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دانلود کتاب The Money Revolution : How to Finance the Next American Century
دانلود کتاب انقلاب پول: چگونه می توان قرن بعدی آمریکا را تامین مالی کرد
مشخصات کتاب
The Money Revolution : How to Finance the Next American Century
ویرایش:
نویسندگان: Duncan.Richard
سری:
ISBN (شابک) : 9781119856283, 9781119856269
ناشر:
سال نشر: 2022
تعداد صفحات: 512
زبان: English
فرمت فایل : EPUB (درصورت درخواست کاربر به PDF، EPUB یا AZW3 تبدیل می شود)
حجم فایل: 17 Mb
قیمت کتاب (تومان) : 44,000
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توجه داشته باشید کتاب انقلاب پول: چگونه می توان قرن بعدی آمریکا را تامین مالی کرد نسخه زبان اصلی می باشد و کتاب ترجمه شده به فارسی نمی باشد. وبسایت اینترنشنال لایبرری ارائه دهنده کتاب های زبان اصلی می باشد و هیچ گونه کتاب ترجمه شده یا نوشته شده به فارسی را ارائه نمی دهد.
توضیحاتی در مورد کتاب انقلاب پول: چگونه می توان قرن بعدی آمریکا را تامین مالی کرد
در این تحلیل جالب از پول، اعتبار و سرمایه آمریکا بیاموزید که چگونه ایالات متحده می تواند افت اقتصادی نسبی خود را متوقف کند و معکوس کند. ریچارد دانکن، اقتصاددان و نویسنده پرفروش، در کتاب «انقلاب پول: چگونگی تأمین مالی قرن بعدی آمریکا»، استراتژی دوراندیشانه ای را برای به حداکثر رساندن پتانسیل مالی و فناوری بی بدیل ایالات متحده ارائه می کند. نویسنده به شکلی قانع‌کننده نشان می‌دهد که ایالات متحده می‌تواند و باید در صنایع و فناوری‌های آینده در مقیاسی بی‌سابقه سرمایه‌گذاری کند تا شعله‌ور یک انقلاب فناوری جدید باشد که برتری ژئوپلیتیکی کشور را تثبیت کند، رفاه بشر را تا حد زیادی افزایش دهد، و ایجاد کند. ثروت غیر قابل تصور در این کتاب خواهید یافت • تاریخچه جدید و مهم فدرال رزرو که جزئیات تبدیل بانک مرکزی کشور از آخرین وام دهنده منفعل که توسط بنیانگذاران آن در سال 1913 ایجاد شد به قدرتمندترین موسسه اقتصادی جهان امروزی را شرح می دهد. • بحثی جذاب در مورد تحول پول و سیاست پولی در ایالات متحده در قرن گذشته. • بررسی نقشی که اعتبار در ایجاد رشد اقتصادی ایفا کرده است، به ویژه از زمانی که پنج دهه پیش دلار پشتوانه طلا را متوقف کرد. • تشریح دقیق ساختار سرمایه کشور و کمبودهای خطرناک آن. • یک فراخوان فوری برای اقدام برای ایالات متحده برای شروع یک برنامه سرمایه گذاری چند تریلیون دلاری با هدف قرار دادن صنایع آینده. انقلاب پول: چگونه می توان قرن بعدی آمریکا را تأمین مالی کرد، کتابی است که برای هر کسی که به آینده ایالات متحده علاقه مند است، ایده آل است. تز جذاب آن به هر کسی که علاقه شخصی یا حرفه ای به اقتصاد، سیستم مالی یا موقعیت ژئوپلیتیک آمریکا در جهان دارد، یک سفر فکری جذاب را ارائه می دهد.
توضیحاتی درمورد کتاب به خارجی
Learn how the United States can stop and reverse its relative economic decline in this fascinating analysis of American Money, Credit and Capital In The Money Revolution: How to Finance the Next American Century, economist and bestselling author Richard Duncan lays out a farsighted strategy to maximize the United States unmatched financial and technological potential. In compelling fashion, the author shows that the United States can and should invest in the industries and technologies of the future on an unprecedented scale in order to ignite a new technological revolution that would cement the country's geopolitical preeminence, greatly enhance human wellbeing, and create unimaginable wealth. In this book, you will find • An important new history of the Federal Reserve that details the transformation of the country's central bank from the passive lender of last resort created by its founders in 1913 into the world's most powerful economic institution today. • A fascinating discussion of the evolution of money and monetary policy in the United States over the past century. • An examination of the role that credit has played in generating economic growth, especially since Dollars ceased to be backed by Gold five decades ago. • A detailed description of the country's capital structure and its dangerous deficiencies. • An urgent call-to-action for the United States to begin a multi-trillion-dollar investment program targeting industries of the future. The Money Revolution: How to Finance the Next American Century is a page-turning read ideal for anyone interested in the future of the United States. Its gripping thesis offers anyone with a personal or professional interest in America's economy, financial system, or geopolitical position in the world an engrossing intellectual journey.
فهرست مطالب
Cover Title Page Copyright Page Contents Introduction Part One Money Chapter 1 The Power of the Fed The Power to Create Credit In the Beginning The Fed’s Balance Sheet: Two Snapshots Furnishing an Elastic Currency Providing Credit Federal Reserve Credit and the Monetary Base Constraints Conclusion Appendix One The Fed’s Balance Sheet Appendix Two Traditional Monetary Policy Notes Chapter 2 1914 to 1920: World War I The Balance Sheet Notes Chapter 3 1920 to 1930: After the War The Balance Sheet Conclusion Notes Chapter 4 1930 to 1941: The Great Depression Total Assets The Great Depression Gold Gold Coverage Excess Reserves Notes Chapter 5 1941 to 1945: World War II War Financing Balance Sheet Federal Reserve Credit and Commercial Bank Credit Deposit Creation by Commercial Banks Bretton Woods Conclusion Notes Chapter 6 1945 to 1971: The Bretton Woods Era Assets Balance Sheet Federal Reserve Credit The End of Gold-Backed Money Notes Chapter 7 1971 to 2007: After Gold Assets Liabilities Conclusion Notes Part Two Credit Chapter 8 Credit Creation by the Banking System Commercial Banks Create Money, Too How the Process Works Two Factors Determine How Much Credit Banks Can Create Credit Creation by Commercial Banks: 1914 to 2007 Why Bank Credit Grew Much Faster than Bank Reserves Notes Chapter 9 Credit Creation by the Financial Sector Creditopia The Non-Bank Financial Sector Creditors Funding Through Credit Creation Credit Without Reserves Appendix Notes Chapter 10 Credit Creation by ForeignCentral Banks The Financial Sector Is Not Alone The Rest of the World The Liquidity Gauge Notes Chapter 11 Creditism A Credit Bonanza The Debtors Credit and Wealth Credit Creation, Not Savings Creditism’s Achilles’ Heel Notes Chapter 12 2007 to 2016: Crisis and Response Introduction Meltdown Saving the Financial System Through Discounting Operations Reflating the Economy Through Open Market Operations Why QE Worked The Fed Was Helped by Other Central Banks Four Charts Conclusion Notes Chapter 13 Creditism Between the Crises Creditism in Crisis Financial Sector Debt Non-financial Sector Debt Insufficient Credit Growth Asset Price Inflation Tightening Capitulation Notes Chapter 14 Pandemic The Policy Response The Details: 2020 vs. 2008 Notes Chapter 15 Inflation A Century of Inflation 1919 to 1929 The 1930s The 1940s The 1950s The 1960s The 1970s The 1980s The 1990s 2000 to Mid-2008 Mid-2008 to 2019 2020 to Mid-2021 Notes Part Three The Future Chapter 16 America Must Invest Why a Large-Scale Investment Program Is Possible Why a Large-Scale Investment Program Is Necessary How Much to Invest? Which Industries to Target How to Structure the Investments Government Sharing in the Profits Conclusion Notes Chapter 17 Inadequate Investment Capital Grows Investment The Competition What’s to Be Done? Note Chapter 18 R&D: The Future Depends on It Current Investment in R&D Allocation Types of R&D International Comparisons The Second Great Divergence Notes Chapter 19 America Can Afford to Invest Estimates for Government Debt and GDP The CBO’s Pre- and Post-Pandemic Projections Investing in the Future Extremely Conservative Assumptions Toward a More Realistic Scenario What If Government Debt Is Higher? Notes Chapter 20 Monetize the Debt Financing the Investment Program at No Cost Seigniorage and Bank Reserves The Fed’s Balance Sheet Projected to 2031 What Could the Negative Consequences Be? Notes Chapter 21 An Investment Revolution Introduction Government Investment in R&D Working Miracles America’s New Manifest Destiny Notes Conclusion About the Author Bibliography Books Acts of Congress Papers Other Sources Index EULA List of Tables Chapter 1 TABLE 1.1 Simplified Balance Sheet of the Federal Reserve System November 2... TABLE 1.2 Simplified Balance Sheet of the Federal Reserve Board, November 2... Chapter 4 TABLE 4.1 Member Bank Reserve Requirements Chapter 8 TABLE 8.1 Money Creation Through Fractional Reserve Banking TABLE 8.2 Changes in the Required Reserve Ratio from 1913 to the Present Chapter 9 TABLE 9.1 The Financial Sector: 2007 Chapter 17 TABLE 17.1 Private Fixed Investment, 2019 TABLE 17.2 Private Fixed Investment in Structures, 2019 TABLE 17.3 Private Fixed Investment in Equipment, 2019 TABLE 17.4 Private Fixed Investment in Intellectual Property Products, 2019 TABLE 17.5 Gross Government Fixed Investment, 2019 TABLE 17.6 Gross Government Fixed Investment Breakdown, 2019 Chapter 18 TABLE 18.1 Who Carries Out the R&D? TABLE 18.2 Who Funds the R&D? TABLE 18.3 Business Sector Investment in R&D: Manufacturing Industries, 201... TABLE 18.4 Business Sector Investment in R&D: Non-manufacturing Industries,... TABLE 18.5 Higher Education R&D Expenditures, by Field: FY 2018 TABLE 18.6 Federal Research and Development Funding, By Agency, FY 2018 TABLE 18.7 Types of R&D TABLE 18.8 R&D Expenditure: Types of Work and Source of Funds: 2018 TABLE 18.9 Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D: 2017 TABLE 18.10 Gross Expenditure on R&D by Type of Work: The US vs. China, 201... Chapter 21 TABLE 21.1 Federal R&D Funding by Agency: FY2019, Top Five TABLE 21.2 National Institutes of Health Funding: FY2019 TABLE 21.3 The Leading Causes of Death in the United States in 2017 TABLE 21.4 Department of Energy R&D, FY2019 TABLE 21.5 National Aeronautics and Space Administration R&D, FY2019 TABLE 21.6 National Science Foundation Funding, FY2019 TABLE 21.7 Federal R&D Funding by Agency: With and Without a $10 Trillion I... TABLE 21.8 National Institutes of Health Funding, Selected Institutes, With... List of Illustrations Chapter 1 CHART 1.1 The Fed's Total Assets, 1914 to June 30, 2021 Chapter 2 CHART 2.1 The Fed's Total Assets, 1914 to 1920 CHART 2.2 A Breakdown of the Fed's Major Assets and Liabilities, 1914 to 192... CHART 2.3 All Banks' Investments in US Government Obligations, Annual $ Chan... CHART 2.4 Federal Reserve Credit, Annual $ Change, 1915 to 1920 CHART 2.5 Federal Reserve Credit and Its Components, 1914 to 1920 CHART 2.6 The Fed's Total Assets: Gold vs. Assets Acquired with Federal Rese... CHART 2.7 Gold Coverage Ratio: Ratio of the Fed’s Gold Reserves to Its Note ... CHART 2.8 All Banks: Loans $ Investments Other Than Investments in Governmen... Chapter 3 CHART 3.1 The Fed's Total Assets, 1914 to 1930 CHART 3.2 A Breakdown of the Fed's Major Assets and Liabilities, 1914 to 193... CHART 3.3 Federal Reserve Credit, Annual $ Change, 1915 to 1930 CHART 3.4 Federal Reserve Credit and Its Components 1914 to 1930 CHART 3.5 The Fed's Total Assets: Gold vs. Assets Acquired with Federal Rese... CHART 3.6 Gold Coverage Ratio, 1914 to 1930 Chapter 4 CHART 4.1 The Fed's Total Assets, 1914 to 1941 CHART 4.2 Federal Reserve Credit and Its Components, 1914 to 1941 CHART 4.3 Federal Reserve Credit, Annual $ Change, 1915 to 1941 CHART 4.4 A Breakdown of the Fed's Major Assets $ Liabilities, 1925 to 1934... CHART 4.5 A Breakdown of the Fed's Major Assets $ Liabilities, 1914 to 1941... CHART 4.6 The Fed's Total Assets: Gold vs. Assets Acquired with Federal Rese... CHART 4.7 Gold Coverage Ratio, 1914 to 1941 Chapter 5 CHART 5.1 The Fed's Total Assets, 1914 to 1945 CHART 5.2 Federal Reserve Credit, Annual $ Change, 1915 to 1945 CHART 5.3 Federal Reserve Credit and Its Components, 1914 to 1945 CHART 5.4 The Fed's Total Assets: Gold vs. Assets Acquired with Federal Rese... CHART 5.5 A Breakdown of the Fed's Major Assets $ Liabilities, 1914 to 1945... CHART 5.6 Gold Cover Ratio: Ratio of the Fed’s Gold Reserves to Note and Dep... CHART 5.7 Commercial Banks: Total Deposits, 1914 to 1945 CHART 5.8 US Government Budget Surplus or Deficit (–), 1900 to 1945 CHART 5.9 Commercial Banks' Holdings of Government Securities, Annual Dollar... CHART 5.10 Commercial Banks: Total Loans $ Investments vs. Holdings of Gover... CHART 5.11 Commercial Banks' Holdings of Government Securities as a Percenta... Chapter 6 CHART 6.1 The Fed's Total Assets, 1914 to 1971 CHART 6.2 US Government's Budget Surplus or Deficit, 1946 to 1971 CHART 6.3 A Breakdown of the Fed's Major Assets and Liabilities, 1914 to 197... CHART 6.4 The Fed's Ownership of US Treasury Securities as a Percentage of G... CHART 6.5 The Fed's Total Assets: Gold vs. Assets Acquired with Federal Rese... CHART 6.6 Federal Reserve Credit, Annual $ Change, 1915 to 1971 CHART 6.7 Federal Reserve Credit and Its Components, 1914 to 1971 CHART 6.8 Gold Coverage Ratio, 1914 to 1968 Chapter 7 CHART 7.1 The Fed's Total Assets, 1914 to 2007 CHART 7.2 A Breakdown of the Fed's Major Asset and Liabilities, 1940 to 2007... CHART 7.3 US Budget Balance: Surplus or Deficit, 1940 to 2007 CHART 7.4 Federal Reserve Credit, Annual $ Change, 1940 to 2007 CHART 7.5 The Fed's Holdings of Treasury Securities, as a Percentage of Gros... CHART 7.6 The Fed's Total Assets: Gold vs. Assets Acquired with Federal Rese... CHART 7.7 Federal Reserve Credit and Its Components, 1940 to 2007 CHART 7.8 Federal Reserve Notes per Capita, 1945 to 2019 CHART 7.9 Federal Reserve Credit, 1940 to 2008 Chapter 8 CHART 8.1 The Monetary Base, M1 & M2, 1959 to 2007 CHART 8.2 US Gold & Bank Reserves, 1914 to 1945 CHART 8.3 Commercial Banks: Reserves, Deposits, and Loans and Investments, 1... CHART 8.4 Commercial Banks: Government Securities Held as a Percentage of To... CHART 8.5 The Ratio of Bank Reserves to Bank Deposits, 1917 to 1945 CHART 8.6 The Ratio of Bank Deposits to Bank Reserves, 1917 to 1945 CHART 8.7 Total Loans and Investments: Annual Dollar Change, 1915 to 1945... CHART 8.8 Total Loans and Investments: Annual Dollar Change, 1915 to 1970... CHART 8.9 US Gold & Bank Reserves, 1914 to 1970 CHART 8.10 Commercial Banks: Reserves, Deposits, and Loans and Investments, ... CHART 8.11 The Ratio of Bank Reserves to Bank Deposits, 1917 to 1970 CHART 8.12 The Ratio of Bank Deposits to Bank Reserves, 1917 to 1970 CHART 8.13 US Gold and Bank Reserves, 1914 to 2007 CHART 8.14 Commercial Banks: Reserves, Deposits, and Loans and Investments, ... CHART 8.15 Total Loans and Investments, Annual Dollar Change, 1915 to 2007... CHART 8.16 The Ratio of Bank Reserves to Bank Deposits, 1917 to 2007 CHART 8.17 The Ratio of Bank Deposits to Bank Reserves, 1917 to 2007 CHART 8.18 The Ratio of Bank Reserves at the Fed plus Vault Cash as a Percen... Chapter 9 CHART 9.1 Credit Provided by the Entire Financial Sector vs. Credit Provided... CHART 9.2 Total Financial Sector Credit as a Percentage of GDP, 1945 to 2007 CHART 9.3 Total Financial Sector Credit, Annual $ Change, 1946 to 2007 CHART 9.4 Credit Provided by Private Depository Institutions vs. the Rest of... CHART 9.5 The Annual Dollar Change in Total Financial Sector Credit vs. Priv... CHART 9.6 Market Share of Credit Extended by the Financial Sector: Private D... CHART 9.7 A Breakdown of the Market Share of Financial Sector CreditorsSourc... CHART 9.8 A Breakdown of the Market Share of Financial Sector Creditors: Per... CHART 9.9 The Annual Dollar Change in Credit Extended by Private Depository ... CHART 9.10 The Largest of the Remaining Financial Sector Creditors (those wi... CHART 9.11 The Financial Sector Funding: Deposits vs. Debt, 1945 to 2007 CHART 9.12 Bank Reserves at the Fed as a Percentage of Total Financial Secto... CHART 9.13 Total Credit Provided by the Financial Sector vs. Total Deposits ... CHART 9.14 A Breakdown of the Private Depository Institutions' Total Loans a... CHART 9.15 A Breakdown of the Debt Securities Owned by the Private Depositor... CHART 9.16 A Breakdown of the Debt Securities Owned by the Private Depositor... Chapter 10 CHART 10.1 Credit Extended by Financial Sector, Rest of the World, $ Non-fin... CHART 10.2 Credit Extended by Financial Sector, the Rest of the World, $ Non... CHART 10.3 The Non-financial Sector Creditors as a Percentage of GDP, 1945 t... CHART 10.4 US Current Account Balance, 1950 to 2007 Source: Data from US Cur... CHART 10.5 Mirror Image: The US Current Account = The Financial Account and ... CHART 10.6 The Cumulative US Current Account Deficit, 1950 to 2007Source: Da... CHART 10.7 Total Foreign Exchange Reserves, 1950 to 2007Source: Data from th... CHART 10.8 The Cumulative US Current Account Deficit vs. Total Foreign Excha... CHART 10.9 US Government Debt Owned by the Fed and the Rest of the World, 19... CHART 10.10 The Share of US Government Debt Owned by the Fed and the Rest of... CHART 10.11 The Surplus on the US Financial Account and Capital Account vs. ... CHART 10.12 Liquidity Gauge, 1990 to 2008Source: Data from the Financial Acc... CHART 10.13 The Federal Funds Rate vs. the 10-Year Government Bond Yield, 19... Chapter 11 CHART 11.1 Total Credit 1952 to 2007 CHART 11.2 The Monetary Base, M2, and Total Credit, 1959 to 2007Source: Data... CHART 11.3 The Ratio of Total Credit to the Monetary Base 1959 to 2007Source... CHART 11.4 The Ratio of Total Credit to GDP, 1945 to 2007 Source: Data from ... CHART 11.5 The Ratio of Debt to GDP by Major Sector, 1945 to 2007Source: Dat... CHART 11.6 The Public Debt of the Federal Government, 1900 to 1945Source: Da... CHART 11.7 Government Debt to GDP, 1930 to 1945Source: Data from Historical ... CHART 11.8 The Non-financial Sector Debt to GDP by Category, 1945 to 2007Sou... CHART 11.9 US Government Budget Surplus or Deficit (–), 1960 to 1992Source: ... CHART 11.10 The Annual Change in Household Sector Debt, 1946 to 2007Source: ... CHART 11.11 Breakdown of the Financial Sector Debtors, 1945 to 2007Source: D... CHART 11.12 Financial Sector Debt Excluding the GSEs and Issuers of Asset-Ba... CHART 11.13 Breakdown of the Financial Sector Debt Excluding GSEs and ABS Is... CHART 11.14 The Annual Change in Financial Sector Debt, 1946 to 2007Source: ... CHART 11.15 The Annual Dollar Change in the Debt of the Household Sector, th... CHART 11.16 Debt and the Dow: The Ratio of Total Debt to GDP vs. the Dow Jon... CHART 11.17 Real Estate Owned by the Household Sector: Owner-Occupied Real E... CHART 11.18 Wealth and Credit: Household Sector Net Worth vs. Total Credit (... CHART 11.19 The Ratio of Household Net Worth to GDP, 1945 to 2007Source: Dat... CHART 11.20 Household Net Worth, Annual Dollar Change, 1946 to 2007 CHART 11.21 Net Private Savings vs. the Increase in Total Credit, 1947 to 20... CHART 11.22 The Ratio of Annual Credit Growth to Annual Net Private Savings,... CHART 11.23 Total Credit vs. Cumulative Net Private Savings, 1945 to 2007Sou... CHART 11.24 Credit Growth vs. GDP Growth, Adjusted for Inflation, 1952 to 20... CHART 11.25 Commercial Banks: Total Loans and Investments, Annual Dollar Cha... Chapter 12 CHART 12.1 The Fed's Total Assets, 1914 to 2008 CHART 12.2 Federal Reserve Credit Extended Through Discounting Operations, 2... CHART 12.3 A Breakdown of the Fed's Discounting Operations, 2006 to 2010 CHART 12.4 The Fed's Holdings of Treasury Securities and GSE-Backed Mortgage... CHART 12.5 A Breakdown of the Fed's Assets, 2000 to 2016 CHART 12.6 Assets Obtained Through Discounting Operations vs. Assets Purchas... CHART 12.7 The Fed's Total Assets, 2000 to 2016 CHART 12.8 A Breakdown of the Fed's Liabilities, 2000 to 2016 CHART 12.9 US Government Receipts and Outlays, 2000 to 2014 CHART 12.10 US Government Surplus or Deficit, 2000 to 2014 CHART 12.11 US Government Debt Owned by the Fed, 1945 to 2016 CHART 12.12 QE & the S&P CHART 12.13 S&P/Case Shiller 20 City Composite Home Price Index, 2000 to 201... CHART 12.14 Household Net Worth, 1952 to 2014 CHART 12.15 Total Foreign Exchange Reserves, 1970 to 2014 CHART 12.16 US Government Debt Owned by the Rest of the World, 1970 to 2014... CHART 12.17 US Government Debt Owned by the Fed and the Rest of the World, 1... CHART 12.18 The Fed's Total Assets, 1945 to 2016 CHART 12.19 A Breakdown of the Fed's Major Assets and Liabilities, 1945 to 2... CHART 12.20 Federal Reserve Credit, Annual $ Change, 1940 to 2016 CHART 12.21 Federal Reserve Credit and Its Components, 1914 to 2016 Chapter 13 CHART 13.1 Total Credit = Total Debt, 1945 to 2019 CHART 13.2 Total Credit to GDP, 1945 to 2019 CHART 13.3 The Ratio of Debt to GDP by Major Sector, 1945 to 2019 CHART 13.4 The Financial Sector Debt to GDP by Sub-Sector, 1945 to 2019 CHART 13.5 Non-financial Sector Debt to GDP by Sub-sector, 1945 to 2019 CHART 13.6 US Government Budget Deficit (–) or Surplus, 2000 to 2019 CHART 13.7 Non-financial Sector Debt by Sub-sector, 1945 to 2019 CHART 13.8 Total Credit, Annual Percentage Change, Adjusted for Inflation, 1... CHART 13.9 US Real GDP, Annual Percentage Change, 1981 to 2019 CHART 13.10 Credit Growth vs. GDP Growth, Adjusted for Inflation, 1952 to 20... CHART 13.11 Household Net Worth, 1952 to 2019 CHART 13.12 Households Net Worth as a Percentage of Disposable Personal Inco... CHART 13.13 Federal Reserve Credit, 1990 to 2018 CHART 13.14 Household Net Worth, Quarter on Quarter Change, 1991 to 2019 CHART 13.15 Federal Reserve Credit, 2000 to 2019 CHART 13.16 Household Net Worth, Annual Dollar Change, 1990 to 2019 Chapter 14 CHART 14.1 US Government Borrowing, Monthly, 2010 to June 2021 CHART 14.2 The Fed's Holdings of US Treasury Securities, Weekly Change, 2018... CHART 14.3 The Fed's Holdings of Mortgage-Backed Securities, Weekly Change, ... CHART 14.4 Reserve Bank Credit, Weekly Change, 2018 to June 30, 2021 CHART 14.5 Federal Reserve Credit, Weekly Change, 2006 to June 30, 2021 CHART 14.6 The Breakdown of Federal Reserve Credit: Securities Bought Outrig... CHART 14.7 Breakdown of Securities Held Outright, 2006 to June 30, 2021 CHART 14.8 Total Lending (formerly known as Discounting), 2006 to June 30, 2... CHART 14.9 A Breakdown of Total Lending Between Repos, Central Bank Swaps, L... CHART 14.10 Central Bank Liquidity Swaps, 2006 to June 30, 2021 CHART 14.11 Repurchase Agreements, 2006 to June 30, 2021 CHART 14.12 Loans, 2006 to June 30, 2021 CHART 14.13 Total Credit Facilities, 2006 to June 30, 2021 CHART 14.14 Federal Reserve Credit, 2006 to June 30, 2021 Chapter 15 CHART 15.1 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, 1919 to 1929... CHART 15.2 US Government Debt, 1900 to 1930 CHART 15.3 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, The 1930s... CHART 15.4 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, The 1940s... CHART 15.5 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, The 1950s... CHART 15.6 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, The 1960s... CHART 15.7 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, The 1970s... CHART 15.8CHART 15.8 US Current Account Balance: 1947 to 2016 CHART 15.9 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, The 1980s... CHART 15.10 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, The 1990s... CHART 15.11 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, 2000 to Mid... CHART 15.12 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, Mid-2008 to... CHART 15.13 Base Money vs. CPI, Percentage Change from Year Ago, January 202... CHART 15.14 Base Money vs. CPI: Percentage Change from Year Ago, 1919 to Mid... Chapter 17 CHART 17.1 The Capital Stock of the United States, 1925 to 2019 CHART 17.2 Annual Percentage Change in Fixed Assets, 1926 to 2019 CHART 17.3 Annual Percentage Change in Real Gross Domestic Fixed Investment,... CHART 17.4 Annual Percentage Change in Real Gross Domestic Product, 1940 to ... CHART 17.5 Government Investment as a Percentage of GDP, 1950 to 2019 CHART 17.6 The Breakdown of Total Investment Between Private Investment and ... CHART 17.7 Total Investment, including Private and Government Fixed Investme... CHART 17.8 Private Residential Investment, 1950 to 2019 CHART 17.9 Private Investment in Intellectual Property Products, 1950 to 201... CHART 17.10 Government Investment as a Percentage of GDP: Total, Federal, an... CHART 17.11 Federal Government Fixed Assets, Annual Percentage Change, 1926 ... CHART 17.12 Federal Government Fixed Assets, Annual Percentage Change, 1951 ... CHART 17.13 Annual Fixed Investment US vs. China, 1952 to 2019 CHART 17.14 Annual Fixed Investment: US vs. China, 1957 to 2019 Chapter 18 CHART 18.1 United States: Total R&D Expenditure, 1953 to 2018 CHART 18.2 Total R&D Expenditure, Annual Percentage Change, 1954 to 2018 CHART 18.3 R&D Expenditure by Source of Funds, 1953 to 2018 CHART 18.4 Federal Government Obligations for R&D and R&D Plant by Selected ... CHART 18.5 US: Total Expenditure on Basic Research, 1953 to 2018 CHART 18.6 Annual % Change in Total Expenditure on Basic Research, 1954 to 2... CHART 18.7 Expenditure on Basic Research: Federal Government, Business, and ... CHART 18.8 Federal Government Expenditure on Basic Research, Annual Percenta... CHART 18.9CHART 18.9 Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D by the United States,... CHART 18.10 Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D: The US vs. China, 2000 to 201... CHART 18.11 R&D Investment, Annual Dollar Change: The US vs. China, 2001 to ... CHART 18.12 R&D Investment, Annual Percentage Change: The US vs. China, 2001... CHART 18.13 Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D: The US vs. China, 2000 to 203... Chapter 19 CHART 19.1 The CBO's Projections for Government Debt to GDP, Pre- and Post-P... CHART 19.2 The CBO's Projections for GDP Growth, Pre- and Post-Pandemic, 202... CHART 19.3 The CBO's Projections for US GDP, Pre- and Post-Pandemic, 2019 to... CHART 19.4 The CBO's Current Projections for Government Debt and Nominal GDP... CHART 19.5 The $10 Trillion Investment Program, Investment per Year, 2020 to... CHART 19.6 Government Debt After the $10 Trillion Investment Program, 2019 t... CHART 19.7 Government Debt and GDP After the $10 Trillion Investment Program... CHART 19.8 Government Debt as a Percentage of GDP, Three Scenarios, 2019 to ... CHART 19.9 Government Debt as a Percentage of GDP, Three Scenarios, 1940 to ... CHART 19.10 Japan: Gross Government Debt to GDP, Percentage of GDP, 1980 to ... Chapter 20 CHART 20.1 The Fed's Remittances to the US Treasury Department, 1914 to 2020... CHART 20.2 The Fed's Balance Sheet, Major Items Only, 1945 to 2006 CHART 20.3 The Fed's Balance Sheet, Major Items Only, 1945 to 2014 CHART 20.4 The Effective Federal Funds Rate, 2008 to mid-2021 CHART 20.5 The Fed's Total Assets Projected to 2031 est. CHART 20.6 Fed's Total Assets as a Percentage of GDP, 1945 to 2031 est. CHART 20.7 BOJ Total Assets as Percentage of GDP, 2000 to 2020 CHART 20.8 The Fed's Balance Sheet Projected to 2031, Major Items Only, 1945... CHART 20.9 Bank Reserves as a percentage of Bank Deposits, 1945 to 2031 est.... CHART 20.10 Consumer Price Inflation, Monthly Percentage Change, January 201... Chapter 21 CHART 21.1 Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D: the US vs. China, 2000 to 2031...
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