Sustainable Land Management in a European Context: A Co-Design Approach

Foreword
Contents
1 A Knowledge-Based European Perspective on Sustainable Land Management: Conceptual Approach and Overview of Chapters
	1.1 New Conceptual Approaches for New Challenges
	1.2 Overview of the Main Parts and the Single Chapters
	References
Part ILand-Use: State and Drivers in Europe
2 Landscape Change in Europe
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Landscape Change Research in Europe
	2.3 Trends in Land Use and Land Cover Change
	2.4 Drivers of Landscape Change
		2.4.1 Political and Institutional Drivers
		2.4.2 Economic, Technological and Cultural Drivers of Change
		2.4.3 Spatial and Natural Factors
	2.5 Operationalising Current Trends and Drivers of Change Towards Developing Future Scenarios of Landscape Change
	2.6 Research Gaps and Ways Forward Towards Landscape Sustainability
	2.7 Conclusions
	References
3 New Trends and Drivers for Agricultural Land Use in Germany
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 General Land Use Trends
	3.3 Ongoing and New Conflicts in Agriculture Land Use
		3.3.1 Rising Land Prices
		3.3.2 Deteriorating Environmental Indicators
		3.3.3 Land Use Structure and Concentration
	3.4 New Drivers
		3.4.1 Market Forces
		3.4.2 Policy Framework
	3.5 Conclusions
	References
4 Demographic Change and Land Use
	4.1 Does Demographic Change Cause Changes in Land Use?
	4.2 Methodological Approach
	4.3 Current State of Knowledge Regarding Correlations Between Demographic Change and Land-Use Change
		4.3.1 Impacts of Demographic Change on Agriculture, Forestry, and Nature Conservation
		4.3.2 Impacts of Demographic Change on Transportation, Tourism, and Settlement Expansion
		4.3.3 Impacts of Demographic Change in Multicausal Models
		4.3.4 Recommendations on Guiding Land-Use Impacts
		4.3.5 General Effects of Demographic Change in the Activity Sectors
	4.4 Conclusions and the Need for Further Research
	References
5 Urbanisation and Land Use Change
	5.1 What is Urban Land Use Change and Why It is a Relevant Issue?
	5.2 Drivers of Urbanisation and Urban Land Use Change
	5.3 Impacts of Urban Land Use Change
	5.4 Policies on Urban Land Use Change
	5.5 Outlook
	References
6 Urban-Rural Interrelations—A Challenge for Sustainable Land Management
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Societal Discourses About Urban-Rural Spaces and Interlinkages
	6.3 Simple Models Versus Complex Models: Two Opposite Approaches
		6.3.1 Stead’s Model of Urban-Rural Flows
		6.3.2 Complex Models of Teleconnection and Telecoupling
		6.3.3 Preliminary Summary and Discussion
	6.4 Discussion About Potential Improvements
		6.4.1 The Ecosystem Service Concept and Urban-Rural Relations
		6.4.2 Multi-Functionality
	6.5 Governance of Interrelations: Knowledge for Governance
	6.6 Outlook
	References
Part IICo-Production of Knowledge
7 Transdisciplinary Research in Land Use Science—Developments, Criticism and Empirical Findings from Research Practice
	7.1 Land Use Science—From Land Cover to Global Change Research
	7.2 The Development of the Concept of TDR
	7.3 The Impact of TDR, Criticism and Open Questions
	7.4 The Role of Transdisciplinary Research in the Field of Land Use Science—Results from a Comparative Case Study in Germany
		7.4.1 Sustainable Land Management Can Be Seen as a Designated Field for TDR
		7.4.2 TDR Plays an Increasing Role, and the Concept Is Being Consolidated
		7.4.3 Attitudes Toward the TDR Approach Are Appreciative
		7.4.4 Understanding of TDR Remained Vague
		7.4.5 The Application of TDR Is Often Shortened
		7.4.6 Multidisciplinarity Prevailed
		7.4.7 Involvement of Practitioners Aims at Acceptance and Implementation
		7.4.8 Challenges and Barriers to Applying TDR Are Often Underestimated, but Need Professionalisation
		7.4.9 Scholarliness Runs the Risk of Falling Behind
		7.4.10 The Science-Practice Benefits Equilibrium Is Off-Balance
	7.5 Conclusion and Outlook
	References
8 Innovations for Sustainable Land Management—A Comparative Case Study
	8.1 Sustainable Land Management—A Normative Orientation for Transformation
	8.2 The “Sustainable Land Management” Innovation System
	8.3 Analysis of Innovations in Sustainable Land Management
	8.4 Case Study: The German Funding Programme “Innovation Groups for Sustainable Land Management”
		8.4.1 Problem Definition of Projects and Societal Pressure for Action
		8.4.2 Solution Strategies and Types of Innovation
		8.4.3 Steering Innovation Processes
		8.4.4 Leverage Points in the Governance System of Land (Use)
	8.5 Discussion and Conclusion: Three Theses on the Specifics of SLM Innovations
	References
9 Knowledge Exchange at Science-Policy Interfaces in the Fields of Spatial Planning, Land Use and Soil Management: A Swiss Case Study
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Conceptualising “Knowledge Transfer” and “Knowledge Exchange”
	9.3 Methods
	9.4 A Typology of Knowledge Exchange in Spatial Planning, Land Use and Soil Management in Switzerland
		9.4.1 Type 1: Knowledge Transfer
		9.4.2 Type 2: Knowledge Transfer Support
		9.4.3 Type 3: Knowledge Exchange
		9.4.4 Type 4: Knowledge Exchange Support
		9.4.5 Type 5: Participatory Knowledge Development and Use
		9.4.6 Type 6: Formal and Informal Knowledge Exchange
	9.5 Barriers to and Opportunities for Knowledge Exchange in Spatial Planning, Land Use and Soil Management in Switzerland
		9.5.1 Barriers to Knowledge Exchange
		9.5.2 Opportunities for Knowledge Exchange
	9.6 Discussion
		9.6.1 Types of Knowledge Exchange
		9.6.2 Barriers to and Opportunities for Knowledge Exchange
	9.7 Conclusions
	References
10 Serious Games in Sustainable Land Management
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Post-Fossil Energy in the Twenty-First Century?
	10.3 How High Energy Prices Affect Communities
	10.4 Rising Energy Prices and Land Use—A New Research Focus
	10.5 Serious Games—A Different Approach to Sustainable Land Management
	10.6 The Serious Game Developed by €LAN—Methodological Outline
	10.7 Investigating Energy-Price Effects in the Hamburg Metropolitan Region—How to Integrate Regional Decision-Makers
	10.8 How to Play the €LAN Serious Game
	10.9 The Resulting Policy Agenda
	10.10 Future Options for Using New Modes of Integration
	References
11 Real-World Laboratories Initiated by Practitioner Stakeholders for Sustainable Land Management—Characteristics and Challenges Using the Example of Energieavantgarde Anhalt
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Real-World Laboratories Initiated by the Practitioner Stakeholder Energieavantgarde Anhalt e.V.
	11.3 A Comparison of Core Characteristics
		11.3.1 Regarding Research Orientation
		11.3.2 Regarding Normativity
		11.3.3 Regarding Transformativity
		11.3.4 Regarding Civil Society Orientation, Participation
		11.3.5 Regarding the Long-Term Nature and Laboratory Character
		11.3.6 Regarding Continuous Processes of Reflection and Learning
	11.4 A Summary Critical Appraisal and Outlook
	References
12 Knowledge Management for Sustainability: The Spatial Dimension of Higher Education as an Opportunity for Land Management
	12.1 Introduction
		12.1.1 Generating and Disseminating Knowledge for Sustainable Land Use
		12.1.2 New Ways of Knowledge Generation, Dissemination and Management: Higher Education Research with a Focus on E-Learning, Organisational Development and Digitalisation
	12.2 Digitalisation of Higher Education
		12.2.1 Classification into Megatrends of the Twenty-First Century
		12.2.2 Digital Media and the Resulting Changes in Higher Education Teaching and Learning
	12.3 Spatial Dimensions: Informal Spaces and New Learning Worlds in Adult and Continuing Education
		12.3.1 Governmental Argumentation in Favour of Digital Continuous Education
		12.3.2 Changes in Organisational Learning and Communication Behaviour
		12.3.3 Economic Versus Educational Perspectives: A Sample Case
	12.4 Interactions of Space and Education in the Context of Digitalisation
		12.4.1 The Spatial Dimension
		12.4.2 Relevant Knowledge Economics and Educational Geographic Assumptions
		12.4.3 Exemplary Developments in the Context of Research on Knowledge Networks in Land Use in Germany
	12.5 Discussion and Summary Remarks
		12.5.1 A Solution? Multifaceted, Networked Digital Knowledge Construction as an Opportunity for Equal Spatial Development
		12.5.2 Three Assumptions
		12.5.3 Methodological Critique and Future Research Needs
	References
13 Transcending the Loading Dock Paradigm—Rethinking Science-Practice Transfer and Implementation in Sustainable Land Management
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Science, Society and the Drive Towards Transformation
	13.3 From the “Loading Dock” to Reflexive Discourses—A Short Anthology of T&I as Objects of Scientific Investigation
	13.4 Reframing T&I for SLM
	13.5 T&I Strategic Policy Pathways in SLM
	13.6 Conclusion
	References
Part IIICo-Evolution: New System Solutions and Governance
14 Small-Scale System Solutions—Material Flow Management (MFM) in Settlements (Water, Energy, Food, Materials)
	14.1 Introduction
		14.1.1 Anthropogenic Systems, GDP Growth, and Material Flow Management
		14.1.2 The Throughput Society and the SDGs
		14.1.3 MFM and Associated Tools
	14.2 Europe’s First Zero Emission Campus: The Environmental Campus Birkenfeld (ECB)
	14.3 Sustainable (Bio)energy Villages and Communities
	14.4 Programmes and Concepts
		14.4.1 The Sustainability Roadshow
		14.4.2 “Dorfkern” Companies
	14.5 Conclusions
	References
15 Multifunctional Urban Landscapes: The Potential Role of Urban Agriculture as an Element of Sustainable Land Management
	15.1 Background on Urban Agriculture
	15.2 Motivations for UA: New Consumer-Producer Relationships and Co-production
	15.3 Functions and Services Provided by UA Concerning Sustainable Land Management
		15.3.1 Social Functions and Services
		15.3.2 Ecological Functions and Services
		15.3.3 Economic Functions and Services
		15.3.4 Limitations
	15.4 Conclusion
	References
16 Integrating Ecosystem Services, Green Infrastructure and Nature-Based Solutions—New Perspectives in Sustainable Urban Land Management
	16.1 Challenges in Urban Land Management: The Case of European Cities
	16.2 Three Concepts for One Goal
	16.3 Ecosystem Services, or the Benefits Nature Provides to Urban Populations
	16.4 Designing nature’s Benefits into Green Urban Infrastructure in Cities
	16.5 ES and UGI as Nature-Based Solutions to Urban Land Management Challenges?
	16.6 Conclusions for Sustainable Urban Land Management in the Future
	References
17 Upcoming Challenges in Land Use Science—An International Perspective
	17.1 Introduction
	17.2 Current International Debates and Political Discourses
	17.3 Topics for Future Research Areas
	17.4 Challenges in Research Practice
	17.5 Outlook
	References
Part IVOutlook
18 Conclusions and Research Perspectives
	18.1 Problems and Challenges
	18.2 Sustainable Land Management—New Approaches
	18.3 Final Conclusion
	References