The Handbook of East Asian Psycholinguistics: Volume 3, Korean

Half-title......Page 3
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Figures......Page 11
Tables......Page 14
Contributors......Page 17
Preface......Page 21
The basics of Korean......Page 23
Part I Language acquisition......Page 25
Part II Language processing......Page 34
Part I Language acquisition......Page 43
Purpose......Page 45
Pragmatic constraint......Page 46
Morpho-syntactic constraint......Page 47
Data......Page 48
Development of pragmatic constraints......Page 49
Development of morpho-syntactic constraints......Page 53
Summary and conclusions......Page 54
Introduction......Page 56
Prior research: theoretical approaches and research questions......Page 57
Subjects and methodology......Page 60
A discourse-functional model of argument structure......Page 61
The intersection of lexicon (verbs) and discourse (arguments)......Page 62
Transitive argument structure realizations......Page 64
Preferred Argument Structure......Page 67
Discussion and future directions......Page 68
Background......Page 72
Developmental sequence of case markers......Page 74
Acquisition of grammatical functions......Page 80
Discussion......Page 82
Theoretical claims for the noun bias......Page 85
Theoretical claims against the noun bias......Page 86
Participants of the studies......Page 87
Criterion for verbs......Page 88
Number of total words in production......Page 89
Proportions of nouns and verbs......Page 90
Discussion......Page 92
Introduction......Page 94
Evidence from the scope of negation......Page 96
Experimental investigations......Page 100
Experiment 1......Page 102
Experiment 2......Page 111
General discussion......Page 113
Introduction......Page 115
Syntax–semantics correspondences for locative verbs in English and Korean......Page 117
Method......Page 120
Results......Page 122
Summary of findings......Page 124
Discussion......Page 125
Conclusions and further research......Page 127
Theories of language and thought......Page 129
Crosslinguistic differences in spatial semantics of containment and support......Page 131
The categories of IN and ON in English, and KKITA in Korean......Page 133
Spatial categorization in early production......Page 135
Spatial categorization in early comprehension......Page 137
Preverbal spatial cognition......Page 139
Nonlinguistic sensitivity to spatial categories in adults......Page 143
Discussion......Page 144
Two forms of negation in Korean......Page 149
NEG placement error: data......Page 152
VP negation or mis-setting of adjunction parameter......Page 155
Lack of object raising in the child grammar: delay of A-chain......Page 156
Concluding remarks......Page 157
Introduction......Page 159
Developmental facts......Page 160
Influential factors......Page 162
Subjects......Page 163
Experimental design......Page 164
Procedure......Page 165
Results and discussion......Page 166
Conclusions......Page 170
The Subset Principle......Page 172
Logophoricity......Page 174
Relational hierarchy......Page 177
Conclusion......Page 180
Introduction......Page 182
Factors due to syntactic configuration......Page 183
Factors due to language learners\' sloppy grammar\n......Page 184
Monolingual children\'s strategic processing of the Korean \nrelative clause......Page 185
Quantitative differences in the processing of relative clauses between monolingual and bilingual speakers......Page 188
Conclusion......Page 189
Naturalistic studies......Page 190
Experimental studies......Page 191
Conclusion......Page 195
Overview......Page 197
Approach......Page 198
Functional elements in Korean......Page 199
Child Korean data......Page 202
Acquisiti on of verb inflections......Page 203
Discussion: crosslinguistic difference in the development of functional categories......Page 206
Introduction......Page 209
How mood/modality indicators emerge......Page 211
Endings involving mood......Page 212
Endings involving modality......Page 222
Mixed modality and misapplication......Page 230
Occurrence order constraints......Page 231
Negation......Page 233
Reported speech marker -tay and pre-relative head proominals kes and tey......Page 236
Tense/aspect......Page 237
Conclusion......Page 241
Overmarking......Page 243
Kes in child Korean......Page 245
The syntactic status of kes......Page 247
The pronoun as determiner analysis......Page 250
Conclusion......Page 251
Introduction......Page 253
Development of passives......Page 254
The syntax of the Korean passive......Page 255
Event structures of passive predicates......Page 256
Predictions on development......Page 258
Subjects and task......Page 260
Results and discussion......Page 261
Conclusion......Page 264
Abstract......Page 266
Test sentences......Page 268
Results......Page 270
Discussion......Page 273
Future research......Page 275
Introduction......Page 277
Perception/comprehension study......Page 281
Production study......Page 285
Conclusion and discussion......Page 288
Introduction......Page 290
Language and cultural practices at home......Page 291
Parenthild relationship......Page 293
Salvaging \'lost\' heritage languages\n......Page 294
Reacquisition of Korean as a heritage language......Page 296
Concluding remarks......Page 297
Introduction......Page 298
L2 studies on the CPH/SPH......Page 299
Experiment 1......Page 301
Experiment 2......Page 303
Further research......Page 306
Introduction......Page 308
Theoretical background: definiteness and specificity......Page 310
Hypothesis and predictions......Page 312
Methods......Page 314
Written elicitation task......Page 315
Results and discussion......Page 316
The role of partitivity in the L2-acquisition of English articles......Page 317
Acquisition of articles by child L1 learners: the effect of partitivity......Page 318
Research question and hypothesis......Page 320
Participants......Page 321
Written elicitation task......Page 322
Results......Page 324
Conclusion......Page 325
Introduction......Page 327
Experiment 2: grammaticality judgment test (GJT)......Page 330
Subjects......Page 331
The analytical design......Page 332
Expected distribution over the four categories......Page 333
Criterion for categorization......Page 334
Grammaticality Judgment Test (GJT)......Page 335
General discussion......Page 336
Conclusion......Page 339
Introduction......Page 340
General description of the main study......Page 341
Korean pronunciation......Page 343
English pronunciation......Page 344
Relative pronunciation proficiency in Korean and English......Page 345
Patterns of relative proficiency in L1 and L2......Page 346
Conclusions derived from the main study......Page 347
Length of residence (LOR) effects on English pronunciation......Page 348
Word class differences and English pronunciation accuracy......Page 350
Directions for future research......Page 351
Introduction......Page 353
Morpho-syntactic properties......Page 354
The equivalence constraint (EC)......Page 355
The free morpheme constraint (FMC)......Page 356
The matrix language (ML) approach......Page 358
The government approach: head directionality......Page 359
Discussion......Page 360
Language-specific features......Page 361
Language dominance......Page 362
Future directions......Page 364
Introduction......Page 366
Codeswitching as a contextualization cue......Page 368
Codeswitching and kinship terms in the KAC meetings......Page 369
Discussion......Page 372
Introduction......Page 373
Ontology versus shape in word learning......Page 374
Crosslinguistic evidence of ontology versus shape in word learning......Page 375
English, Japanese, and Korean data......Page 376
Crosslinguistic discussion of English, Japanese, and Korean......Page 380
Introduction......Page 383
A history of sign language in Korea......Page 385
A brief review of the debate about mode of communication with regard to the acquisition of sign language......Page 388
A brief review of distinguished research on the linguistic properties of KSL......Page 389
Translation systems for Korean Sign Language......Page 394
Directions for future research......Page 395
Summary......Page 397
Part II Language processing......Page 399
Background......Page 401
Similarity structure among letters and syllable blocks......Page 403
Psychological reality of syllable block types......Page 405
Basic processing unit of syllable blocks......Page 406
Influence of the usableness or meaningfulness of syllable blocks......Page 408
Concluding remarks......Page 410
Speaker variation......Page 412
Normalization methods......Page 413
Theories of speech perception......Page 414
Vowel production by Koreans and Americans......Page 416
Vowel perception by Koreans and Americans......Page 417
Concluding remarks......Page 419
Introduction......Page 420
Morphological priming in languages other than Korean......Page 422
Experiments in Korean......Page 423
Morphological level representations in a mental lexicon model......Page 427
General discussion......Page 428
Two pathways in word recognition......Page 431
Different word recognition processes of Hangul and Hanja......Page 432
Frequency effects in naming tasks......Page 433
Homophony effects in semantic categorization tasks......Page 434
Flexible use of phonology in the recognition of Hangul words......Page 436
Script-switching effects in Hangul and Hanja......Page 437
Conclusion......Page 439
32 Lexical and sublexical processes in Korean word recognition......Page 440
Sublexical processing in Hangul......Page 441
Syllable-level processing of Hangul......Page 443
Summary and conclusions......Page 444
Introduction......Page 445
Intonation of Korean......Page 446
Intonation of English......Page 448
Similarities......Page 449
Differences......Page 450
The role of prosody in sentence processing......Page 451
Future research......Page 453
34 Korean sentence processing......Page 455
Incremental processing......Page 456
Minimal attachment......Page 457
Late closure......Page 458
Processing of Korean topic marker......Page 460
Summary and conclusion......Page 462
Introduction......Page 464
The constraints of sentence representation......Page 465
The advantage of first mention......Page 466
Temporal contributions of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors......Page 467
The interaction effects between syntactic position and semantic role......Page 469
The effect of clause recency......Page 471
Semanticias effect......Page 472
Summary and conclusions......Page 474
36 Understanding complex sentences: memory constraints and informational structure......Page 476
Sentence complexity, memory constraints and informational structure......Page 478
Memory and information structure in the comprehension of Korean......Page 481
Introduction......Page 485
Materials......Page 487
ERP recordings......Page 488
Event-related potential data......Page 489
Visual inspection......Page 490
Statistical analysis......Page 492
Discussion......Page 493
Anaphoric inference......Page 496
Effects of causal inference and predictability on memory......Page 499
Processing of contrast information......Page 501
Elaborative inference......Page 503
Conclusion......Page 504
Introduction......Page 506
Case marker as a grammatical morpheme......Page 507
Morphemic ambiguity resolution......Page 509
Agrammatism and functional category......Page 511
Pronouns and discourse......Page 513
Discussion......Page 514
Introduction......Page 516
Production data......Page 517
Comprehension of simple N-N-V sentences......Page 518
Comprehension of complex sentences: relative clauses and passive sentences......Page 520
Discussion......Page 523
Introduction......Page 526
Speech production and comprehension in agrammatism......Page 527
Theories of agrammatic comprehension......Page 529
Processing accounts......Page 530
Competence accounts......Page 532
Sentence comprehension patterns in Korean agrammatism......Page 533
Experimental data from Korean agrammatic comprehension......Page 534
Experimental data from English agrammatic comprehension......Page 537
Summary......Page 538
Introduction......Page 539
Sensory processing deficits......Page 540
Transparency......Page 542
Script format......Page 543
Learning how letters map to sounds......Page 544
Korean and English poor readers......Page 545
Sensory-level processing......Page 546
Discussion......Page 547
The lack of visual differences in Korean......Page 548
Introduction......Page 550
Korean reading span task......Page 551
Brief overview of word ambiguity resolution......Page 552
Individual differences in word ambiguity resolution......Page 553
Discussion......Page 557
Linguistic characteristics in Korean lexical processing......Page 560
What is the representation unit of Korean Eojeols in the mental lexicon?......Page 561
Inspiration from machine readable dictionaries......Page 564
Frequency-based trie model......Page 565
Experimental results of the proposed FB-trie......Page 567
Conclusion......Page 568
References......Page 569
Name Index......Page 643
Subject Index......Page 655