The Confederate and Neo-Confederate Reader: The Great Truth about the Lost Cause

Contents......Page 6
Acknowledgments and Photo Credits......Page 14
INTRODUCTION: Unknown Well-Known Documents......Page 18
CHAPTER 1 The Gathering Storm (1787–1860)......Page 37
Debate over Slavery at the Constitutional Convention, August 21–22, 1787......Page 40
John C. Calhoun (1782–1850), “On Abolition Petitions,” U.S. Senate, February 6, 1837......Page 45
Alabama Platform, February 14–15, 1848......Page 51
John C. Calhoun (1782–1850), “Address to the Southern People,” U.S. Senate, January 22, 1849......Page 55
James H. Thornwell (1812–62), The Rights and the Duties of the Masters, May 26, 1850......Page 65
Resolves of the Southern Convention at Nashville, June 10–11, 1850......Page 70
Journal, Resolution, and Ordinance, State Convention of South Carolina, April 26–30, 1852......Page 75
Two Images of Slavery: Confederate $100 Bill (1862) and Obelisk, Fort Mill, South Carolina (1895)......Page 77
Samuel A. Cartwright (1793–1863), “Diseases and Peculiarities of the Negro Race,” 1851......Page 79
Slave Jail, Alexandria, c. 1859......Page 86
Jefferson Davis (1808–89), “Endorsement”; T. L. Clingman (1812–97), “Endorsement”; and J. H. Van Evrie (1814–96), “Negroes and Negro ‘Slavery,’ The First an Inferior Race—The Latter, Its Normal Condition,” 1853......Page 88
George Fitzhugh (1806–81), Cannibals All! Or Slaves Without Masters, 1857......Page 95
Alexander H. Stephens (1812–83), “Speech on the Bill to Admit Kansas as a State under the Topeka Constitution,” House of Representatives, June 28, 1856......Page 97
Jefferson Davis (1808–89), Speech at State Fair, Augusta, Maine, September 29, 1858......Page 102
John B. Gordon (1832–1904), “An Address Delivered Before the Thalian & Phi Delta Societies of Oglethorpe University,” June 18, 1860......Page 104
CHAPTER 2 Secession (1859–1861)......Page 107
South Carolina General Assembly, “Resolutions for a Southern Convention,” December 22, 1859......Page 109
Jefferson Davis, Congressional Resolutions on “Relations of States,” U.S. Senate, March 1, 1860......Page 111
Official Proceedings of the Democratic Convention, April 28–May 1, 1860......Page 113
Benjamin Palmer (1818–1902), “Thanksgiving Sermon,” November 29, 1860......Page 119
Christiana Banner, 1994 (1911, 1851)......Page 124
South Carolina Secession Convention, “Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union,” December 24, 1860......Page 126
South Carolina Secession Convention, “The Address of the People of South Carolina, Assembled in Convention, To the People of the Slaveholding States of the United States 1861,” December 24, 1860......Page 133
Mississippi Secession Convention, “A Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of the State of Mississippi from the Federal Union,” January 26, 1861......Page 142
Florida Secession Convention, “Cause for Secession,” January 7, 1861......Page 145
Alabama Secession Convention, “Resolution of Resistance,” January 7, 1861, and “Ordinance of Secession,” January 11, 1861......Page 146
Georgia Committee of Seventeen, “Report on Causes for Secession,” January 29, 1861......Page 148
Texas Secession Convention, “A Declaration of the Causes Which Impel the State of Texas to Secede from the Federal Union,” February 2, 1861......Page 155
George Williamson (1829–82), Louisiana Secession Commissioner, “Letter to President and Gentlemen of the Convention of the People of Texas,” February 11, 1861......Page 160
Henry L. Benning (1814–75), “Address Delivered Before the Virginia State Convention,” February 18, 1861......Page 164
Virginia Secession Convention, “Resolutions,” March 28–April 5, 1861......Page 168
Arkansas Secession Convention, “Resolutions,” March 11, 1861......Page 171
Isham Harris (1818–97), Governor of Tennessee, “Message to the Legislature,” January 7, 1861......Page 175
John W. Ellis (1820–61), Governor of North Carolina, “Proclamation,” April 17, 1861......Page 181
CHAPTER 3 Civil War (1861–1865)......Page 182
Jefferson Davis (1808–89), “Farewell to the U.S. Senate,” January 21, 1861......Page 185
Jefferson Davis (1808–89), “Message to the Confederate Congress about Ratification of the Constitution,” April 29, 1861......Page 190
The Constitution of the Confederate States of America, March 11, 1861......Page 197
Alexander H. Stephens (1812–83), “African Slavery: The Corner-Stone of the Southern Confederacy,” March 22, 1861......Page 202
Governor H. M. Rector (1816–99), Letter to Colonel Sam Leslie, November 28, 1861......Page 206
Three National Flags of the Confederacy, 1861, 1863, 1865......Page 208
William T. Thompson (1812–82), “Proposed Designs for the 2nd National Confederate Flag,” April–May 1863......Page 209
Jefferson Davis (1808–89), “Message to the Confederate Congress,” January 12, 1863......Page 213
Confederate Congress, “Response of the Confederate Congress to Message from Jefferson Davis on the Emancipation Proclamation,” May 1, 1863......Page 216
Richard Taylor (1826–79), Edmund Kirby Smith (1824–93), “Treatment of African American Prisoners of War,” June 8, 13, 16, 1863......Page 218
Fort Pillow Massacre, April 12, 1864......Page 221
John R. Eakin (1822–55), “The Slave Soldiers,” June 8, 1864......Page 224
Henry Hotze (1833–87), “The Negro’s Place in Nature,” December 10, 1863......Page 228
Robert E. Lee (1807–70), Letter to Hon. Andrew Hunter, January 11, 1865......Page 231
Macon Telegraph, Editorial Opposing Enlistment of African Americans, January 6, 1865......Page 234
Howell Cobb (1815–68), Letter to James A. Seddon, Secretary of War, January 8, 1865......Page 236
J. H. Stringfellow (1819–1905), Letter to President Jefferson Davis, February 8, 1865......Page 238
General Orders, No. 14, An Act to Increase the Military Force of the Confederate States, approved March 13, 1865......Page 243
CHAPTER 4 Reconstruction and Fusion (1866–1890)......Page 245
Edmund Rhett Jr., “Letter to Armistead Burt,” October 14, 1865......Page 249
Mississippi’s Black Code, November 24–29, 1865......Page 252
Robert E. Lee (1807–70), Testimony before the Congressional Joint Committee on Reconstruction, February 17, 1866......Page 255
Rushmore G. Horton (1826–68), “A Youth’s History of the Great Civil War in the United States from 1861 to 1865,” 1867......Page 257
Jack Kershaw (1913– ), Statue of Nathan Bedford Forrest, 1998......Page 262
Edward A. Pollard (1831–72), “The Lost Cause Regained,” 1868......Page 264
Alexander H. Stephens (1812–83), “Conclusion,” A Constitutional View of the Late War Between the States, 1868......Page 266
Robert E. Lee (1807–70), “The White Sulphur Manifesto,” August 26, 1868......Page 269
John B. Gordon (1832–1904), “To the Colored People,” address in Charleston, South Carolina, September 11, 1868......Page 272
Ku Klux Klan Postcard, c. 1937......Page 274
R. L. Dabney (1820–98), “Women’s Rights Women,” 1871......Page 275
Jubal A. Early (1816–94), “Speech to the Southern Historical Society,” August 14, 1873......Page 282
Jefferson Davis (1808–89), “Slavery Not the Cause, but an Incident,” 1881......Page 286
CHAPTER 5 The Nadir of Race Relations, 1890–1940......Page 292
J. L. M. Curry (1825–1903), The Southern States of the American Union, 1895......Page 298
Stephen D. Lee (1833–1908), “The Negro Problem,” 1899......Page 301
White Mob Burns Black Businesses in Wilmington, North Carolina, November 10, 1898......Page 309
S. A. Cunningham (1843–1913), “M’Kinley, Roosevelt, and the Negro,” January 1903......Page 311
S. A. Cunningham, “Problem of the Negroes,” January 1907......Page 314
John Sharp Williams (1854–1932), “Issues of the War Discussed,” November 1904......Page 316
John Singleton Mosby (1833–1916), Letter to Sam Chapman, July 4, 1907......Page 319
E. H. Hinton (1852–1916), “The Negro and the South: Review of Race Relationships and Conditions,” August 1907......Page 321
South Carolina Confederate Women’s Monument, 1912......Page 327
C. E. Workman, “Reconstruction Days in South Carolina,” July 1921......Page 329
Mildred Rutherford (1852–1928), “The War Was Not a Civil War,” January 1923......Page 335
Susan Lawrence Davis (1862–1939), “The First Convention,” 1924......Page 337
John E. Rankin (1882–1960), “Forrest at Brice’s Cross Roads,” August 1925......Page 339
CHAPTER 6 The Civil Rights Era, 1940–......Page 345
Richard Weaver (1910–63), Selections from The Southern Tradition at Bay, 1943......Page 349
M. Clifford Harrison (1893–1967), “The Southern Confederacy—Dead or Alive?” December 1947......Page 351
Dixiecrat Convention, Birmingham, Alabama, July 1848......Page 353
Birmingham Post Staff Writers, Untitled Sidebars about the Dixiecrat Convention, July 17, 1948......Page 354
Strom Thurmond (1902–2003), “Address to the State Convention of the United Daughters of the Confederacy at Winthrop College, South Carolina,” October 17, 1957......Page 356
Sumter L. Lowry (1893–1985), “The Federal Government and Our Constitutional Rights,” Address to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, October 15, 1958......Page 363
The Citizens’ Council Logo, March 1957......Page 369
“His Example Inspires Our Efforts of Today,” The Citizens’ Council, June 1956......Page 370
W. E. Rose, “The Warning of Robert E. Lee,” The Citizens’ Council, February 1957......Page 372
The Citizens’ Councils, “Old Censored Joe,” November 1957......Page 374
The Citizens’ Councils, “Mau Mau Party,” December 1958......Page 375
The Citizens’ Council, “Conditions in U.S. Today Offer Alarming Parallel to First Reconstruction Era of a Century Ago,” August 1960......Page 376
Richard Quinn (c. 1945– ), “Martin Luther King Day,” Fall 1983......Page 381
James Ronald Kennedy (1947– ) and Walter Donald Kennedy (1947– ), “Equality of Opportunity,” 1994......Page 383
“Sic Semper Tyrannis” T-shirt, 1999......Page 385
Alister C. Anderson (c. 1924– ), “Address at Arlington National Cemetery,” June 6, 1999......Page 386
Moses Ezekiel, Arlington Cemetery Confederate Monument, detail, June 4, 1914......Page 388
Sons of Confederate Veterans, “Postcard Objecting to Mention of Slavery at Civil War Sites,” 2000......Page 390
John J. Dwyer (1956– ), “Introduction” to The War Between the States: America’s Uncivil War, 2005......Page 391
“Lincoln’s Worst Nightmare,” 1996–99......Page 394
States Voting for Lincoln (Republican, 1860) and Kerry (Democrat, 2004)......Page 395
Sonny Perdue (1946– ), “Confederate History Month Proclamation,” March 5, 2008......Page 397
Frank Conner, “Where We Stand Now: And How We Got Here,” September 2003......Page 399
Concluding Words......Page 407
Notes......Page 409
B......Page 432
D......Page 433
G......Page 434
L......Page 435
N......Page 436
R......Page 437
T......Page 438
Y......Page 439