The Emergence of Civilisation: From hunting and gathering to agriculture, cities and the state of the Near East

Book Cover	(1 XYZ -173 653 null)
Title	(2 XYZ null 600 null)
Copyright	(3 XYZ null 524 null)
Contents	(4 XYZ null 600 null)
List of figures	(7 XYZ null 600 null)
List of maps	(9 XYZ null 600 null)
List of tables	(10 XYZ null 600 null)
Acknowledgements	(15 XYZ null 600 null)
Preliminary	(16 XYZ null 600 null)
Chapter one Introduction	(22 XYZ null 600 null)
	1 The disciplines of archaeology and anthropology	(22 XYZ null 468 null)
	2 Social evolution and anthropology	(27 XYZ null 324 null)
	3 Social science and archaeology	(33 XYZ null 192 null)
Chapter two The premisses of social succession	(36 XYZ null 600 null)
	1 The relationship of demography and technology to social structure	(36 XYZ null 468 null)
	2 Is population pressure an historical constant?	(45 XYZ null 576 null)
	3 Is agriculture the outcome of technological discoveries?	(50 XYZ null 312 null)
	4 Mutation and succession	(58 XYZ null 336 null)
Chapter three The ecology of the Zagrosian Arc	(64 XYZ null 600 null)
	1 Physical geography	(64 XYZ null 324 null)
	2 Neothermal conditions	(72 XYZ null 240 null)
	3 The advent of Homo sapiens sapiens	(74 XYZ null 564 null)
	4 Post-glacial conditions in the Near East	(74 XYZ null 204 null)
	5 The cereal revolution	(84 XYZ null 600 null)
	6 Cereals as the basis of a self-amplifying system	(86 XYZ null 276 null)
Chapter four The origin and growth of villages	(96 XYZ null 600 null)
	1 The Levant	(96 XYZ null 360 null)
	2 Tell Mureybet	(100 XYZ null 264 null)
		Phase IA	(101 XYZ null 138 null)
		Phase IB	(103 XYZ null 420 null)
		 Phase II	(104 XYZ null 600 null)
		Phase III	(104 XYZ null 186 null)
		Phase IVA and IVB	(107 XYZ null 552 null)
		Site, situation, and subsistence	(109 XYZ null 528 null)
	3 The Zagros	(111 XYZ null 228 null)
	4 Khuzistan	(113 XYZ null 540 null)
		Bus Mordeh Phase: 8,200–7,200 BC	(117 XYZ null 504 null)
		Ali Kosh Phase: 7,200–6,400 BC	(117 XYZ null 132 null)
		Mohammed Jaffar Phase: 6,400–6,100 BC	(118 XYZ null 240 null)
		Sabz Phase: 5,200–4,800 BC	(119 XYZ null 348 null)
		Chogha Mami Transitional Phase (Chogha Sefid site): 5,400–5,100 BC	(121 XYZ null 564 null)
		Sabz Phase (Chogha Sefid site): 5,200–5,000 BC	(121 XYZ null 168 null)
		Khazineh Phase 5,000–4,800 BC	(122 XYZ null 456 null)
		Mehmeh Phase: 4,860–4,400 BC	(122 XYZ null 156 null)
		Bayat at Phase: 4,400–3,900 BC	(123 XYZ null 360 null)
	5 The crystallization of the village as a type	(132 XYZ null 300 null)
	6 Demography in the Pristine Neolithic	(136 XYZ null 144 null)
Chapter five The heartland of cities	(146 XYZ null 600 null)
	1 Periodization and the beginnings of history	(146 XYZ null 468 null)
	2 City genesis	(149 XYZ null 480 null)
	3 Jemdet Nasr to Dynastic periods	(155 XYZ null 348 null)
	4 Subordination and theories of stratification	(159 XYZ null 168 null)
Chapter six The institutions of urbanism	(168 XYZ null 600 null)
	1 Ecology and oikos	(175 XYZ null 432 null)
	2 Corporate citizenship	(182 XYZ null 295 null)
	3 Ensi and lugal as heads of state	(183 XYZ null 216 null)
	4 Monarchic initiatives	(185 XYZ null 324 null)
	5 Monarchy to proto-empire	(189 XYZ null 600 null)
	6 The norms of rulership	(193 XYZ null 408 null)
	7 Organization of the economy	(196 XYZ null 156 null)
	8 Grain productivity and its stability	(203 XYZ null 180 null)
	9 The Old Babylonian period and the end of the ration system	(207 XYZ null 588 null)
Chapter seven Theories of the state	(212 XYZ null 600 null)
	1 Evolutionary underpinning to theories of the state	(213 XYZ null 600 null)
	2 Models of state formation	(216 XYZ null 600 null)
		A: Managerialism	(216 XYZ null 306 null)
			(i) Service	(216 XYZ null 264 null)
			(iia) Flannery	(220 XYZ null 150 null)
			(iib) Wittfogel	(224 XYZ null 552 null)
		B: Stress models	(227 XYZ null 420 null)
			(i) Competition and conquest	(227 XYZ null 395 null)
			(ii) The stratification model	(228 XYZ null 156 null)
	3 Relations of production and the advent of the state in Mesopotamia	(231 XYZ null 360 null)
Chapter eight From status to state	(233 XYZ null 600 null)
	1 Status as the prerequisite of all social roles and offices	(233 XYZ null 468 null)
	2 Intrinsic sources of rank	(236 XYZ null 348 null)
	3 Loci of authority in the conditions of reproduction	(241 XYZ null 168 null)
	4 The ‘Asiatic’ mode of stratification by conical clans	(247 XYZ null 254 null)
	5 Divergent Neolithics	(265 XYZ null 204 null)
Chapter nine Modelling societies: modes of production	(273 XYZ null 600 null)
	The Asiatic mode	(277 XYZ null 456 null)
Chapter ten Ideology and political economy of the Mesopotamian state	(286 XYZ null 600 null)
	1 Order and law	(288 XYZ null 168 null)
	2 The political terrain	(295 XYZ null 228 null)
Chapter eleven Summary and overview	(301 XYZ null 600 null)
Appendix A The pantheon of the Sumerian city-state	(321 XYZ null 600 null)
Appendix B Inanna and Dumuzi of the dates	(324 XYZ null 600 null)
Appendix C The spread of farming from the Near East	(326 XYZ null 600 null)
Appendix D Support of and from the early temple	(328 XYZ null 600 null)
Appendix E The interactive evolution of alphabetic script	(331 XYZ null 600 null)
Appendix F The Ages System	(335 XYZ null 600 null)
Notes	(337 XYZ null 600 null)
Bibliography	(349 XYZ null 600 null)
Index	(397 XYZ null 600 null)