Sustainable Development at Risk: Ignoring the Past

Contents......Page 6
Dedication......Page 4
Foreword......Page 12
Preface......Page 16
Acknowledgements......Page 19
Sustainable development: scope and purpose of the text......Page 20
Difficulties of definition and concept......Page 21
Corporate memory......Page 22
Ancient concepts of sustainable development......Page 23
Food systems analysis......Page 25
Industrial biotechnologies......Page 26
Ethical, ideological and political issues......Page 27
General comment......Page 28
Defining and determining development......Page 29
What is sustainable development?......Page 30
Sustainable: static or dynamic?......Page 32
Primitive and early human development......Page 34
Development out of poverty......Page 35
Complexity of international development......Page 36
Resource conservation......Page 43
Adjusted net savings......Page 49
Uncertainties unresolved......Page 50
The Atlantic Charter......Page 52
The United Nations and its Charter......Page 53
The UN and its Specialised Agencies......Page 54
Liberation from colonialism......Page 55
Conflict in the Middle East......Page 56
International development conferences......Page 57
Purposes of international development programmes......Page 59
Assessments of international development programmes......Page 63
World Bank Development Reports......Page 65
Comment on World Bank Development Reports......Page 78
UNDP Human Development Reports......Page 80
Final observation......Page 85
4 From Pearson to Johannesburg......Page 86
The Pearson Commission......Page 87
The Brandt Commission......Page 91
The Brundtland Commission......Page 94
Pearson, Brandt and Brundtland......Page 98
International conferences on environment and development......Page 101
The UN World Summit on Sustainable Development [WSSD]......Page 108
Final observation......Page 111
Poverty and development......Page 113
Poverty and World Bank Development Reports......Page 118
Security......Page 121
Constraints to trade and hopes for reform......Page 123
UNDP Human Development recommendations......Page 124
General comment......Page 125
Sustainable survival......Page 126
Agriculture and biotechnologies......Page 127
Evolution of Planet Earth......Page 128
Hunting and gathering......Page 129
Early hominid diets......Page 131
From hunting to settled agriculture......Page 133
Demographic, economic and social change: the river valley civilisations......Page 134
Roman agriculture......Page 139
From empiricism to scientific agriculture......Page 141
From alchemy to chemistry......Page 145
Taxonomic classification......Page 148
Mendal......Page 150
Closing comment......Page 151
Diverse and divergent concepts......Page 152
Other commentaries and recommendations......Page 154
Conservation and preservation......Page 156
Agricultural resources......Page 157
Variations on the sustainable theme......Page 159
Chemical fertilisers......Page 162
Contentious issues......Page 165
International agricultural research: the CGIAR......Page 171
Genetic modifications......Page 175
GM crops: potential benefits......Page 180
Closing comment......Page 181
Diverse definitions......Page 182
Food security, income and poverty......Page 184
Strategic food stocks......Page 188
Nutritional adequacy......Page 189
Urban growth and food security......Page 195
Final observation......Page 196
Biotechnologies: definition and evolution......Page 198
Beginnings of biotechnologies......Page 199
Food preservation......Page 200
From hand labour to mechanisation......Page 201
Evolution of pharmaceuticals......Page 205
Food and pharmaceutical industries......Page 209
Influence of supermarkets......Page 210
Industrial biotechnologies: changing patterns and future prospects......Page 211
Biomedical industries......Page 212
Industrial biotechnologies: trends and prospects......Page 217
Processes of preservation......Page 221
Final comment......Page 227
The planet’s creation and evolution......Page 228
Governance of environments and resources......Page 229
Confusion of carrying capacity......Page 231
The people that on Earth do dwell......Page 233
Energy......Page 239
Atmosphere and climate......Page 249
Water......Page 258
Final comment......Page 266
11 Case Studies of Successful Projects......Page 269
The Canada-Mysore project......Page 270
Farming systems research – IDRC initiatives......Page 274
Ilo-Ilo and diversifying FSR......Page 276
Comment from M.S. Swaminathan......Page 278
The MSSRF Biovillage programme......Page 279
VGKK/KT-CFTRI health and employment programme......Page 280
Focus on semi-arid tropics......Page 282
Post-production system......Page 285
Social forestry and agroforestry......Page 287
Local management of water......Page 289
Essential health in Tanzania......Page 292
Making waves – and escaping the tsunami......Page 295
Systems of governance......Page 298
Unsustained political priorities......Page 299
A donor’s vacillating policies......Page 300
Concepts of democracy......Page 301
What is the purpose of human existence?......Page 305
Religion and politics......Page 307
Unsustained and unsustainable political systems......Page 308
India’s potential in world affairs......Page 311
Political participation in national development......Page 312
Governments and industrial research and development......Page 314
Ethical issues and concepts......Page 316
Ethics in biotechnologies......Page 318
Potential benefits from genetic modifications......Page 321
Functional genomics......Page 325
Ethics and sustainable bio-industries......Page 326
Ethics in international trade......Page 329
Centralised versus decentralised management......Page 331
Human resource development......Page 332
Language and communications......Page 335
Evolution of the means of communication......Page 336
Neglect of development progess......Page 340
Epilogue......Page 342
A......Page 350
B......Page 351
C......Page 352
G......Page 353
H......Page 354
L......Page 355
M......Page 356
P......Page 357
R......Page 358
T......Page 359
Z......Page 360
References......Page 361
A......Page 369
B......Page 371
C......Page 373
D......Page 375
E......Page 376
F......Page 377
G......Page 378
H......Page 379
I......Page 380
K......Page 381
M......Page 382
N......Page 383
P......Page 384
R......Page 386
S......Page 387
U......Page 389
V......Page 390
Z......Page 391