The CRC Handbook of Modern Telecommunications

TOC.PDF......Page 1
THE CRC HANDBOOK OF MODERN TELECOMMUNICATIONS......Page 2
Acknowledgments......Page 5
Foreword......Page 6
Editors-in-Chief......Page 7
Contributors......Page 9
Contents......Page 10
CH-01.PDF......Page 12
1.1.1 Definition......Page 13
Table of Contents......Page 0
1.1.3.2 Stored Program Control (SPC)......Page 14
1.1.4 Introduction of IN......Page 15
1.1.5 Benefits of INs......Page 16
1.1.6 Local Number Portability......Page 17
1.1.7 The Call Model......Page 18
1.1.8.1 AIN Release 1 Architecture......Page 19
1.1.8.2 AIN Release 0......Page 20
1.1.8.4 AIN 0.1: SSP–SCP Interface......Page 21
1.1.8.5 AIN Release 0.2......Page 22
1.1.9.3 Digit Extension Dialing Service......Page 23
1.1.9.4 Disaster Recover Service......Page 24
1.1.9.5 Area Number Calling Service......Page 25
1.1.10Other AIN Services......Page 26
Acronyms......Page 28
1.2.2 Basic Definitions......Page 30
1.2.3 A Brief History of CTI......Page 31
1.2.4 Components and Models......Page 33
1.2.4.1 Media Processing......Page 34
1.2.4.2 Call Control......Page 36
1.2.4.3 First-Party and Third-Party CTI......Page 37
1.2.6 Conclusion......Page 41
1.3.2 Applications for Voice over IP (VoIP)......Page 42
1.3.3 A Component-based Overview......Page 44
1.3.4 Keys to Successful Deployment......Page 49
1.4.1.2 Reference Model......Page 50
1.4.1.3 Overview of the Major MAC Standards......Page 51
1.4.2.1 Frame Structure......Page 52
1.4.2.2 Sample Frame Transmission......Page 53
1.4.2.3 Carrier Sense Multiple Access......Page 54
1.4.2.4 Adding Collision Detection......Page 55
1.4.2.4.1 Collision Backoff Scheme......Page 56
1.4.2.5 CSMA/CD System Components......Page 58
1.4.2.6 Example Implementations......Page 59
1.4.2.6.3 1BASE5......Page 60
1.4.2.7.1 Repeaters......Page 61
1.4.2.8.1 Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) Overview......Page 62
1.4.2.8.2 Gigabit Ethernet (1000 Mbps) Overview......Page 63
1.4.3 IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control Layer......Page 65
1.4.4 Building Cabling Specifications......Page 66
References......Page 67
1.5.1 Topology......Page 68
1.5.4 Priority Feature......Page 69
1.5.7.1 Tokens......Page 70
1.5.7.2 Frames......Page 71
1.6 Summary......Page 72
CH-02.PDF......Page 74
Introduction......Page 75
2.1.1.1.2 Improved Customer Service......Page 76
2.1.2 Intranet Planning and Management......Page 77
Technical Support Skills Checklist......Page 78
2.1.2.4 Funding Growth......Page 79
2.1.2.7 Organizational Challenges......Page 80
2.1.3.1.3 Connecting to the Internet......Page 81
Web Browsers......Page 82
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)......Page 83
HTML — The Language of the World Wide Web......Page 84
Network Computers......Page 85
2.1.4.1 Network Requirements......Page 86
Novell NetWare (IPX/SPX)......Page 87
2.1.4.4 Web Server Software......Page 88
NetWare Web Server......Page 89
2.1.5.1 Information Organization......Page 90
2.1.5.2 Content Structure......Page 91
Functionality Checklist......Page 92
2.1.5.7 Training and Support......Page 93
Conversion of Paper Documents Into Electronic Form......Page 94
Standardizing Hardware and Software......Page 95
2.1.7.1 Firewalls......Page 96
2.1.7.1.1 Firewall Architectures......Page 98
2.1.7.3 Encryption......Page 99
2.1.7.3.6 Secure Socket Layer (SSL)......Page 100
2.1.8 Summary......Page 101
2.2.1 Physical Security......Page 102
2.2.6.1 IP Spoofing......Page 103
2.3 Virtual Private Networking Solutions......Page 104
2.3.1.1 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)......Page 105
2.3.1.2 Layer 2 Forwarding (L2F)......Page 107
2.3.1.3 L2TP......Page 108
2.3.2.1 IPSec......Page 110
2.3.3 Frame Relay......Page 111
2.4 Effective Website Design......Page 112
2.4.3 A System for Measuring Effectiveness......Page 113
2.5.1 Introduction......Page 114
2.5.2.3 Data Marts......Page 115
2.5.3.1 Benefits......Page 116
2.5.3.2 Making it Happen......Page 117
2.5.3.3 Obstacles and Limitations......Page 119
2.5.4.2 Startup DSS Vendors......Page 120
2.5.5 Future Trends......Page 121
References......Page 122
2.6 E-commerce Technologies: A Strategic Overview......Page 123
2.6.1.1 Client Systems......Page 124
2.6.1.3 Front-end Systems......Page 125
2.6.1.4 Back-end Systems......Page 126
2.6.2.1 High Cost of Small Errors......Page 127
2.6.2.4 Security......Page 128
2.7 Internet Protocols......Page 129
2.7.1 Addressing for Internet......Page 130
IP......Page 131
2.7.4 Types of Internet Access......Page 132
SMTP......Page 133
FTP......Page 134
2.7.9 Mailing Lists in Internet......Page 135
2.7.11 Netscape and Microsoft......Page 136
Glossary of Intranet Acronyms and Terms......Page 137
CH-03A.PDF......Page 140
Network Management and Administration......Page 141
Introduction......Page 142
3.1.1.1 Communications General Model......Page 144
3.1.1.2 Network Management General Model......Page 145
3.1.2.1 High-level Management Functions......Page 146
3.1.3.1 Management Basic Model......Page 147
3.1.3.2 Management Views and Associated Models......Page 148
3.1.3.3 Management Domains......Page 150
3.1.4.1 Open Systems Conceptual Model......Page 151
3.1.4.3 Requirements for Open Management Systems......Page 152
3.1.5.2 Distributed Management Systems Architectures......Page 153
3.1.5.3 In-band and Out-of-band Management Systems......Page 154
3.1.6.2 The Manager of Managers......Page 155
3.1.6.4 The Management Platforms......Page 156
3.1.7.1 Management Systems Technical Evolution......Page 157
3.1.7.2 Management Systems Chronological Events......Page 158
3.1.7.3 Management Platforms for Enterprise-wide Management......Page 159
3.2.2.1 Connection-oriented and Connectionless Communications......Page 161
3.2.2.2 Physical and Virtual Circuits......Page 162
3.2.2.3 Switching Technologies......Page 163
3.2.2.5 Multiplexing Technologies......Page 164
3.2.2.7 Control and Congestion Management......Page 165
MIB availability......Page 166
3.2.4.2 Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)......Page 167
MIB Availability......Page 168
MIB Availability......Page 169
3.2.4.4 Asynchronous Transfer Mode......Page 170
MIB Availability......Page 171
MIB Availability......Page 172
CH-03B.PDF......Page 175
3.2.4.6 Mobile and Wireless Communication......Page 176
MIB Availability......Page 177
3.2.4.7 Digital Subscriber Line Technologies......Page 178
MIB Availability......Page 179
3.2.4.8 Cable Technnology......Page 180
3.2.4.9 Management Solutions......Page 183
3.3.1 Manager–Agent Relationship......Page 184
3.3.2 Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP)......Page 185
3.3.3 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv1, SNMPv2, and SNMPv3)......Page 188
3.3.4 Remote Monitoring (RMON1 and RMON2)......Page 194
1.Probe as a Standalone Monitor......Page 196
3.Probe as a Software Module in Unix, NT Operatings Systems, or in PC Workstations......Page 197
3.3.5 Desktop Management Interface (DMI) from Desktop Management Task Force (DMTF)......Page 198
3.3.6 Object Management Architecture (OMA) from OMG......Page 199
3.3.7 Standards for Web-based Systems and Network Management......Page 200
CH-03C.PDF......Page 203
3.3.8.1 Attributes of LDAP......Page 204
3.3.9 Summary......Page 206
3.4.1 Introduction......Page 208
3.4.2.1 Evolution......Page 210
3.4.2.2.1 SNMP-based Management......Page 212
3.4.2.2.2 CMIP-based Management......Page 213
3.4.3.1 Functional Architecture......Page 215
3.4.3.2 Physical Architecture......Page 216
3.4.3.3 Logical Layered Architecture of a TMN......Page 218
3.4.3.4 Functions Associated with a TMN......Page 221
3.4.3.4.1 Performance Management......Page 222
3.4.3.4.2 Fault Management......Page 223
3.4.3.4.6 Downloading......Page 224
3.4.3.5 Information Architecture......Page 225
3.4.3.5.2 Distributed Object Models and Service Management......Page 226
3.4.4.1 Interworking of Different Network Management Systems......Page 228
3.4.4.2 Virtual Networks, Customer Network Management......Page 229
3.4.5.3 Transmitting Management Information Through an SDH/SONET Network......Page 230
3.4.5.4.1 General Considerations......Page 231
3.4.5.4.2 Hierarchical Networks......Page 233
3.4.6.1 Network Management Layer......Page 234
3.4.7 Trends of Evolution of TMN......Page 237
References......Page 239
3.5.1 Introduction......Page 241
3.5.1.1 Relationship between TINA, TMN, and ODP......Page 242
3.5.2.1.1 Service Management......Page 243
3.5.2.1.2 Resource Management......Page 244
3.5.2.2.2 Management Domains......Page 245
3.5.2.2.3 Management Policy......Page 246
3.5.3.1 Management Context......Page 247
3.5.3.2 Service Transaction......Page 248
3.5.3.3.1 The General Context Configuration Management Service......Page 249
3.5.3.3.2 GCCM Service Usage......Page 250
3.5.4.2 DPE Support Services......Page 251
3.5.4.2.2 TMN-style Event Management Facilities......Page 252
3.5.4.2.3 Event Management Ladder......Page 253
3.5.5.1 Service Life Cycle Management......Page 254
3.5.5.1.1 Service Group......Page 255
3.5.5.2.2 End-User Management......Page 256
Acronyms......Page 259
References......Page 260
Further Information......Page 261
3.6 Telecommunications Support Processes......Page 262
3.6.1 High-level Breakdown of Support Processes......Page 263
3.6.2.1 Customer Interface Management Process......Page 267
3.6.2.3 Ordering Process......Page 268
3.6.2.4 Problem-Handling Process......Page 269
3.6.2.5 Customer Quality of Service (QoS) Management Process......Page 270
3.6.2.6 Invoicing and Collection Process......Page 271
3.6.3 Service Development and Operations Processes......Page 272
3.6.3.1 Service Planning and Development Process......Page 273
3.6.3.3 Service Problem Resolution Process......Page 274
3.6.3.4 Service Quality Management Process......Page 275
3.6.4 Network and Systems Management Processes......Page 276
3.6.4.2 Network Provisioning Process......Page 277
3.6.4.3 Network Inventory Management Process......Page 278
3.6.4.4 Network Maintenance and Restoration Process......Page 279
3.6.4.5 Network Data Management Process......Page 280
3.6.5 Summary and Trends......Page 281
3.7.2.1 Basic Infrastructure......Page 282
3.7.2.1.2 Operating Systems......Page 283
3.7.2.1.4 Time Services......Page 284
3.7.2.1.6 Security Services......Page 285
3.7.2.2.2 Core Management Services......Page 286
3.7.2.2.6 Network Modeling Services......Page 288
3.7.2.4 Management Operations Support Services......Page 289
3.7.3.1 TeMIP from Compaq......Page 290
3.7.3.2 NetExpert from Objective Systems Integrators......Page 292
3.7.4 Management Framework Examples for Enterprise Users......Page 296
3.7.4.1 TNG from Computer Associates......Page 297
3.7.4.2 OpenView from Hewlett-Packard (HP)......Page 298
3.7.5.1 Device Dependent Applications......Page 302
3.7.5.2 Device-independent Applications......Page 303
3.8.1 Definitions......Page 304
3.8.3 Basic Structures and Core Components......Page 306
3.8.4.2 AccessCNM Architecture......Page 309
3.8.5 Summary......Page 311
3.9.1 Introduction......Page 312
3.9.2.1 Setting the Stage — Customer Problems in the Marketplace......Page 313
3.9.2.2 Drivers to Outsourcing — Customer Needs......Page 314
3.9.3 Managing the Strategic Relationship — Supplier Management......Page 315
3.9.4.1 Introduction......Page 316
3.9.4.2 The Life Cycle of Processes, Functions, and Managed Objects......Page 317
3.9.5.2 Service Management......Page 319
3.9.5.6 What Does Service Management Mean in Practice?......Page 320
3.9.5.7 Service Reporting......Page 321
3.9.5.8 Service Level Performance Indicators and Reporting......Page 322
3.9.6.2 Structuring the Service Organization......Page 323
References and Bibliography......Page 324
3.10.1 Status, Definitions, and Markets of Operations, Business and Marketing Support Systems......Page 325
3.10.2.2 Increasing Network Complexity......Page 326
3.10.2.3 Deregulation and Privatization......Page 328
3.10.2.5 Customer Orientation......Page 330
3.10.3 Strategic Benefits of Advanced 3SSs......Page 331
3.10.4 Providers of Operational, Business, and Marketing Support Systems......Page 332
3.10.5 Positioning and Evaluating Products......Page 335
3.10.6 Future of Telecom 3SSs......Page 342
Acronyms......Page 343
References......Page 344
3.11.1 Introduction — Internet, Intranets, and Extranets......Page 345
3.11.2.1 Performance Management Challenges......Page 347
3.11.2.2 Security Management Challenges......Page 348
3.11.2.3 Accounting Management Challenges......Page 351
3.11.2.4 Configuration Management Challenges......Page 352
3.11.3 Specific Challenges to Intranet Performance Management......Page 353
3.11.3.1 Content Management......Page 354
3.11.3.2 Web Server Management......Page 356
3.11.3.3 Load Distribution and Balancing......Page 357
3.11.3.3.1 Content Smart Link Management......Page 358
3.11.3.3.2 Content Smart Load Balancing......Page 359
3.11.4 Content Management......Page 361
3.11.4.1 Design of Home Pages — Content Authoring and Deployment......Page 362
3.11.4.1.1 Site Design Considerations......Page 363
3.11.4.1.2 Page Design Considerations......Page 364
3.11.4.2 Issues with Content Authoring......Page 367
3.11.5.1 Usage Analysis......Page 368
3.11.5.2 Issues of Log File Analysis......Page 370
3.11.5.3 Drawbacks of Pure Log File Analyzers......Page 373
3.11.6.1 Changes in Networking Infrastructures......Page 375
3.11.6.2 Issues of Data Collection......Page 376
3.11.7 Web Server Management......Page 379
3.11.8 Load Balancing......Page 383
3.11.8.1 The Needs for Bandwidth, Service Quality, and Granularity......Page 384
3.11.8.2 Issues of Deploying Load Balancing Products......Page 385
3.11.8.3 Load Balancing Tools......Page 386
3.11.9.1 Response Time Measurements......Page 387
3.11.9.2 Highlighting Bottlenecks......Page 388
3.11.10 Trends of Intranet Performance Management......Page 389
References......Page 390
CH-04.PDF......Page 391
4.1 Introduction......Page 392
4.2 User Needs......Page 393
4.2.1 Types of Users......Page 394
4.2.2.1 Business End-User Needs......Page 395
4.2.2.2 Mobile Professional End-User Needs......Page 397
4.2.2.3 SOHO End User Needs......Page 398
4.3 Application Trends......Page 402
4.2.4 Residential End-User Needs......Page 400
4.3.1 Application Functionality......Page 403
4.3.1.1 Internet Applications......Page 404
4.3.1.2 Email Applications......Page 405
4.3.1.3 Video Conferencing Applications......Page 406
4.3.1.5 Enhancements to Traditional Services......Page 407
4.3.2 Functionality Implementation......Page 408
4.3.2.1 Internet Functionality Implementation......Page 409
4.4.1 Introduction......Page 410
4.4.2 Drivers for Integration......Page 411
4.4.3 Integration for Service Providers......Page 412
4.4.4 Integration for Business Users......Page 414
4.4.6 Integration for SOHO Users......Page 416
4.4.7 Integration for Residential Users......Page 417
4.5.1 Introduction......Page 418
4.5.2 Drivers and Constraints......Page 419
4.5.3 New Service Creation......Page 421
4.5.4 Increasing Bandwidth......Page 422
4.6.1 Introduction......Page 424
4.6.3 Service Pricing Trends......Page 425
4.6.4 Impact of New Technologies......Page 427
4.7.1 Introduction......Page 428
4.7.2 The Players......Page 429
References......Page 432