The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India

Preface The Sources  Mesopotamia Bactria and India An Overview Armenia Mesopotamia and the Gulf Region Assyria and Apolloniatis The Iranian Plateau Bactria India  I. Armenia Arsamosata Artaxata Artemita Epiphaneia on the Tigris Nicea Nialia Nikopolis Philadelpheia Tigranokerta  II. Northern Mesopotamia Alagma Alexandreia in Mesopotamia Alexandreia in Mygdonia Amida Anthemousias Charax Sidou Antioch Arabis Antioch in Mygdonia Apameia on the Euphrates Dara/Dora Diospage Edessa/Antioch on the Kallirhoe Ichnai Kallinikon Karrhai Kirkesion Makedonoupolis Nikatoris Nikephorion Constantina/Constantia Nikephorion (Raqqah) Polyteleia Selok Stratonikeia Zenodotion  III. Assyria and Apolloniatis/Sittakene Alexandreia Arbela Alexandreia in Assyria Antioch Apameia Apollonia Artemita Atousia Beth Nikator/Nikator Station Chala Demetrias Diadochoupolis Karka de Beth Selok Ktesiphon Laodikeia Natounia or Natounisarokerta   Nikator Selok near Karka Juddan Sittake  IV. Southern Mesopotamia and the Persian Gulf Alexandreia/Antioch/Spasinou Charax Alexandreia near Babylon [Alexandreia] near the Pallakopas Alexandreia on the Tigris Alexandrou Nesos Arakia Altars of Alexander Antioch in Persis Antioch on the Ishtar Canal Apameia in Mesene Apameia near the Seleias Apollonia Arethousa Artemita Babylon Bahrain Chalkis Ikaros Karrhai Larisa Neapolis on the Euphrates *Nikatoropolis Portus Macedonum Seleukeia on the Erythraean Sea Seleukeia on the Euphrates (Babylonia) Seleukeia on the Tigris Seleukeia ??? ???SO? Trapezous Uruk Zetis  V. Elymais, Susiana, Persis, and Carmania Alexandreia ??? S??S??S Alexandreia in Carmania Alexandreia in Susiana Alexandreia ???S ???S?S Alexandrou Nesos Arakia Altars of Alexander Antioch in Persis Arbis in Gedrosia Gabai Hermoupolis Ionaka Polis Laodikeia Masjid-i Sulaiman Methone Portus Macedonum Seleukeia in Elymais Seleukeia near the Hedyphon Seleukeia on the Erythraean Sea Seleukeia on the Eulaios Stasis Tanagra Tragonike Zetis  VI. Media, Hyrcania, and Parthia Achaia in Parthia Alexandropolis Apameia Bisitun Charax Charis Epiphaneia Ekbatana Eumeneia Europos Rhagai Hekatompylos Herakleia Kalliope Kangavar Karafto Khurha Laodikeia in Media Laodikeia Nihavand Nisaia (Nigaia) Settlements Founded by Alexander among the Kossaioi Sirynx Soteira  VII. Aria, Sogdiana, Bactria, and Arachosia Achaia in Aria Ai Khanoum Alexandreia/Alexandropolis in Sakastane Alexandreia/Antioch in Margiana Alexandreia/Antioch in Scythia Alexandreia/Antioch Tharmata Alexandreia Eschate Alexandreia in Arachosia Alexandreia in Aria Alexandreia in Opiane Alexandreia in Parapamisadai Alexandreia in Sogdiana Alexandreia Kapisa Alexandreia near Baktra Alexandreia of the Caucasus Alexandreia on the Tanais Alexandreia Oxeiana Alexandreschata in Scythia Antioch Arigaion Artakoana/Artakaena Demetrias in Arachosia Demetrias in Sogdiana Eukratideia Herakleia/Achais (Achaia) Iasonion Kadrusia/um Kampyr Tepe Marakanda Nikaia Prophthasia Rhoitia in Bactria Soteira Tetragonis Thera in Sogdiana  VIII. India Alexander's Harbor Alexandreia [?] at the Junction of the Akesines and Indus Alexandreia by Poros Alexandreia in Makarene Alexandreia ???? ??? ?????? ?????? Alexandreia of the Oreitai Alexandreia [?] of the Sogdoi [Alexandreia] on the Akesines Alexandreia ???? SO??????S Alexandreia Rhambakia Alexandropolis Antioch Tharmata Arbis Asterousia Barke Bazira Boukephala Byzantion Charis Daidala Demetrias in Sind Iomousa Kalliope Leuke Massaga [Chief City of] Musikanos/oi Nagara Dionysopolis Nikaia Nysa Ora, Massaga, and Bazira Orobatis Pantipolis Patala Pentapolis Pushkalavati Sagala Euthymedia Salagissa Taxila Theophila Xoana Xylinepolis  Appendices I. Founders II. Settlements in Mesopotamia and Iran Attributed to Alexander III. Greek and Macedonian Toponyms and Names/Words That (Re)appear in Mesopotamia and Regions Farther East IV. Refoundations and New Foundations V. Foundations at or near Major Religious Centers VI. Civic Institutions and Offices VII. Ethnics and Toponyms VIII. The Toponymy of the Hellenistic Settlements IX. Polis Hellenis X. The Ethnic "Babylonian"  Abbreviations Select Bibliography Index Maps