The Languages and Linguistics of Europe: A Comprehensive Guide

Table of contents......Page 6
List of contributors......Page 12
Introduction......Page 16
I. Typology of European languages......Page 20
1 The Baltic languages......Page 22
2 The Celtic languages......Page 50
3 The Germanic languages......Page 66
4 The Romance languages......Page 88
5 Slavonic languages......Page 116
6 The Caucasian languages......Page 144
7 The Turkic languages of Europe......Page 178
8 The Uralic languages......Page 198
9 Albanian......Page 218
10 Basque......Page 228
11 Greek......Page 242
12 Maltese......Page 260
13 Romani......Page 276
14 European signed languages – towards a typological snapshot......Page 288
II.1. Areal typology......Page 308
15 Standard Average European......Page 310
16 Balkan Sprachbund feature......Page 326
17 The Circum-Baltic languages......Page 344
18 Mediterranean languages......Page 360
II.2. Language contact......Page 376
19 Language contact in the North of Europe......Page 378
20 Language contact in the East and Northeast of Europe......Page 400
21 Language contact in Southwestern Europe......Page 412
22 Language contact in South-Eastern Europe......Page 428
23 Language contact of minority languages in Central and Southern Europe: a comparative approach......Page 448
II.3. Minority languages......Page 472
24 The old minority languages of Europe......Page 474
25 The immigrant minority languages of Europe......Page 486
II.4. Non-standard varieties......Page 502
26 Dialect vs. standard: a typology of scenarios in Europe......Page 504
27 Border effects in European dialect continua: dialect divergence and convergence......Page 520
28 Non-standard varieties in the areal typology of Europe......Page 544
III. Language politics and language policies in Europe......Page 564
29 Minorities, language politics and language planning in Europe......Page 566
30 Language policies at the Germanic-Romance language border: the case of Belgium, Luxembourg and Lorraine......Page 580
31 Feminist language politics in Europe......Page 594
32 English as a threat to other European languages and European multilingualism?......Page 610
33 English in intranational public discourse......Page 624
34 Language in political institutions of multilingual states and the European Union......Page 640
35 Language and the church: European perspectives......Page 658
36 Language and the school: European perspectives......Page 674
IV. History of European languages......Page 688
37 The prehistory of European languages......Page 690
38 The impact of migrations on the linguistic landscape of Europe......Page 702
39 The Renaissance and its impact on the languages of Europe......Page 716
40 Multilingual states and empires in the history of Europe: the Habsburg Monarchy......Page 732
41 Multilingual states and empires in the history of Europe: the Ottoman Empire......Page 748
42 Multilingual states and empires in the history of Europe: Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union......Page 764
43 Multilingual states and empires in the history of Europe: Yugoslavia......Page 780
44 Language and nation building in Europe......Page 794
V. Research traditions in Europe......Page 808
45 Research traditions up to and including the 18th century......Page 810
46 19th century linguistics: practice and theory......Page 824
47 European Structuralism......Page 840
48 European functionalism......Page 864
49 Generative grammar in Europe: some historical impressions......Page 886
Index of languages and varieties......Page 906
Index of names......Page 914
Index of subjects......Page 927