The Holocaust and Antisemitism: A Short History

Contents......Page 8
Acknowledgements......Page 13
Introduction......Page 16
THE STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK......Page 23
THE ELUSIVE AND EMOTIVE NATURE OF THE SUBJECT......Page 25
CONVENTIONS......Page 26
Part I THE HOLOCAUST AND ANTISEMITISM: THEORETICAL ISSUE......Page 28
INTRODUCING THE PROBLEM......Page 30
APPROACHING THE HOLOCAUST......Page 33
THE ROLE OF ANTISEMITISM IN THE HOLOCAUST......Page 36
HITLER’S ANTISEMITIC WORLDVIEW......Page 38
EXPLAINING HITLER......Page 42
RECALLING THE HOLOCAUST......Page 43
WAYS OF RETELLING THE HOLOCAUST......Page 45
HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HOLOCAUST......Page 52
THE INTENTIONALISTS AND THE FUNCTIONALISTS......Page 59
NO HITLER, NO HOLOCAUST......Page 63
THE JEWISH–CHRISTIAN RELATIONSHIP AS A CAUSE OF THE HOLOCAUST......Page 64
THE GREAT ABSTRACTIONS......Page 66
HITLER’S WILLING EXECUTIONERS......Page 70
A COUNTER-EXPLANATION......Page 74
THE UNIQUENESS OF THE HOLOCAUST......Page 76
THE HOLOCAUST AND APARTHEID......Page 79
ANTISEMITISM: THE BAFFLING OBSESSION1......Page 83
THE EMERGENCE OF THE WORD “ANTISEMITISM”......Page 85
USING THE TERM “ANTISEMITISM”......Page 88
ANTISEMITISM’S CONTRADICTORY NATURE......Page 90
THEORIES TO EXPLAIN ANTISEMITISM......Page 92
THE HISTORICAL APPROACH TO ANTISEMITISM......Page 98
HOW OLD IS ANTISEMITISM?......Page 100
THE SEARCH FOR THE “PRIOR” NEGATIVE IMAGE......Page 102
THE HOLOCAUST: A “TWISTED DEPENDENCY” ON CHRISTIAN TEACHING......Page 108
ALLOSEMITISM......Page 109
“JUSTIFYING” ANTISEMITISM......Page 110
Part II PRE-CHRISTIAN ANTISEMITISM......Page 112
INTRODUCTION: WHY JUDAISM?......Page 114
THE “MYTHICAL” AS A DIMENSION OF RELIGION......Page 118
JUDAISM’S UNDERSTANDING OF HISTORY......Page 120
THE ESSENTIALS OF BIBLICAL HISTORY......Page 124
THE MEANING OF THE EXODUS......Page 125
THE JEWS IN EXILE......Page 127
THE BACKLASH AGAINST HELLENISM......Page 130
SECOND TEMPLE JUDAISM......Page 131
A REVEALED PATTERN OF HISTORY......Page 133
RABBINIC MIDRASH......Page 134
OTHER FORMS OF MIDRASH......Page 137
THE HALLOWING OF THE EVERYDAY ACT......Page 139
RABBINIC RESPONSES TO HOSTILITY......Page 140
THE CONFLICT BETWEEN JACOB AND ESAU......Page 142
4 Pagan antisemitism......Page 144
IS PAGAN ANIMOSITY “ANTISEMITISM”?......Page 146
THE IRRESOLVABLE DISPUTE......Page 148
PAGAN PERSPECTIVES......Page 150
GOVERNMENT ANTISEMITISM......Page 153
POPULAR ANTISEMITISM......Page 156
THE ANTISEMITISM OF THE INTELLECTUALS......Page 157
ANTISEMITISM OF EGYPTIAN PROVENANCE......Page 159
THE WIDER TRADITION OF HELLENISTIC ANTIPATHY......Page 162
GNOSTICISM......Page 165
THE CHARM OF JUDAISM......Page 167
Part III INTER-RELIGIOUS RIVALRY AND ANTISEMITISM......Page 170
5 The dynamics of Christian antisemitism......Page 172
PUNISHING THE CHRIST KILLERS......Page 173
CHRISTIAN THEOLOGISING OF JEWISH HISTORY......Page 176
THE THREE FOCI OF CHRISTIANITY’S TEACHING OF CONTEMPT FOR THE JEWS......Page 179
A BRIEF REVIEW OF THE SCHOLARSHIP ON THE CHRISTIAN ROOTS OF ANTISEMITISM......Page 184
RUETHER’S INFLUENCE......Page 188
BROADENING THE CONVERSATION IN EARLY CHRISTIAN TIMES......Page 189
RECONSTRUCTING EARLY CHRISTIANITY......Page 193
THE GOSPELS AS “HISTORY”......Page 196
JESUS......Page 197
FINDING THE HISTORICAL JESUS......Page 199
JESUS THE JEW......Page 201
RISKING THE TRUTH......Page 205
THE INFLUENCE OF PAUL......Page 207
THE TRADITIONAL UNDERSTANDING OF PAUL......Page 208
REINTERPRETING PAUL......Page 210
PAUL AND THE JEWS’ BLINDNESS......Page 215
IS THE NEW TESTAMENT ANTISEMITIC?......Page 216
THE LEGALISATION OF THE TEACHING OF CONTEMPT......Page 220
THE “GOLDEN” MOUTH......Page 224
THE FIRST CRUSADE......Page 226
MARTIN LUTHER......Page 229
THE STEREOTYPE IN LITERATURE......Page 231
WHY WAS THE “OLD TESTAMENT” RETAINED?......Page 232
WHAT IF MARCION HAD WON?......Page 235
THE EMERGENCE OF ISLAM......Page 237
THE 2001 UNITED NATIONS WORLD CONFERENCE AGAINST RACISM, DURBAN, SOUTH AFRICA......Page 238
ISLAM: THE YOUNGEST OF THE WORLD’S MAJOR FAITHS......Page 240
JEWS UNDER ISLAM......Page 243
THE DHIMMI......Page 244
MUHAMMAD AND THE JEWS OF MEDINA......Page 247
JEWS AS PERIPHERAL......Page 251
ISLAM’S ASCENDANCY AND DECLINE......Page 252
ISLAM INVADED......Page 254
THE JEWS’ RETURN TO SOVEREIGNTY......Page 255
ANTI-ZIONISM AND ANTISEMITISM......Page 256
THIRD WORLD ATTITUDES......Page 259
FUNDAMENTALIST ISLAM AND ANTISEMITISM......Page 262
Part IV SECULARISATION OF ANTISEMITISM......Page 266
THE BACKGROUND......Page 268
THE EMANCIPATION OF THE JEWS......Page 271
INTERNAL CHANGES......Page 274
THE PROCESS OF EMANCIPATION......Page 277
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE......Page 280
THE LAST EMBERS OF THEOLOGICAL DENIGRATION......Page 282
RATIONALIST ANTISEMITISM......Page 283
VOLTAIRE......Page 284
RACE AND ANTISEMITISM......Page 287
THE DEVELOPMENT OF RACIST ANTISEMITISM......Page 288
CZARIST RUSSIA AND THE PROTOCOLS OF THE ELDERS OF ZION......Page 296
SOVIET ANTISEMITISM......Page 300
POST-SOVIET ANTISEMITISM......Page 303
FRANCE AND THE DREYFUS AFFAIR......Page 305
PRELUDE TO GENOCIDE......Page 307
WAS THE HOLOCAUST INEVITABLE?......Page 311
Epilogue......Page 314
ANTISEMITISM NOW......Page 316
DENIAL OF THE HOLOCAUST......Page 320
ANTISEMITISM ON THE INTERNET......Page 322
THE HOLOCAUST IN JEWISH SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS......Page 324
WHAT CAN ANYONE DO?......Page 328
Notes......Page 334
Bibliography......Page 340
Index......Page 352