The Afro-American novel and its tradition

The Afro-American Novel and Its Tradition......Page 1
Contents......Page 5
Introduction......Page 8
Sociopsychological Roots: Double-Consciousness, Double Vision, and Socialized Ambivalence......Page 17
African Oral Narratives......Page 29
Afro-American Folk Roots......Page 31
Residually Oral Forms: Oratory, Myth, Legend, Tale, and Song......Page 34
Abolitionist Literature......Page 41
The Bible......Page 43
Popular Fiction......Page 46
Antebellum Novels......Page 51
William Wells Brown (1814–84)......Page 52
Frank J. Webb......Page 56
Harriet E. Wilson......Page 59
Martin Robison Delany (1812–85)......Page 64
Postbellum Novels......Page 70
Frances Ellen Watkins Harper (1825–1911)......Page 71
Sutton Elbert Griggs (1872–1933)......Page 74
Charles Waddell Chesnutt (1858–1932)......Page 77
Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872–1906)......Page 84
3— The Pre-World War I Novels of the Old Guard: Romance, Realism, and Naturalism......Page 90
Romance, Realism, and Naturalism......Page 92
William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (1868–1963)......Page 95
James Weldon Johnson (1871–1938)......Page 100
Legacy of the Old Guard......Page 105
4— The Harlem Renaissance and the Search for New Modes of Narrative......Page 107
Nathan Eugene Toomer (1894–1967)......Page 110
Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902–73)......Page 115
Genteel Realism: Assimilationism, Nationalism, or Biculturalism......Page 119
Jessie Redmon Fauset (1882–1961)......Page 121
Nella Larsen (1893–1963)......Page 123
Folk Romance: Pastoralism, Primitivism, and Ancestralism......Page 126
Festus Claudius Mc Kay (1899–1948)......Page 130
Zora Neale Hurston (1891–1960)......Page 133
Folk Realism: Religion, Music, Humor, and language......Page 142
James Langston Hughes (1902–67)......Page 143
Countee Porter Cullen (1903–46)......Page 147
Satiric Realism: The Vices and Follies of the Folk and Black Bourgeoisie......Page 151
Rudolph Fisher (1897–1934)......Page 152
George Samuel Schuler (1895–1977)......Page 156
Wallace Thurman (1902–34)......Page 159
5— Richard Wright and the Triumph of Naturalism......Page 164
The Great Depression and the Communist Party......Page 165
Richard Nathaniel Wright (1908–60)......Page 168
William Attaway (1912-)......Page 181
Chester Bomar Himes (1909–84)......Page 185
Ann Lane Petry (1911-)......Page 192
William Gardner Smith (1926–74)......Page 197
Continuity and Change in the Novel of the Forties......Page 199
6— Myth, Legend, and Ritual in the Novel of the Fifties......Page 202
Beyond Naturalism......Page 203
Myth, Legend, and Ritual......Page 206
Ralph Waldo Ellison (1914-)......Page 207
James Arthur Baldwin (1924-)......Page 229
7— The Contemporary Afro-American Novel, 1:  Neorealism......Page 249
The Black Power and Black Arts Movements......Page 250
The Women's Rights Movement......Page 253
Toward Modernism......Page 258
Literary Neorealism: Critical and Poetic......Page 259
Critical Realism......Page 260
John Oliver Killens (1916-)......Page 261
John Alfred Williams (1925-)......Page 266
Alice Walker (1944-)......Page 273
Poetic Realism and the Gothic Fable......Page 283
Chole Anthony "Toni" Morrison (1931-)......Page 284
Continuity in the Novel of the Sixties and Seventies......Page 291
8— The Contemporary Afro-American Novel, 2: Modernism and Postmodernism......Page 295
Modernism and Postmodernism......Page 296
Margaret Abigail Walker (1915-)......Page 299
Ernest J. Gaines (1933-)......Page 304
William Melvin Kelley (1937-)......Page 309
Ronald L. Fair (1932-)......Page 315
Fabulation, Romance, and Fantasy......Page 320
John Edger Wideman (1941-)......Page 321
Clarence Major (1936-)......Page 329
Fabulation and Satire......Page 334
Charles Stevenson Wright (1932-)......Page 335
George "Hal" Bennett (1930-)......Page 338
Ishmael Reed (1938-)......Page 343
Change in the Novel of the Sixties and Seventies......Page 350
Conclusion......Page 353
Introduction......Page 358
1— The Roots of the Early Afro-American Novel......Page 361
2— The Early Afro-American Novel......Page 368
3— The Pre-World War I Novels of the Old Guard......Page 371
4— The Harlem Renaissance and the Search for New Modes of Narrative......Page 373
5— Richard Wright and the Triumph of Naturalism......Page 377
6— Myth, Legend, and Ritual in the Novel of the Fifties......Page 381
7— The Contemporary Afro-American Novel, 1: Neorealism......Page 382
8— The Contemporary Afro-American Novel, 2: Modernism and Postmodernism......Page 384
Conclusion......Page 388
Primary Works: Novels by Forty-one Authors......Page 389
Supplementary Primary Works: Novels by Seventy-one Authors......Page 393
Secondary Sources......Page 396
A......Page 410
B......Page 413
C......Page 416
D......Page 418
E......Page 419
F......Page 420
H......Page 421
J......Page 423
L......Page 424
M......Page 425
N......Page 426
O......Page 427
P......Page 428
R......Page 429
S......Page 430
T......Page 432
W......Page 433
Z......Page 434