function of Indirect Communications......Page 157
Dreaming and Hysteria as Hinting......Page 158
Hysteria: From Illness to Idiom......Page 161
Motives and Rules......Page 164
Nature and Convention—Biology and Sociology......Page 167
Rules, Morals, and Psychoanalysis......Page 168
Rules and Responsibility......Page 170
Rules and Antirules......Page 171
A Classification of Rules......Page 173
The Need of Rules......Page 177
10. The Ethics of Helplessness and Helpfulness......Page 178
Childhood and the Rules of Helplessness......Page 179
Biblical Rules Fostering Disability and Illness......Page 181
Some Historical Comments on Rule Reversal......Page 187
The Ethics of Paternalism and Therapeutism......Page 191
11. Theology, Witchcraft, and Hysteria......Page 197
The Medical Theory of Witchcraft......Page 198
The Scapegoat Theory of Witchcraft......Page 202
Games of Life: Theological and Medical......Page 209
Human Actions as Games......Page 215
A Logical Hierarchy of Games......Page 220
Personality Development and Moral Values......Page 225
Interpersonal Strategies in Hysteria......Page 229
An Illustration of the Hysterical Game: Sullivan's "Hysterical Dynamism"......Page 234
Lying: A Specific Strategy in Hysteria......Page 238
Uncertainty and Control in Game-Playing Behavior......Page 241
On Changing the Hysterical Game......Page 244
A Summing Up......Page 245
Impersonation and Role-Taking......Page 247
Varieties of Impersonations......Page 251
The Ganser Syndrome......Page 255
Roles: Assumed, Impersonated, and Genuine......Page 257
The Psychiatric Authentication of Impersonated Roles as Genuine......Page 259
A Summing Up......Page 261
15. The Ethics of Psychiatry......Page 266
Object Relations and the Game Model......Page 267
Psychoanalysis and Ethics......Page 271
Psychiatry as Social Action......Page 275
Conclusions......Page 278
Epilogue......Page 280
Summary......Page 283
References......Page 285
Bibliography......Page 297
Name Index......Page 306
Subject Index......Page 308
Aubout The Author......Page 313