Surgical Anatomy of the Infratemporal Fossa

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Contents......Page 5
Contributors......Page 8
Preface......Page 10
THE CONTENTS OF THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA......Page 11
Attachments......Page 12
Actions......Page 13
Attachments......Page 14
THE PTERYGOID HIATUS4,14......Page 15
THE MANDIBULAR NERVE (FIGS 1.7–1.9)......Page 16
The deep temporal nerves (Fig. 1.5)......Page 17
The lingual nerve (Figs 1.4, 1.7–1.9, 1.12)......Page 18
The inferior alveolar nerve (Figs 1.4, 1.7–1.9, 1.12)......Page 19
THE OTIC GANGLION (Figs 1.9, 1.10, 1.12)......Page 20
THE MAXILLARY ARTERY (Figs 1.4, 1.7, 1.11–1.13)......Page 21
THE PTERYGOID VENOUS PLEXUS39......Page 22
OTHER FEATURES OF THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA......Page 23
REFERENCES......Page 24
THE MANDIBULAR FOSSA......Page 33
THE JOINT CAPSULE......Page 34
THE ARTICULAR DISC (Figs 2.6–2.10)......Page 35
THE LIGAMENTS OF THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT......Page 37
THE INNERVATION AND VASCULATURE OF THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT......Page 39
THE PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA......Page 40
THE MAXILLARY NERVE......Page 43
The meningeal nerve......Page 44
The orbital nerve......Page 45
The greater (anterior) palatine nerve (Figs 2.21, 2.23)......Page 46
THE PTERYGOPALATINE GANGLION (FIGS 2.21–2.23; SEE ALSO FIG. 1.5)......Page 47
THE MAXILLARY ARTERY (Figs. 1.13, 2.24, 5.8)......Page 49
SOME SURGICAL ASPECTS OF THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT......Page 50
SURGICAL ANATOMY OF TMJ ARTHROSCOPY......Page 51
OPEN ACCESS TO THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT......Page 53
REFERENCES......Page 54
BACKGROUND......Page 57
POSTERIOR SUPERIOR ALVEOLAR NERVE BLOCK (FIG. 3.5)......Page 59
Intraoral techniques......Page 60
Greater palatine canal method (Fig. 3.7)......Page 61
COMPLICATIONS OF INFRATEMPORAL NERVE BLOCKS FOR THE MAXILLA......Page 62
MANDIBULAR ANAESTHESIA......Page 63
Extraoral approach (Fig. 3.11)......Page 64
The intraoral ‘high condyle’ (Gow-Gates) technique (Fig. 3.12)......Page 65
Extraoral approach (Fig. 3.13)......Page 66
Inferior alveolar nerve block: intraoral methods......Page 67
REFERENCES......Page 68
TISSUE SPACES ASSOCIATED WITH THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA— THE MASTICATOR TISSUE SPACES......Page 70
TISSUE SPACES ADJACENT TO THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA......Page 72
THE FASCIA AND TISSUE SPACES OF THE NECK......Page 74
THE FASCIA OF THE NECK (Figs 4.12–4.14)......Page 75
THE TISSUE SPACES OF THE NECK (Figs 4.14, 4.15)......Page 77
Aetiology and pathology......Page 78
PHARYNGEAL SPACE INFECTIONS......Page 79
Clinical features......Page 81
Management of cellulitis......Page 82
Management of cavernous sinus thrombosis......Page 83
SPREAD OF INFECTION BY VASCULAR PATHWAYS AND THE LYMPHATICS......Page 84
REFERENCES......Page 85
INTRODUCTION......Page 88
HAEMORRHAGE ASSOCIATED WITH MAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA AND MIDFACIAL OSTEOTOMIES......Page 92
FALSE ANEURYSMS, ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULAE, AND THROMBOSIS......Page 94
FALSE ANEURYSMS......Page 95
KERATITIS SICCA......Page 96
TRAUMATIC OPTIC NEUROPATHY......Page 98
RETROBULBAR HAEMORRHAGE......Page 99
EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE DYSFUNCTION......Page 100
SENSORY DEFICITS OF THE SECOND AND THIRD DIVISIONS OF THE TRIGEMINAL NERVE......Page 101
REFERENCES......Page 102
SURGICAL LANDMARKS......Page 107
CLASSIFICATION......Page 108
SURGICAL APPROACHES......Page 109
TRANSANTRAL APPROACH......Page 110
EXTENDED MAXILLOTOMY APPROACH......Page 111
EXTENDED OSTEOPLASTIC MAXILLOTOMY......Page 112
TRANSZYGOMATIC APPROACH......Page 113
TUMOURS IN THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA......Page 115
COMBINED APPROACHES......Page 116
REFERENCES......Page 117
APPLIED ANATOMY......Page 119
SURGICAL APPROACHES......Page 121
Surgical technique......Page 122
TRANSFACIAL APPROACHES FOR ACCESS TO TUMOURS OF THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA......Page 125
Notes on surgical anatomy......Page 127
Maxillo cheek flap......Page 128
Naso maxillo cheek flap......Page 129
Naso maxillo cheek flap......Page 130
Maxillo cheek flap......Page 131
Case 1......Page 132
Case 3......Page 133
Discussion......Page 134
Surgical technique......Page 136
Surgical technique......Page 138
Surgical technique......Page 139
Lateral transmandibular approaches......Page 140
The inverted ‘L’/‘C’ osteotomy......Page 142
Extended exposure: ramus/body osteotomies......Page 144
Approach for pathology confined to the infratemporal fossa—subcranial approach......Page 146
Approach for pathology involving the infratemporal fossa and middle cranial fossa......Page 148
Surgical technique......Page 149
REFERENCES......Page 155
THE PAROTID GLAND......Page 157
PAROTID CAPSULE......Page 158
FORM AND RELATIONS OF THE PAROTID GLAND (Figs 8.3–8.5)......Page 159
FACIAL NERVE25,26 (Figs 8.3, 8.4, 8.7–8.10, 8.20)......Page 162
Cervical branch of facial nerve......Page 165
Approach 2......Page 166
Approach 4......Page 167
THE RETROMANDIBULAR VEIN......Page 168
THE EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY......Page 169
THE INNERVATION OF THE PAROTID GLAND......Page 170
REFERENCES......Page 173
CLASSIFICATION......Page 178
BRAINSTEM NUCLEI......Page 179
CLINICAL FEATURES......Page 180
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA......Page 181
MEDICAL TREATMENT......Page 184
PERCUTANEOUS PROCEDURES......Page 185
Retrogasserian glycerol injection......Page 186
Thermocoagulation......Page 187
Middle fossa decompression......Page 188
OPEN PROCEDURES—THE NUCLEUS CAUDALIS DORSAL ROOT ENTRY ZONE (DREZ) PROCEDURE......Page 189
SUMMARY......Page 190
REFERENCES......Page 191
ADDITIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 192
Index......Page 193