The Atlantic Connection: A History of the Atlantic World, 1450-1900

Cover......Page 1
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
List of figures......Page 10
Acknowledgments......Page 11
Preface......Page 12
Introduction......Page 14
The dominance of the West......Page 17
PART I Explorations and first contacts......Page 20
1 The Atlantic world before 1492......Page 22
2 Europe: a new age of trade and travel......Page 24
The voyages of discovery......Page 26
Portugal and Africa......Page 27
New European navigational technologies......Page 31
3 Medieval Africa......Page 35
African trade......Page 36
African society......Page 37
4 The Americas......Page 41
Mesoamerica......Page 43
The Mexica (Aztecs)......Page 44
The central Andes......Page 45
Semi-sedentary and non-sedentary populations......Page 46
The Caribbean......Page 48
Eastern coasts of North America......Page 49
PART II Colonization and conquest......Page 52
5 The voyages of Columbus......Page 54
Columbus’ mistake......Page 55
The first voyage......Page 56
First contact......Page 58
Later voyages......Page 59
The legacy of Columbus......Page 60
Voyages after Columbus......Page 61
Timeline: early explorations......Page 63
6 The Columbian Exchange......Page 65
Disease and the New World......Page 66
7 Earliest encounters......Page 70
The conquest of Mexico......Page 71
Spanish victories in other parts of the Americas......Page 76
The Catholic Church......Page 78
The Spanish debate on tolerance......Page 81
New ethnicities and identities......Page 83
Voices of dissent......Page 85
New social patterns......Page 86
Silver mining......Page 88
Timeline: early encounters......Page 89
Trade and the economy in Spanish America......Page 90
The decline of Spain......Page 91
9 The colonization of Brazil......Page 93
10 Colonial settlements in northern America and the Caribbean......Page 95
French colonization......Page 96
Early English colonies......Page 99
Dutch and other European colonies......Page 104
Witchcraft panics......Page 105
Colonial economies......Page 107
Sugar and the Caribbean......Page 108
PART III Connections, journeys, and war......Page 112
11 Atlantic trade and empire......Page 114
The rise of the British Empire......Page 116
Indentured servants......Page 118
Native American struggle and accommodation......Page 119
12 Slavery......Page 122
New forms of slavery......Page 124
The slave trade in Africa......Page 125
The Middle Passage......Page 127
The experience of slavery......Page 129
Legal status of slavery......Page 131
Regional variations......Page 132
Cultural resistance......Page 135
Consequences of the slave trade......Page 137
PART IV The age of ideas......Page 140
13 The Enlightenment......Page 142
Religion......Page 143
Economics......Page 144
Intellectual and political changes......Page 145
The Dutch Revolt (1568–1648)......Page 148
The Civil War and Revolution in England (1642–51 and 1688)......Page 149
The American Revolution (1775–83)......Page 151
The French Revolution (1789–99)......Page 155
The Haitian Revolution (1791–1804)......Page 158
Consequences of a revolutionary era......Page 159
Nineteenth-century Native American resistance......Page 162
Revolution and independence in Latin America......Page 164
The expansion of rights......Page 167
Moral outrage......Page 171
Economic causes......Page 176
Slave revolts......Page 178
The American Civil War......Page 181
Emancipation in Latin America......Page 183
Timeline: abolition......Page 185
PART V The paradox of modernity......Page 188
17 Industrialization......Page 190
Timeline: industrial inventions......Page 195
18 Migration......Page 196
Asian laborers......Page 198
Expansion of the United States......Page 200
Latin America after independence......Page 202
Africa and the end of the slave trade......Page 204
20 Continued colonialism......Page 206
Colonialism in Africa......Page 208
Motivations......Page 209
Consequences......Page 211
The paradox of modernity......Page 213
Sources for further reading......Page 216
Index......Page 232