The Legal Issues of the Emerging Rights

Acknowledgement
Contents
1 Introduction to the Emerging Rights
	1 Introduction
	2 Concept and Scope of the Emerging Rights
	3 The Formal Standards of the Emerging Rights
	4 The Substantive Standards of the Emerging Rights
	5 Rationale Behind the Emerging Rights
	6 The Means of Confirming Rights as ‘Emerging’ Rights
	7 Emerging Rights and Impact on the Development of Rights
	8 Conclusion
	References
2 Generation of Emerging Rights: Taking the Right to Outdoor Advertising as an Example
	1 Introduction
	2 Emerging “Rights” Generated in Local Legislations
		2.1 Laws and Delegated Local Legislations
		2.2 The Evolution of Local Legislative Modes and the Generation of Emerging Rights
	3 Types of Emerging Rights
		3.1 The Terminology as ‘Right’
		3.2 Integration of the Types of Emerging Rights
		3.3 “Outdoor Advertising Right” as an Emerging Right
	4 The Theoretical Living Space of Outdoor Advertising Rights
		4.1 The Process of Entitling Bundle Parts of Property Rights
		4.2 Is It Necessary to Realise the Right to Publish Outdoor Advertisements?
	5 Conclusion: Taking the Generation of Emerging Rights Serviously
	References
3 Administrative Right to Know
	1 Introduction
	2 The Ontology of the Administrative Right to Know
		2.1 The Concept of the Administrative Right to Know
		2.2 Analysis of the Constituent Elements of the Administrative Right to Know
		2.3 Realization of the Administrative Right to Information
		2.4 Remedies for Administrative Right to Know
		2.5 Legal Liabilities
	3 Resolutions to the Conflicts Between Administrative Right to Know and Civils Rights and Public Powers
		3.1 The Right to Administrative Information and the State Secrets Privilege
		3.2 Administrative Right to Know and Right to Commercial Confidentiality
	4 The Status Quo and Reflections on the Legislations and Practices of Administrative Right to Know in China
		4.1 The Status Quo and Reflections on the Legislations of Administrative Right to Know in China
		4.2 The Status Quo and Reflection on the Practice of Administrative Right to Know in China
	5 Conclusion
	References
4 Right to Information
	1 Introduction
	2 Information as a Legal Term
		2.1 Independence
		2.2 Intangibility/Invisibility
		2.3 Sharing
		2.4 Time-Sensitivity
	3 Information Rights
		3.1 Information as a Legal Object
		3.2 Right to Information and Its Functions
	4 Individual Information Rights
		4.1 Information Property Rights
		4.2 The Right to Information and the Right to Freedom of Expression as Information Rights
		4.3 The Right to Information Relating to Personal and Personal Interests
		4.4 The Right to Information Environment and Information Security
	5 Conclusion
	References
5 Genetic Rights
	1 Introduction
	2 Genetic Property Rights
		2.1 Personality or Property: Confusion Between Law and Interest
		2.2 Personality Property Rights: A New Approach
		2.3 Dimensions of Protecting Genetic “Personality Property Rights”
	3 Gene Patent Rights
		3.1 Legitimacy Argument and Ethical Critiques
	4 Practical Problems and Theoretical Innovation
		4.1 Controversy and Crux
		4.2 Power Conflicts and Confrontations
		4.3 Boundaries and Restrictions on Confirming Rights
	5 Genetic Privacy
		5.1 Basis of Legality
		5.2 Jurisprudential Implications
		5.3 Power and Protection
	References
6 Sexual Rights
	1 Introduction
	2 Ontological Interpretation of Sexual Rights
		2.1 Conceptual Definition of Sexual Rights
		2.2 Types and Contents of Sexual Rights
	3 Human Basic Instincts for the Existence of Sexual Rights
		3.1 Sexual Needs
		3.2 Personality as a Social Attribute of Men
		3.3 Diversity and Sexiness
		3.4 Happiness Persuit
	4 Social Basis for the Existence of Sexual Rights
		4.1 Improvement of Material Living Standards
		4.2 Changes in Production and Lifestyle
		4.3 Development of Science and Technology
	5 Legal Approaches to Sexual Rights
		5.1 Increasing Legal Tolerance Vis-À-Vis Sex
		5.2 Increasing Intolerance vis-à-vis Sex
		5.3 Tolerance Versus Intolerance: Basic Approaches to Sexual Rights
	6 Sexual Rights from the Legal Perspective
	References
7 The Right of Homosexuals to Marry
	1 Introduction
	2 Homosexuality as a Social Existence
		2.1 Homosexuality in the Social Setting
		2.2 Causes and Classification of Homosexuality
	3 Social Recognition of Homosexuality
		3.1 Self-identification of Homosexuals
		3.2 Social Identification of Homosexuals
		3.3 Homosexuals in the Legal Setting
	4 Legitimacy of the “Marriage” of Homosexuals
		4.1 Nature and Purpose of Marriage
		4.2 Homosexual Marriage from a Legal Right Perspective
	5 Practical Obstacles to the Marriage Rights of Homosexuals
		5.1 Conceptual Barriers
		5.2 Institutional Obstacles
	6 Legal Guarantees for Homosexuals’ Right to Marry
		6.1 Legislative Protection of the Right of Homosexuals to Marry
		6.2 Remedies for Infringement of Homosexuals’ Right to Marry
	7 Conclusion
	References
8 The Right to Euthanasia
	1 Introduction
	2 De Facto Euthanasia
		2.1 Concept and Practice Abroad
		2.2 Concept and Practices in China
	3 Definition of Euthanasia
		3.1 Existing Discussions on Concept and Classification
		3.2 Discussions in This Chapter
		3.3 Justification of Euthanasia
	4 Basis of the Right to Euthanasia
		4.1 Discussion on the Right to Die
		4.2 Discussion on Human Dignity
		4.3 Discussion on the Right to Life
	5 Design of the Right to Die Peacefully
		5.1 Nature of the Right to Die in Peace
		5.2 Characteristics of the Right to Die
		5.3 Exercising the Right to Die Peacefully
	References
9 The Right to an Adequate Standard of Living
	1 Introduction
	2 Debate on the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living as a Fundamental Human Right
		2.1 Right to an Adequate Standard of Living as a Justification for Fundamental Human Rights
		2.2 Examining the Controversy Surrounding the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living as a Fundamental Human Right and Its Implications
		2.3 A Brief Review of the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living as a Fundamental Human Right Debate
	3 Appropriate Standards for the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living
		3.1 Deconstructing the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living Through Appropriate Standards
		3.2 The Right to an Adequate Standard of Living, the Reconstruction of Appropriate Standards
		3.3 Determination of “Adequate Standards” for the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living
	4 Remedies for the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living
		4.1 The Fallacy of the Inadmissibility of the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living
		4.2 Models of Remedies for the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living
		4.3 Basic Principles of the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living Remedies—The Case of the South African Right to Health Remedies
	5 Realization of the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living in China: Taking the Low-Cost Housing System as an Example
		5.1 The Actual Standards and Subjects of the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living in China
		5.2 Survival, Poverty and Our Low-Cost Housing System
		5.3 The Realization of the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living in China Constructs the Social Identity of the Underprivileged Groups
	References
10 The Right to Clean Drinking Water
	1 Introduction
	2 Overview of the Right to Clean Drinking Water
		2.1 Historical Development of the Right to Clean Water
		2.2 The Nature of the Right to Clean Water
	3 The Content of the Right to Clean Drinking Water
		3.1 Content of the Right to Clean Water
		3.2 Subjects of Rights to the Right to Clean Drinking Water
		3.3 The Burden of Obligations on the Right to Clean Water
	4 Implementation Mechanisms for the Right to Clean Drinking Water
		4.1 Implementation Mechanisms at the International Dimension of the Right to Clean Water
		4.2 Implementation Mechanisms at the Domestic Level of the Right to Clean Water
	5 The Right to Clean Drinking Water in Contemporary China
		5.1 The Problems in China
		5.2 The Realization of the Right to Clean Drinking Water in China
	References
11 The Right to Food
	1 Introduction
	2 Food and the Right to Food
		2.1 The Meaning of Food
		2.2 General Interpretation of the Right to Food
	3 The Content of the Right to Food
		3.1 Institutional Framework of the Right to Food
		3.2 The Content of the Right to Food
		3.3 The Burden of Obligations on the Right to Food
	4 Mechanisms for the Implementation of the Right to Food
		4.1 The Leading Role of the State in the Implementation Mechanism of the Right to Food
		4.2 The Important Role of International Organizations in the Implementation Mechanism of the Right to Food
		4.3 The Active Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in the Implementation Mechanism of the Right to Food
	5 Theoretical Difficulties in the Right to Food
		5.1 Whether the Right to Food as a Human Right Has Universal Standards
		5.2 Reasons for Differences in the Standards of the Right to Food
		5.3 Problems Encountered in the Realization of the Right to Food
	6 The Right to Food in Contemporary China
		6.1 An Overview of the Right to Food Under the Current Legal Situation in Contemporary China
		6.2 Food Safety in China
		6.3 Poverty in the Right to Food in China
	7 Conclusion
	References
12 Protection of the Rights of Socially Vulnerable Groups
	1 Introduction
	2 The Rights of Vulnerable Groups in Contemporary China
	3 The Meaning of Protecting the Rights of Socially Vulnerable Groups
		3.1 Protection of Rights as a Means of Protection
		3.2 Protection of the Human Rights of Socially Vulnerable Groups
	4 Institutional Mechanisms for the Protection of the Rights of Socially Vulnerable Groups
		4.1 Due Process for the Expression of the Interests of Socially Vulnerable Groups
		4.2 Mechanisms for Realizing the Protection of Human Rights of Socially Vulnerable Groups
		4.3 Mechanisms for Remedy for the Rights of Socially Vulnerable Groups
	5 The Limits of the Protection of the Rights of Vulnerable Groups in Society
		5.1 Appropriateness of Protection of the Rights of Socially Vulnerable Groups
		5.2 Guidelines for the Protection of the Rights of Vulnerable Groups in Society
	6 Conclusion
	References