The Land of Houlouf: Genesis of a Chadic Polity, 1900 B.C.–A.D. 1800

Contents
List Of Figures
List Of Tables
Preface
Chapter 1. Chadian Plain Archaeology: An Outline
	Introduction
	Research History
	Modeling Site Location Strategies
	The Landscape: Past and Present
	Holocene Settlement Expansion
		The Early Holocene Settlement Phase
		The Late Holocene Settlement Phase
	Tempo and Modes of Late Stone Age Colonization
	Learning from Historical Linguistics
	Concluding Remarks
Chapter 2. Social Formations: An Archaeological Perspective
	Introduction
	Archaeology and Social Change
	Within the Black Box
	West African Social Formations: An Outline
	World Systems, Center-Periphery and Peer-Polity Interaction: A Case Study
		Warfare, Migrations and Settlement Relocation
		Pattern of Exchange, Rank and Hierarchy
	Archaeological Perspectives
Chapter 3. The Research Program
	Introduction
	Survey Operations
		Extensive and Selective Survey
		Judgmental Survey
		Intensive Survey
	The Study Area
	Excavation Strategies
Chapter 4. Excavations at Deguesse, Krenak, And Hamei
	Excavations at Deguesse
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence
		Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
	Excavations at Krenak
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence
		Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
	Excavations at Hamei
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence
		Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
Chapter 5. Excavations At Yaere Sites
	Excavations at Mishiskwa
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence
		Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
	Excavations at Madaf
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence
		Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
	Excavations at Amachita
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence, Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
	Excavations at Sororo
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence, Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
Chapter 6. Excavations At Southeastern Sites
	Excavations at Ble Mound A
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence
		Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
	Excavations at Ble Mound B
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence
		Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
	Excavations at Ble Mound C
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence
		Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
	Excavations at Ble Mound D
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence
		Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
	Excavations at Ble Mound E
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence, Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
	Excavations at Krenak-Sao
		Introduction
		The Stratigraphic Sequence
		Occupation Horizons and Archaeological Evidence
		Summary
Chapter 7. Excavations at Houlouf
	Introduction
	The Stratigraphic Sequence
	Occupation Horizon I
	Occupation Horizon II
	Occupation Horizon III
	Occupation Horizon IV
	Occupation Horizon V
	Occupation Horizon VI
	Occupation Horizon VII
	Occupation Horizon VIII
	The Palace Complex
	Surface Material
	Summary
Chapter 8. The Formation Of The Landscape
	Introduction: Hypotheses
	Before the Mounds: Ancient Topography of the Study Area
	Geomorphological Probes
		Sedimentary Buildup in a Fossil Channel
		Abani Channel-Krenak-Sao Geomorphological Transect
Chapter 9. Genesis Of The Houlouf Chiefdom
	Introduction
	A Long Prelude: The Deguesse Phase
	The Krenak Phase
	The Mishiskwa Phase
	The Ble Phase
	The Houlouf Phase
	The Houlouf Phase A Cemetery
		Burial Facilities and the Disposal of the Dead
		Distribution of Grave Goods
		Spatial Organization of the Cemetery
		The Fabric of the Elite
		Procurement Strategies and Accumulation of Material Capital
		From Material to Symbolic Capital
		Cemetery Space, Social Factions and Occupational Hierarchy
		Spatial Context of the Cemetery
		Formal Disposal Area and Social Dynamics
	The Collapse of the Houlouf Chiefdom
	Surface Material and Archaeological Inference
Chapter 10. Contingency,"Events," "Mentalites," Conjonctures And Social Formations
	Landscape and Regional Settlement Dynamics
	Mound Formation Processes
	Subsistence Patterns: Long-Term Perspectives
	Craft Specialization
		Ceramic Production
		Salt Production
		Fish Processing and Smoking
		Metal Production
		Long-Distance Exchange
	Events, Mentalites, Conjonctures, and Social Formations
		Events
		Mentalites
		Social Formations
References
Appendix A. Houlouf Pottery Descriptions