Sun Java web server: the essential guide

Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 8
 What Is New in Sun Web Server 7.0?......Page 28
 1.1 Earlier Versions of Sun Web Server......Page 29
 1.2 Sun Java System Web Server 7.0—A Conceptual Overview......Page 31
  1.3.1 Web Server Core Subsystem......Page 32
  1.3.3 Core Subsystem Improvements......Page 33
 1.4 Manageability Enhancements......Page 34
  1.4.2 Command-line Administrator Interface......Page 35
  1.4.3 Cluster Management......Page 37
 1.5 Security Improvements......Page 38
 1.6 Web Application Ease of Development and Deployment......Page 40
 1.7 Interoperability Improvements......Page 41
 1.8 Internationalization (I18N) and Globalization (G11n) Support......Page 42
 1.9 Summary......Page 43
 1.10 Self-Paced Labs......Page 44
 2.1 Server Processes......Page 46
 2.2 Web Server Architecture......Page 49
  2.2.1 Connection Handling Threads......Page 50
  2.2.2 Server Application Functions......Page 51
  2.2.4 Process Modes......Page 52
  2.2.5 Native Thread Pools......Page 53
  2.2.7 Security and Access Control......Page 54
  2.2.9 Dynamic Reconfiguration......Page 55
  2.2.10 Pattern Matching......Page 56
 2.3 Administration Server Architecture......Page 57
  2.4.1 Common Gateway Interface......Page 58
  2.4.3 FastCGI......Page 59
 2.5 Multi-Threaded Architecture......Page 60
 2.6 64-bit Support......Page 65
 2.8 Self-Paced Labs......Page 66
 3.1 Supported Platforms......Page 68
 3.2 Obtaining the Software......Page 69
 3.3 Preparing for Installation......Page 71
  3.4.1 The setup Command......Page 72
  3.4.2 Graphical Installation......Page 73
  3.4.3 Command-Line Installation......Page 88
  3.4.4 Silent Installation......Page 89
 3.5 Verifying the Installation......Page 95
  3.5.1 Installation Log Files......Page 96
  3.5.2 Server Processes......Page 101
  3.5.3 Directory Structure......Page 104
  3.5.4 Non-Windows Product Registry Entries......Page 108
  3.5.5 Windows Specific Entries......Page 110
 3.6 Post-Installation Tasks......Page 111
  3.6.1 Starting and Stopping Web Server 7.0......Page 112
  3.6.2 Accessing Web Server 7.0 Instances......Page 115
 3.7 Uninstalling Web Server 7.0......Page 117
  3.7.2 Graphical Uninstallation......Page 118
  3.7.3 Command-Line Uninstallation......Page 123
 3.8 Migrating to Web Server 7.0......Page 125
  3.8.1 The Migration Process......Page 126
  3.8.2 What Is and Is Not Migrated......Page 127
  3.8.3 Migrating Using the Graphical User Interface......Page 129
  3.8.4 Migrating Using the Command-Line Interface......Page 130
 3.10 Self-Paced Labs......Page 132
Chapter 4 Web Server 7.0 Administration......Page 134
 4.1 Web Server 7.0 Administration Framework......Page 135
 4.2 Terminology......Page 136
  4.2.2 Administration Node......Page 137
  4.2.3 Configuration......Page 138
  4.2.4 Configuration Store......Page 139
  4.2.7 Virtual Server......Page 141
 4.3 Administrative Architecture......Page 142
  4.3.3 Agent MBeans......Page 144
  4.4.1 Starting on UNIX-based Systems......Page 145
  4.4.3 Starting and Stopping on Windows Systems......Page 147
 4.5 Methods for Administering Web Server 7.0......Page 148
  4.5.1 Administration Console......Page 149
  4.5.2 Command Line Interface......Page 153
  4.5.3 Manually Editing Configuration Files......Page 167
 4.6 Localization and Accessibility......Page 168
  4.6.2 Localization of the Command Line Interface......Page 169
  4.6.3 Accessibility......Page 171
  4.7.1 Creating a New Configuration......Page 172
  4.7.2 Deploying an Existing Configuration......Page 175
  4.7.3 Rolling Back to a Previous Configuration......Page 177
  4.7.4 Deleting an Existing Configuration......Page 179
 4.8 Summary......Page 180
 4.9 Self-Paced Labs......Page 181
Chapter 5 Web Server 7.0 Configuration Files......Page 182
 5.1 The magnus.conf File......Page 183
  5.1.1 Syntax......Page 185
  5.1.3 Modifications......Page 186
  5.2.1 Syntax......Page 187
  5.2.2 XML Schema......Page 190
  5.2.4 Modifications......Page 191
  5.3.1 File Structure......Page 192
  5.3.2 Syntax......Page 194
 5.4 The mime.types File......Page 201
  5.4.1 File Structure......Page 202
  5.4.3 Processing......Page 204
  5.4.4 Context......Page 207
 5.5 Trust Database Files (*.db Files)......Page 208
  5.5.1 File Structure......Page 209
  5.5.3 Modifications......Page 210
  5.6.1 Syntax......Page 211
  5.6.3 Modifications......Page 212
 5.7 The certmap.conf File......Page 213
  5.7.1 File Structure......Page 214
  5.7.2 Syntax......Page 215
  5.7.3 Context......Page 218
 5.8 The default.acl File......Page 219
  5.8.1 File Structure......Page 220
  5.8.2 Syntax......Page 221
  5.8.4 Modifications......Page 226
  5.9.1 Syntax......Page 227
 5.10 The login.conf File......Page 228
  5.10.1 File Structure......Page 229
  5.10.4 Modifications......Page 230
 5.11 The keyfile File......Page 231
  5.11.2 Syntax......Page 232
 5.13 Self-Paced Labs......Page 233
Chapter 6 Web Server 7.0 Request Processing......Page 236
 6.1 Request Processing Stages......Page 237
  6.1.1 Authorization Translation (AuthTrans) Stage......Page 238
  6.1.2 Name Translation (NameTrans) Stage......Page 239
  6.1.3 Path Check (PathCheck) Stage......Page 241
  6.1.4 Object Type (ObjectType) Stage......Page 246
  6.1.5 Input and Output Stages......Page 250
  6.1.6 Request Routing (Route) Stage......Page 251
  6.1.7 Response Generation (Service) Stage......Page 252
  6.1.8 Adding Log Entries (AddLog) Stage......Page 254
  6.1.9 Error Handling (Error) Stage......Page 255
 6.2 Default Request Processing Behavior......Page 256
  6.2.1 Request for Static Content......Page 258
  6.2.2 Request for a File that Does Not Exist......Page 260
 6.3 Conditional Processing......Page 261
  6.3.2 Name Translation (name) Attributes......Page 262
  6.3.3 Partial Path (ppath) Attributes......Page 263
  6.3.4 Client Containers......Page 264
  6.3.5 If/ElseIf/Else Containers......Page 265
  6.4.1 Simple Pattern Matching......Page 268
  6.4.2 Regular Expressions......Page 270
  6.5.1 The log SAF......Page 276
  6.5.2 The Server Log......Page 277
 6.7 Self-Paced Labs......Page 281
Chapter 7 Monitoring Web Server 7.0......Page 284
 7.1 Web Server Statistics......Page 285
 7.2 The Web Server Monitoring Subsystem......Page 286
  7.3.1 Web Server Log Files......Page 288
  7.3.2 XML Report......Page 298
  7.3.3 Plain Text Report......Page 302
  7.3.4 Command Line Interface......Page 306
  7.3.5 Administration Console......Page 312
  7.3.6 Java ES Monitoring Framework (Java ES-MF)......Page 317
  7.3.7 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)......Page 318
 7.4 How to Use Monitoring Data to Tune the Web Server......Page 320
 7.6 Self-Paced Labs......Page 323
Chapter 8 Securing Web Server 7.0......Page 326
  8.1.1 User Authentication......Page 327
  8.1.2 Access Control......Page 339
 8.2 Using SSL Certificates to Secure Data......Page 352
  8.2.1 Symmetric-key Encryption......Page 354
  8.2.2 Public-key Encryption......Page 355
  8.2.3 X.509 Digital Certificates......Page 356
  8.2.4 Types of Certificates......Page 359
  8.2.5 Certificate Authorities......Page 361
  8.2.6 SSL Handshake......Page 364
  8.3.1 Automating CRL Processing......Page 368
  8.3.2 CRL Processing......Page 370
  8.4.1 Request Flooding......Page 371
  8.4.2 Monopolizing Server Connections......Page 374
 8.5 Using the Web Server as Reverse Proxy......Page 376
 8.6 Summary......Page 379
  8.7.1 Access Control......Page 380
  8.7.2 Digital Certificates......Page 381
  8.7.3 Certificate Revocation Lists......Page 383
  8.7.4 Denial of Service Attacks......Page 384
  8.7.5 Reverse Proxy Configuration......Page 385
Chapter 9 Providing Dynamic Content Through Scripting......Page 386
  9.1.1 CGI Configuration......Page 387
  9.1.2 CGI Server Application Functions (SAFs)......Page 399
 9.2 Server-Parsed HTML (SHTML)......Page 402
  9.2.1 SHTML Commands......Page 404
  9.2.2 SHTML Configuration......Page 405
  9.2.3 SHTML Server Application Functions (SAFs)......Page 410
 9.3 FastCGI......Page 412
  9.3.1 FastCGI Configuration......Page 413
  9.3.2 FastCGI Server Application Functions (SAFs)......Page 416
  9.4.1 PHP Configuration......Page 419
 9.5 Active Server Pages......Page 422
 9.6 Summary......Page 423
 9.7 Self-Paced Labs......Page 424
Chapter 10 Providing Dynamic Content Through Java......Page 426
  10.1.1 Java Servlets......Page 427
  10.1.2 JavaServer Pages......Page 428
  10.1.3 JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library......Page 429
  10.1.5 Java Naming and Directory Interface......Page 430
  10.1.6 JavaServer Faces......Page 431
  10.1.7 Java Web Services......Page 432
  10.1.9 Java Web Application Session Replication......Page 434
 10.2 Server-side Java Process Model......Page 435
 10.3 Java Request Processing Behavior......Page 436
  10.3.1 Request for Java Content......Page 440
  10.3.2 Request for Java Content that Does Not Exist......Page 441
  10.3.4 Request for a Directory in a Java Web Application with Welcome Files......Page 442
  10.3.5 Request for MIME-Mapped Content in a Java Web Application......Page 443
 10.4 Java Configuration......Page 444
  10.4.1 Java Configuration Files......Page 445
  10.4.2 Globally Enabling/Disabling Java......Page 446
  10.4.3 Enabling/Disabling Java for a Virtual Server......Page 448
  10.4.4 Global Java Settings......Page 449
 10.5 Java Web Applications......Page 451
  10.5.2 Java Web Application Contents......Page 452
  10.5.3 Java Web Application Configuration in Web Server......Page 454
  10.5.4 Deploying Java Web Applications into Web Server......Page 466
  10.5.5 Session Management in Java Web Applications......Page 479
  10.5.6 Java Web Application Security......Page 481
  10.5.7 Caching in Java Web Applications......Page 482
  10.5.8 Classloaders......Page 484
  10.5.9 Dynamically Reconfiguring Java Web Applications......Page 486
 10.6 Web Server and NetBeans......Page 490
  10.6.1 Installing the Web Server 7.0 Plugin for the NetBeans IDE......Page 491
  10.6.2 Creating a Java Web Application......Page 493
  10.6.3 Deploying a Java Web Application......Page 497
  10.6.4 Basic Web Server Administration......Page 499
  10.6.5 Debugging Web Applications......Page 501
 10.7 Summary......Page 508
 10.8 Self-Paced Labs......Page 510
Chapter 11 Troubleshooting Web Server 7.0......Page 512
  11.1.2 Startup Problems......Page 513
  11.1.5 Runtime Errors......Page 514
  11.1.9 Uninstallation Problems......Page 515
  11.2.3 Web Server Environment......Page 516
  11.2.4 Environment on Other Servers......Page 517
 11.3 The Usual Suspects......Page 518
  11.4.1 Log Files......Page 520
  11.4.2 HTTP Access Log Files......Page 523
  11.4.3 Core Files......Page 525
  11.4.4 Web Server Statistics......Page 526
  11.4.6 Product Documentation......Page 527
  11.5.1 Diagnostic Commands and Tools......Page 528
  11.5.3 Correlating Access and Server Log Entries......Page 539
  11.5.5 Effective Monitoring......Page 540
  11.5.7 Editing the Correct Virtual Server Object File......Page 543
 11.6 Other Investigating Agencies......Page 544
 11.8 Self-Paced Labs......Page 545
Chapter 12 Building Secure, Dynamic Web 2.0 Sites with Web Server 7.0......Page 546
 12.1 Site: Sun Blogs......Page 548
 12.2 Site: Sun Forums......Page 553
 12.3 Major League Baseball Advanced Media LP......Page 557
 12.5 Self-Paced Labs......Page 559
Appendix A: Detailed Look at the server.xml File......Page 560
Appendix B: Sample XML Report Data......Page 566
Appendix C: Sample Plain Text Report Data......Page 572
 A......Page 584
 B-C......Page 585
 D......Page 588
 G......Page 589
 I......Page 590
 K......Page 591
 M......Page 592
 O......Page 593
 P......Page 594
 S......Page 595
 T......Page 598
 W......Page 599
 X......Page 600