The Estuarine Ecosystem: Ecology, Threats, and Management (Oxford Biology)

Contents......Page 8
1.1 Introduction......Page 10
1.2 Estuarine circulation......Page 14
1.3 Estuarine sediments......Page 18
1.4 Other physico-chemical factors......Page 21
1.5 Brackish seas and coastal lagoons......Page 24
2.1 Distribution of estuarine organisms......Page 28
2.2 Problems of life in estuaries......Page 31
2.3 The estuarine food web......Page 36
3.1 Introduction......Page 43
3.2 Salt marshes......Page 45
3.4 Intertidal plants and macroalgae......Page 48
3.5 Microphytobenthos......Page 51
3.6 Phytoplankton......Page 52
3.7 Detritus......Page 55
3.8 Summation of plant and microbial production in estuaries......Page 58
4.1 Introduction......Page 62
4.2 The mud dwellers—benthic deposit feeders......Page 65
4.3 The surface dwellers—benthic suspension-feeders and algal grazers......Page 69
4.4 Meiofauna......Page 70
4.5 Zooplankton......Page 73
4.6 The primary consumer community......Page 77
4.7 Role of primary consumers in the estuarine ecosystem......Page 79
5.1 Introduction......Page 82
5.2 Fish......Page 83
5.3 Invertebrates......Page 91
5.4 Birds......Page 93
5.5 The impact of the secondary consumers......Page 98
5.6 Role of the secondary consumers in the estuarine ecosystem......Page 99
6.1 Introduction......Page 101
6.2 Estuarine pollution......Page 103
6.3 Sewage pollution......Page 106
6.4 Diffuse sources of nutrients......Page 107
6.5 Organic enrichment......Page 110
6.6 Overall system change......Page 111
6.7 Fisheries and aquaculture......Page 114
6.8 Industrial contamination......Page 122
6.9 Land-claim, coastal defences, and engineering works......Page 130
6.10 Power generation......Page 137
6.11 Estuarine barriers and barrages......Page 140
6.12 Other uses......Page 144
6.13 Conflicting uses......Page 145
7.1 Introduction......Page 146
7.2 Individual change......Page 149
7.3 Population responses: Population dynamics, growth, mortality rates, and population models......Page 155
7.4 Community level assessments......Page 156
7.5 Integrated estuarine assessments and ecosystem changes......Page 161
7.6 Monitoring, surveillance, and survey design......Page 162
7.7 Final comments......Page 165
8.2 Policies and philosophies......Page 167
8.3 Planning and designations......Page 169
8.4 Practice......Page 181
8.5 Final remarks......Page 197
Reading list......Page 199
C......Page 218
G......Page 219
M......Page 220
R......Page 221
U......Page 222
Z......Page 223