The Ancient English Morris Dance

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents Page
List of Figures
	Figure 1.1: Israhel von Meckenhem, The Morris Dancers (The Art Institute of Chicago, CC 0 public domain).
	Figure 1.2: Erasmus Grasser, Morris dancer with headgear like a hunting cap; Morris dancer with a white headband, from the ballroom of the Old Town Hall, Munich, 1480 (Münchner Stadtmuseum, Sammlung Angewandte Kunst, Inventory nos K-Ic/228, K-Ic/223, CC B
	Figure 3.1: Morris activity, 1507-1569.
	Figure 4.1: The Betley window (Image © Victoria and Albert Museum, London, C.248-1976).
	Figure 4.2: Lancaster Castle panel (Image courtesy of Vaughan Williams Memorial Library, Picture Folders/Folder 6/20).
	Figure 4.3: Israhel van Meckenem, Panel with the Dance of the Lovers (in Francis Douce, Illustrations of Shakspeare, plate VIII, London: Longman Hurst, Rees & Orme, 1807).
	Figure 4.4: Correspondences of van Meckenem, Betley and Lancaster Castle images.
	Figure 4.5: Van Meckenem’ s third dancer image and its correlates in Betley window and Lancaster Castle panel.
	Figure 5.1: Civic and church support and opposition, 1570-1599.
	Figure 6.1: Civic and church support and opposition, 1600-1629.
	Figure 6.2: William Kemp, Kemps Nine Daies Wonder, cover. London: Printed by E.A. from Nicholas Ling, 1600.
	Figure 6.3: Gray’s Inn antimasque: May Lord and Lady, Fools and Baboons, performed by lightningtree (Photo © Michael Heaney).
	Figure 6.4: Woodcut from Money is my Master. London: for Francis Coules, n.d.
	Figure 6.5: ‘The Thames at Richmond, with the Old Royal Palace’, c. 1620 (detail) (Image © The Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, accession number: 61).
	Figure 7.1: Civic and church support and opposition, 1630-1659.
	Figure 7.2: Woodcut from Recreation for Ingenious Head-peeces, sig. X1v. London: Printed by M. Simmons, 1650.
	Figure 7.3: Attitudes to morris dancing, 1550s to 1650s.
	Figure 8.1: Civic events and other encounters with morris dancers, 1660-1685.
	Figure 8.2: ‘Cromwell Pypeth unto Fairfax’ (in Edmund Goldsmid, Explanatory Notes of a Pack of Playing Cards, Temp Charles II, 9. Edinburgh: E. & G. Goldsmid, 1886).
	Figure 8.3: Woodcut from The Jovial May-pole Dancers, or, The Merry Morris. [London]: Printed for J. Deacon, [c. 1690].
	Figure 8.4: Moorish dance (in Elkanah Settle, The Empress of Morocco, plate facing p. 13. London: Printed for William Cadema, 1673).
	Figure 8.5: ‘Stanes Morris’ (in The English Dancing Master, p. 87. London: Printed by Thomas Harper, 1651).
	Figure 8.6: ‘Maids Morris’ (in The Dancing Master, 7th ed., 3rd supplement, p. 1. London: Printed by E. Jones, 1689).
	Figure 8.7: The first page of notation of Mr Isaac’s ‘The Morris’ (Image courtesy of Vaughan Williams Memorial Library, QL.5.4).
	Figure 8.8: Three Morris Dancers trade token, c.1650 (Image © Museum of London, NN18007).
	Figure 8.9: G. Barrett, The Three Morrice Dancers [etching, c 1795] (Image © British Library, Maps K.Top.27.33.1).
	Figure 8.10: Morris dancers (in Randle Holme, The Academy of Armory, iii:[40]. Chester: For the Author, 1688).
	Figure 11.1: Payments to morris dancers from household and personal accounts, 1715-1750.
	Figure 11.2: Morris teams visiting Aynho Park, 1722-1735.
	Figure 11.3: ‘Country around Dixton Manor’ (detail) (The Cheltenham Trust and Cheltenham Borough Council © The Wilson/Bridgeman Images).
	Figure 12.1: North-west morris contexts, 1748-1800.
	Figure 12.2: Morris at elections, 1722-1832.
	Figure 13.1: Henry Stacy Marks, ‘May Day’, 1867 (Image © Victoria and Albert Museum, London, FA677).
	Figure 13.2: ‘A View of the Rotundo, House & Gardens at Ranelagh’ (detail), (British Library 840.m.82, public domain).
	Figure 13.3 ‘Morris Dancers at the Crystal Palace’, Illustrated News of the World, 24 April 1858, p. 181.
	Figure 14.1: ‘Trunkles’ (adapted from the Headington version in Michael Heaney, ‘Trunkles’, The Morris Dancer, 2, no. 9 (1990): 136-39.
	Figure 14.2: ‘Whitsun Ale in Blenheim Park’, 1823 (in Thomas Little, Confessions of an Oxonian, plate after 1:170 London: J.J. Stockdale, 1826)
	Figure 14.3: ‘View from the North Portico of Stowe House, February 1818’ (Image courtesy of Bucks Archaeological Society, Discover Bucks Museum, AYBCM: Loan 321.18).
	Figure 14.4: ‘An Outdoor Feast in Honour of the Coming of Age of the Duke’s Heir’ (detail) (Image courtesy of Bucks Archaeological Society, Discover Bucks Museum, AYBCM: Loan 321.17).
	Figure 14.5: James Danby, ‘Celebrations at the Coming of Age of the Marquis of Chandos, Stowe House, September 1844’ (detail) (Image courtesy of Reeman Dansie).
	Figure 14.6: Nineteenth-century morris-dancing family relationships at Bampton (Adapted with permission from Keith Chandler, Morris Dancing at Bampton until 1914, p. 7. Eynsham: [The Author], 1983).
	Figure 14.7: Known extant nineteenth-century south-midlands morrises (Adapted with permission from Keith Chandler, Morris Dancing in the English South Midlands, 1660-1900: A Chronological Gazetteer, figure 5 (p. 17). Enfield Lock: Hisarlik Press, 1993).
	Figure 15.1: West-midlands morrises in the 19th century.
	Figure 15.2: Charles Stringer,’ The Lichfield Greenhill Bower Procession’, c. 1800 (watercolour inserted at p. 353 in a copy of Thomas Harwood, The History and Antiquities of the Church and City of Lichfield. Glocester: Cadell and Davies, 1806, Bodleian L
	Figure 15.3: ‘Lichfield “Greenhill Bower” – the Morris Dancers’, Illustrated London News, 25 May 1850, p. 364.
	Figure 15.4: George Scharf, ‘Morris dancers, January 1841’ (in Sketch book. Image ©The Trustees of the British Museum, 1900,0725.120.15+. All rights reserved).
	Figure 15.5: Brimfield morris dancers, 1909 (Image courtesy of Vaughan Williams Memorial Library, Roy Dommett collection, RLD/2/5/5).
	Figure 15.6: Charles Cattermole, ‘Worcestershire mummers’, Illustrated London News, 15 January 1859, p. 21.
	Figure 16.1: ‘Plough Monday’ (in William Hone, The Every Day Book, i, 36. London: William Tegg, [1868]).
	Figure 17.1: Morris dancing associated with rushcarts and other activities, 1801-1850.
	Figure 17.2: Joseph Parry, ‘Eccles Wakes Fair, 1822’ (detail) (Image © Salford Museum & Art Gallery, 1954-98).
	Figure 17.3: ‘The Rush-bearers, Lymm, Cheshire’ (Image © York Castle Museum, YORCM: DA7636).
	Figure 17.4: Warwick Brookes, ‘May Day at Bowden, Cheshire’ (Image © Victoria and Albert Museum, London, 624-1886).
	Figure 17.5: Alexander Wilson, ‘Rush Bearing at Long Millgate, Manchester’ (detail) (Image: Sphinx Fine Art).
	Figure 17.6: ‘Rushbearing’ (in The Pictorial History of the County of Lancashire, p. 249. London: Routledge, 1844).
	Figure 17.7: ‘Long Morris’ (in Anne G. Gilchrist, ‘The Lancashire Rush-Cart and Morris-Dance’, Journal of the English Folk Dance Society, 2nd series, 1 (1927): 17-27 (p. 17)).
	Figure 17.8: ‘Cross Morris’ (in Anne G. Gilchrist, ‘The Lancashire Rush-Cart and Morris-Dance’, Journal of the English Folk Dance Society, 2nd series, 1 (1927): 17-27 (p. 17)).
	Figure 18.1: ‘Necton Guild’ (in William Hone, The Every Day Book, ii, 336. London: William Tegg, [1868])
	Figure 18.2: Nineteenth-century morrises in Derbyshire
	Figure 18.3: Taddington morris dance, club feast day, c. 1900 (Image courtesy of University of Sheffield Library, Dave Bathe collection, ACT/97-003/P/1792z).
	Figure 18.4: ‘Annual ceremony of well dressing at Buxton, Derbyshire’ (detail), Illustrated Times, 9 July 1864, p. 24.
	Figure 19.1: The Middleton morris dancers, 1886 (in John Graham, Lancashire and Cheshire Morris Dances, p.xvi. London: J. Curwen & Sons, 1911).
	Figure 19.2: Godley Hill Morris Dancers advertisement, Hyde & Glossop Weekly News, and North Cheshire Herald, 11 September 1875, p. 1.
	Figure 20.1: Godley Hill Morris Dancers, 1882 (http://www.manchestermorrismen.org.uk/arc-photos/towns/target42.html, CC 4.0 BY-SA).
	Figure 20.2: Leyland Morris Dancers with staves on the festival ground, 1890 (Photo courtesy of Roy Smith).
	Figure 20.3: Preston Royal Morris Dancers, c. 1893 (Photo courtesy of Pruw Boswell).
	Figure 20.4: Juvenile morris teams in the north-west.
	Figure 20.5: Tiller Girls as morris dancers, Western Mail, 27 February 1894, p. 6.
	Figure 21.1: Giant and morris dancers at Salisbury (in Frances Child, The Spinster at Home in The Close at Salisbury, facing p. 96. Salisbury: W.R. Brodie, 1844).
	Figure 22.1: Shakespearean Bidford Morris Dancers outside the Falcon Inn (in Roy Judge, ‘D’Arcy Ferris and the Bidford Morris’, Folk Music Journal, 4.5 (1984), 443-80 (p. 456)).
	Figure 22.2: Headington Quarry Morris Dancers, c. 1875 (Image © Historic England CC71:00070).
	Figure 23.1: Espérance morris dancers (in Mary Neal, The Espérance Morris Book, 2nd ed., p. xiv. London: J. Curwen, 1910).
	Figure 23.2: Notation for the cross-step (in Cecil J. Sharp and Herbert C. MacIlwaine, The Morris Book, Part II, p.12. London: Novello, 1909).
	Figure 23.3: William Kimber, 1912 (Image courtesy of Vaughan Williams Memorial Library, Photograph Collection mo/Hea/1912+/358).
	Figure 23.4: ‘Messrs. Curwen’s List of Apparatus for Morris Dances’ (in Mary Neal, The Espérance Morris Book, Part II, p. 52. London: J. Curwen & Sons, 1912).
	Figure 23.5: EFDS men’s demonstration team, 1912 (Image courtesy of Vaughan Williams Memorial Library, Photograph Collection mo/EFDS/1912/13013).
	Figure 24.1: Oughtrington (Lymm) Morris Dancers, 1904 (Photo courtesy of Duncan Broomhead).
	Figure 24.2: Ormskirk St Anne’s Morris Dancers, 1905 (Photo courtesy of Pruw Boswell).
	Figure 24.3: Helmshore Morris Dancers, Musbury church pageant, 1911 (in Johnny Haslett, Morris Dancers and Rose Queens, iii, 73. Leyland: Fairhaven Press, 2017, credited to Helmshore Local History Society).
	Figure 24.4: Gender balance of north-west morris teams, 1891-1930 (excluding teams of unknown gender).
	Figure 25.1: Poster advertising a meeting at Abingdon, 1 August 1938 (Photo © Michael Heaney).
	Figure 25.2: William Wells’s team Bampton, 6 June 1927 (Image courtesy of Vaughan Williams Memorial Library, mo/Bam/1927/9242).
	Figure 25.3: Westwood Morris Men, Much Wenlock, 1949 (Photo © Arthur Blake).
	Figure 25.4: Molly dancers at Little Downham, Plough Monday, 1932 (Photo by William Palmer courtesy of John Jenner © Elizabeth Heydeman).
	Figure 25.5: Manley Morris Dancers, Chester, 2007 (Photo © Derek Schofield).
	Figure 25.6: Britannia Coconut Dancers, Bacup, Easter Saturday, 2014 (Photo © Derek Schofield).
	Figure 25.7: Joseph Needham’s map of ceremonial dance traditions (in Joseph Needham, ‘The Geographical Distribution of English Ceremonial Dance Traditions’, Journal of the English Folk Dance and Song Society, 3, no. 1 (1936): 1-45 (following p. 38) by per
	Figure 26.1: Gloucestershire Old Spot Morris Dancers, Cheltenham 1973 (Photo courtesy of Bernie Cherry © Paddy O’Biernes).
	Figure 26.2: Eynsham morris, c. 1900 and 2008 (Images courtesy of Vaughan Williams Memorial Library, Photograph Collection mo/Eyn/1900+/10998, and Butler family).
	Figure 26.3: Shropshire Bedlams at Whitby Folk Week, 2007 (Photo © Derek Schofield).
	Figure 26.4: Seven Champions Molly Dancers at Kirtlington Lamb Ale, 2013 (Photo: Mike Finn: https://www.flickr.com/photos/mwf2005/8935155284/ CC-BY 2.0).
	Figure 26.5 Bath City Women’s Morris at Bath Abbey courtyard in their second year of dancing, 1973 (Photo © Val Parker).
	Figure 26.6: Bucknell Morris, c. 1987 (Photo © Lindsay Seagrim-Trinder).
	Figure 26.7: Poynton Jemmers in 1991 (Photo © Derek Schofield).
	Figure 26.8: Orcadia Morris Dancers from Skelmersdale, at Pier Head Village, Liverpool, 2017 (Photo © Lucy Wright).
	Figure 27.1: Boss Morris at Stroud Folk Festival, 2019 (Photo © Stephen Rowley).
Preface
Introduction
Part I: Emergence (1448-1569)
	Chapter 1
	First signs
	Chapter 2
	Guilds
	Chapter 3
	Parish entertainments
	Chapter 4
	The first 120 years
Part II: Contention (1570-1659)
	Chapter 5
	Rumblings 1570-1599
	Chapter 6
	Attack 1600-1629
	Chapter 7
	Suppression 1630-1659
Part III: Fragmentation (1660-1800)
	Chapter 8
	Restoration and the later Stuarts
	Chapter 9
	Eighteenth-century entertainment
	Chapter 10
	Lexicographers and scholars
	Chapter 11
	Hanoverian communities and Whitsun ales
	Chapter 12
	Beyond the Whitsun ale
Part IV: Re-emergence (1801-1899)
	Antiquaries and artistes
	Chapter 13
	Chapter 14
	South-midlands morris
	Chapter 15
	West-midlands morrises
	Chapter 16
	East of England
	Chapter 17
	North-west morris 1801-1850
	Chapter 18
	Fêtes and festivals
	Chapter 19
	The decline of the rushcarts
	Carnival processions
	Chapter 20
	Chapter 21
	Other morrises
	Chapter 22
	Fin de siècle
Part V: Revival (1899 – present)
	Chapter 23
	Defining a revival
	Chapter 24
	North-west morris 1900-1930
	Chapter 25
	The revival after Sharp
	Chapter 26
	The second revival
	Chapter 27
	The modern English morris dance
Index
Bibliography
Back Cover