Sweden, the Swastika and Stalin: The Swedish experience in the Second World War

Contents
Figures
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Part One
	1 – Shades of Neutrality? Political Challenges and Social Changes, 1900–1939
		SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC PROGRESS, DEFENCE AND FOREIGN POLICY, 1920–1939
		A CHANGING SOCIETY, 1918–1939
		Notes
	2 – Wartime Power and Personalities
		THE PARTIES, THE KING AND THE CABINET
		THE DIPLOMATS
		THE PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM
		Notes
	3 – Isolation, 1939–1941
		TRADE AGREEMENTS, DECEMBER 1939–JANUARY 1940
		THE ALANDS, FINLAND AND THE WINTER WAR, OCTOBER 1939–FEBRUARY 1940
		IRON ORE AND BELLIGERENT PRESSURE, NOVEMBER 1939–APRIL 1940
		OPERATION WESERUBUNG, 9 APRIL 1940
		THE ‘LEAVE TRAFFIC’ CONCESSION TO GERMANY, APRIL 1940–JUNE 1940
		CLOSER TIES WITH FINLAND? APRIL 1940–DECEMBER 1940
		CLOSER TIES WITH GERMANY? JUNE 1940–AUGUST 1940
		TRADE, SUPPLY AND THE BLOCKADE, APRIL 1940–FEBRUARY 1941
		DOMESTIC POLITICAL PRESSURE AND THE ELECTION, JUNE 1940–SEPTEMBER 1940
		NEIGHBOURING OCCUPATION, OPPRESSION AND RESISTANCE, APRIL 1940–DECEMBER 1942
			Norwegian Defiance
			Danish Cohabitation
		SWEDEN AND BARBAROSSA, DECEMBER 1940–JUNE 1941
		ANOTHER CONCESSION, JUNE 1941
		REELING BUT RESISTANT
		Notes
	4 – Towards the Turning Point, July 1941–July 1943
		GERMAN FLIRTATION AND ALLIED WEAKNESS; AFTER ENGELBRECHT, JULY 1941–FEBRUARY 1942
		OPERATION PERFORMANCE, MARCH 1942
		ALLIED PRESSURE TO END CONCESSIONS, APRIL 1942–DECEMBER 1942
		THE POLICY SHIFT AND LIONEL AND DICTO, DECEMBER 1942–JANUARY 1943
		GERMAN REVERSALS AND THE END OF SWEDISH TRANSIT, JANUARY 1943–JULY 1943
		Notes
	5 – Eastern Approaches and Western Reproaches: Finland’s Continuation War and the Collapse of Germany, June 1941–May 1945
		FINNISH SECURITY AND THE SOVIET UNION, 1940–1941
		FINLAND AND GERMANY, JUNE 1941–DECEMBER 1941
		SWEDEN SEEKS A MEDIATION ROLE, MID-1942–MARCH 1944
		FINNISH–RUSSIAN ARMISTICE, SEPTEMBER 1944
		NEIGHBOURING OCCUPATION, OPPRESSION AND RESISTANCE, 1943–1945
			Norway
			Denmark
		DANISH AND NORWEGIAN ‘POLICE TROOPS’ IN SWEDEN, 1943–1945
		MORE PRESSURE ON SWEDEN, SEPTEMBER 1943–JANUARY 1944
		THE BALL-BEARING OFFENSIVE, MARCH 1944–JUNE 1944
		ENDING GERMAN TRADE, JULY 1944–JANUARY 1945
		MEDIATION AND INTERVENTION, FEBRUARY 1945–MAY 1945
		Notes
	6 – Trading with Germany and the Allies – Blackmail and Brinksmanship
		SWEDEN’S NEGOTIATORS
		DOUBLE NEGOTIATIONS, 1937–APRIL 1940
		NEGOTIATING WITH BRITAIN AND GERMANY – AXIS ASCENDANCY AND WESTERN ACCESS, 1940–1943
		NEGOTIATING WITH BRITAIN, AMERICA AND GERMANY – ALLIED ASCENDANCY AND WESTERN ACCESS, 1943–1945
		COMPULSION OR COOPERATION?
		THE WALLENBERG BROTHERS
		Notes
Part Two
	7 – Security, Subversion, Spies and Sabotage
		SWEDISH COUNTER-ESPIONAGE
		BRITISH INTELLIGENCE AND ACTIVITIES
		DANISH AND NORWEGIAN NATIONALS
		RUSSIAN INTELLIGENCE AND ACTIVITIES
		GERMAN INTELLIGENCE AND ACTIVITIES
		SWEDISH ESPIONAGE
		POST-WAR CRITICISM AND OFFICIAL INQUIRIES
		Notes
	8 – The Battle for Sweden’s Mind – Propaganda and Censorship
		MEDIA OVERSIGHT AND RESTRAINT
			Swedish Media
			New Authorities and Tighter Legislation
			Punishment, Seizure and ‘Advice’
		GERMAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITY
			German ‘Front’ Publications
			Cultivated Contacts
			‘Cover’ Organisations
		BRITISH PROPAGANDA ACTIVITY
			British Publications
			British Council, Speakers and Visits
			Film and Other Media
		SWEDEN’S PROPAGANDA RESPONSE
			Moral Resistance
			Countering Rumours
			If the War Comes
			‘Un-Swedish’ Propaganda
			Swedish Propaganda
		MORALE AND PROPAGANDA
		Notes
	9 – Race, Rejection, Reception, Rescue and Redemption – Swedish Humanitarian Endeavours
		RACE
		REJECTION
		RECEPTION
		RESCUE AND REDEMPTION
			Adler-Rudel Plan
			Wallenberg Mission
			Red Cross and ‘White Buses’
		OTHER HUMANITARIAN ACTIONS
		BALT REFUGEES AND REPATRIATION
		RETROSPECTIVE
		Notes
	10 – Military Matters
		PRE-WAR DEFENCE PLANNING
		THE WINTER WAR, 1939
		MOBILISATION MISFIRE, APRIL 1940
		PROCUREMENT PROBLEMS
		LIGHTER EQUIPMENT
		POST-1940 ARMY STRATEGY AND DEPLOYMENT
		CONSEQUENCES OF GERMAN RETREAT
		SEA WAR
		AIR WAR
		SERVICE LEADERSHIP AND ATTITUDE
		SWEDISH DEFENCE CAPABILITY
		THE VON SCHELL INVASION PLAN, 1943
		HOME DEFENCE
		‘FREE WARFARE’ BEHIND ENEMY LINES?
		MILITARY CONCLUSIONS
		Notes
	11 – The Front at Home – Beredskapstiden
		WARTIME POLITICS
		WARTIME ELECTIONS
		SHORTAGES AND RATIONING
		A SOCIETY IN FLUX
		WOMEN’S CHANGING ROLE
		FARMING FOR FOOD
		CIVIL DEFENCE
		SURVEILLANCE
		ENTERTAINMENT AND CULTURAL LIFE
			Radio
			Cinema
			Theatre
			Literature
		AT WORK
		SPORT
		AFTER THE WAR
		Notes
	12 – Looking Back in Anger? The Assault on ‘Small-State Realism’
		SMALL-STATE REALISM
		FROM ‘SMALL-STATE REALISM’ TO MORAL INTERPRETATION
		‘REVELATIONS’, THE HOLOCAUST AND STATE INQUIRIES
		PER ALBIN AND THE COMMUNITARIAN ETHIC
		CONCLUDING COMMENTS
		Notes
Abbreviations and Glossary
Reference Sources and Bibliography
Index