SuperSimple Biology: The Ultimate Bitesize Study Guide

Contents
Working Scientifically
	How science works
	Taking measurements
	Working with variables
	Scientific models
	Questions in science
	Benefits and risks of science
	Finding the average
	Presenting data
	Scientific progress
	Scientific units
	Working safely
What is Life?
	Characteristics of life
	Classification of species
	Kingdoms of life
	Body organization
	Organ systems
	Vertebrates
	Invertebrates
	Plants
	Evolutionary trees
	Identification keys
Cells
	Animal cells
	Plant cells
	Single-celled organisms
	Bacteria
	Microscopes
	Using a microscope
	Stem cells
	Mitosis
	Meiosis
	Binary fission
	Culturing bacteria
	Effect of antibiotics and antiseptics
Transport and Cells
	Diffusion
	Osmosis
	Investigating osmosis
	Active transport
	Surface area and volume
	Exchange and transport
Respiration
	Respiration
	Investigating the rate of respiration
	Aerobic respiration
	Anaerobic respiration
Enzymes
	Enzymes
	Enzymes and temperature
	Enzymes and pH
	Enzymes and substrates
	Enzymes in industry
	Investigating enzymes
	Metabolism
Nutrition in Plants
	Photosynthesis
	Leaves
	Stomata
	Plants and glucose
	Plant nutrients
	Adapting to extreme environments
	Investigating photosynthesis
	Rate of photosynthesis
	Measuring the rate of photosynthesis
	Inverse square law
	Greenhouse farming
Nutrition in Humans
	Nutrients
	Vitamins and minerals
	Measuring energy in food
	Balanced eating
	Food tests
	Digestive system
	Digestive enzymes
	Absorption of food
Transport in Plants
	Transport system
	Transpiration
	Plant roots
	Rate of transpiration
	Measuring transpiration
Transport in Animals
	Circulatory system
	Blood vessels
	Structure of blood vessels
	Blood
	The heart
	How the heart works
	Heart rate
	Changing heart rate
	Lymphatic system
	The lungs
	Breathing
	Effects of exercise on breathing
Nervous System
	Stimulus and response
	Nervous system
	Neurons
	Synapses
	Reflex arc
	Measuring reaction time
	The brain
	Studying the brain
	Nervous system damage
	The eye
	Seeing
	Nearsightedness
	Farsightedness
	Astigmatism
	The ear
	Temperature control
Hormones
	The endocrine system
	Homeostasis
	Insulin and glucagon
	Diabetes
	The kidneys
	Puberty in males
	Puberty in females
	The menstrual cycle
	Contraceptives
	Fertility treatment
	Adrenaline
	Thyroxine
	Plant hormones
	Using plant hormones
	Effect of light on seedlings
Reproduction
	Sexual reproduction
	Asexual reproduction
	Flowers
	Wind pollination
	Fruit
	Seed dispersal
	Seeds
	Factors that affect germination
	Asexual reproduction in plants
	Life cycle of insects
	Life cycle of amphibians
	Life cycle of birds
	Life cycle of mammals
	Male reproductive system
	Female reproductive system
	Human fertilization
	Pregnancy
	Childbirth
Genetics and Biotechnology
	Genome
	Human Genome Project
	Structure of DNA
	Protein synthesis 1
	Protein synthesis 2
	Mutations
	Genes and alleles
	Genetic crosses
	Codominance
	Mendel's work
	Blood groups
	Inherited disorders
	Genetic testing
	Sex determination
	Sex linkage
	Cloning animals
	Genetic engineering
	Cloning plants
	Industrial fermentation
Evolution
	Variation
	Continuous and discontinuous variation
	Darwin and Wallace
	Evolution
	Fossils
	Antibiotic-resistant bacteria
	Selective breeding
	Speciation
	Extinction
Ecology
	Ecology
	Interdependence
	Classifying feeding
	Food webs
	Decomposers
	Abiotic factors
	Biotic factors
	Predator–prey cycles
	Social behavior
	Energy transfers
	Pyramids of biomass
	Drawing pyramids of biomass
	Abundance
	Carrying capacity
	Distribution of organisms
	The water cycle
	The carbon cycle
	The nitrogen cycle
Humans and the Environment
	Human population growth
	Need for resources
	Biodiversity
	Global warming
	Climate change
	Changing ecosystems
	Changing distributions
	Carbon sinks
	Introduced species
	Water pollution
	Land pollution
	Air pollution
	Conservation
	Food security
	Food production and sustainability
	Farming methods
	Biofuels
Health
	Health and disease
	Effects of lifestyle on disease
	Heart disease
	Heart surgery
	Pathogens
	Transmissible diseases
	Viruses
	Viral diseases
	Bacterial diseases
	Protoctist and fungal diseases
	Body barriers
	Phagocytes
	Lymphocytes
	Long-term immunity
	Vaccination
	Monoclonal antibodies
	Cancer
	Drugs
	Testing drugs
	Pests and plants
	Plant defenses
Glossary
Index