The Description Logic Handbook: Theory, Implementation and Applications

Cover......Page 1
Frontmatter......Page 2
Contents......Page 6
List of contributors......Page 10
Preface to the second edition......Page 14
Preface......Page 16
1.1 Introduction......Page 22
1.2 From networks to Description Logics......Page 26
1.3 Knowledge representation in Description Logics......Page 34
1.4 From theory to practice: Description Logic systems......Page 38
1.5 Applications developed with Description Logic systems......Page 43
1.6 Extensions of Description Logics......Page 53
1.7 Relationship to other fields of Computer Science......Page 60
1.8 Conclusion......Page 63
Part I - Theory......Page 66
2.1 Introduction......Page 68
2.2 Definition of the basic formalism......Page 71
2.3 Reasoning algorithms......Page 102
2.4 Language extensions......Page 119
3.1 Introduction......Page 126
3.2 OR-branching: finding a model......Page 130
3.3 AND-branching: finding a clash......Page 138
3.4 Combining sources of complexity......Page 145
3.5 Reasoning in the presence of axioms......Page 148
3.6 Undecidability......Page 154
3.7 Reasoning about individuals in ABoxes......Page 161
3.8 Discussion......Page 165
3.9 A list of complexity results for subsumption and satisfiability......Page 166
4.1 AI knowledge representation formalisms......Page 170
4.2 Logical formalisms......Page 182
4.3 Database models......Page 195
5.1 Introduction......Page 214
5.2 Correspondence between Description Logics and Propositional Dynamic Logics......Page 216
5.3 Functional restrictions......Page 223
5.4 Qualified number restrictions......Page 230
5.5 Objects......Page 234
5.6 Fixpoint constructs......Page 238
5.7 Relations of arbitrary arity......Page 242
5.8 Finite model reasoning......Page 247
5.9 Undecidability results......Page 253
6.1 Introduction......Page 258
6.2 Language extensions......Page 259
6.3 Non-standard inference problems......Page 291
Part II - Implementation......Page 304
7.1 Introduction......Page 306
7.2 Basic access......Page 308
7.3 Advanced application access......Page 311
7.4 Advanced human access......Page 316
7.6 Public relations concerns......Page 322
7.7 Summary......Page 324
8.1 New light through old windows?......Page 325
8.2 The first generation......Page 326
8.3 Second generation Description Logic systems......Page 334
8.4 The next generation: Fact, Dlp and Racer......Page 345
8.5 Lessons learned......Page 348
9.1 Introduction......Page 350
9.2 Preliminaries......Page 352
9.3 Subsumption-testing algorithms......Page 357
9.4 Theory versus practice......Page 362
9.5 Optimization techniques......Page 368
9.6 Discussion......Page 392
Part III - Applications......Page 396
10.1 Background......Page 398
10.2 Elementary Description Logic modeling......Page 400
10.3 Individuals in the world......Page 402
10.4 Concepts......Page 405
10.5 Subconcepts......Page 408
10.6 Modeling relationships......Page 411
10.7 Modeling ontological aspects of relationships......Page 413
10.9 The ABox: modeling specific states of the world......Page 420
10.10 Conclusions......Page 422
11.2 Background......Page 423
11.3 Lassie......Page 424
11.4 CodeBase......Page 429
11.5 CSIS and CBMS......Page 430
12.1 Introduction......Page 438
12.2 Configuration description and requirements......Page 440
12.3 The Prose and Questar family of configurators......Page 454
12.4 Summary......Page 455
13 - Medical Informatics......Page 457
13.1 Background and history......Page 458
13.2 Example applications......Page 462
13.3 Technical issues in medical ontologies......Page 468
13.4 Ontological issues in medical ontologies......Page 474
13.5 Architectures: terminology servers, views, and change management......Page 477
13.6 Discussion: key lessons from medical ontologies......Page 478
14.1 Background and history......Page 479
14.2 Steps towards integration with the Semantic Web: OIL and DAML+OIL......Page 482
14.3 Full integration into the Semantic Web: OWL......Page 488
14.4 Summary......Page 505
15.1 Introduction......Page 508
15.2 Semantic interpretation......Page 509
15.3 Reasoning with the logical form......Page 513
15.4 Knowledge-based natural language generation......Page 518
16.1 Introduction......Page 521
16.2 Data models and Description Logics......Page 525
16.3 Description Logics and database querying......Page 534
16.4 Data integration......Page 538
16.5 Conclusions......Page 544
A.1 Notational conventions......Page 546
A.2 Syntax and semantics of common Description Logics......Page 547
A.3 Additional constructors......Page 552
A.4 A note on the naming scheme for Description Logics......Page 555
Bibliography......Page 558
Index......Page 614