Suicide Terror: Understanding and Confronting the Threat

SUICIDE TERROR......Page 5
CONTENTS......Page 7
Preface......Page 13
Acknowledgments......Page 17
Contributors......Page 19
Background......Page 23
Defining the Threat......Page 24
Proposed Definitions......Page 28
Analyses of Data......Page 45
Overview......Page 47
Endnotes......Page 48
Introduction: Where Is the Jihad Today?......Page 53
Do We Need to Know Why?......Page 54
The Origins and Evolution of the Global Jihad......Page 57
Osama bin Laden and Dr. Ayman al-Zawahiri—The Al-Qaeda View of the Jihad......Page 58
Support for the Global Jihad......Page 63
Tauhid—The Oneness of God......Page 64
Jihad......Page 65
Jahaliyyah......Page 66
The Spread of the Jihad Across the World......Page 68
Case Study of Jihad Development: Egypt......Page 69
The Jihad in the United States......Page 71
Toward a Legal Definition of Terrorism in the United States......Page 73
Financing and Organization......Page 75
The Jihad: Version 2.0......Page 78
The Jihad’s Virtual 007......Page 79
Understanding Techno-Intelligence Signatures......Page 81
Internet Activity and Terrorist Finance—Synergy in Cyberspace......Page 82
Conclusions......Page 83
Appendix 1: Internet Sites and the Global Jihad......Page 84
Appendix 2: Incidents in the United States since 9/11......Page 85
Endnotes......Page 90
Arab–Israeli Conflict......Page 95
The First Circle: The Palestinian Suicide Bomber and His Motives......Page 109
The Second Circle: The Organizational Wrapping......Page 113
The Third Circle: The Social Wrapping......Page 118
How Has Israel Confronted Suicide Terrorism?......Page 127
The Prevention Circle......Page 129
The Delay Circle......Page 130
The Consequence Mitigation Circle......Page 131
The Intelligence Challenge in the War on Suicide Terrorism......Page 132
Israeli Intelligence......Page 134
The Evolution of Israel’s Responses to Suicide Terrorism—A Brief Historic Review......Page 140
The Israeli Methods of Action......Page 144
Targeted Killing......Page 145
Passive Measures......Page 157
Deterring Suicide Bombers......Page 164
Relevant Lessons for American Law Enforcement......Page 166
Key Lessons Learned—Operative Level......Page 167
Specific Lessons—Operational-Tactical Level......Page 172
Summary and Conclusions......Page 177
Endnotes......Page 179
The Origins of Suicide Attacks Against the United States......Page 197
Suicide Bombings in Iraq......Page 201
The Insurgency: Who, Why, When, and How......Page 204
The Role of Suicide Bombings......Page 215
Assessing the Surge......Page 221
The Impact of Iraq and Its Lessons......Page 230
Future Threats and Suicide Terrorism......Page 235
Endnotes......Page 236
Bibliograhy......Page 243
4 THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SUICIDE TERRORISM......Page 247
Hezbollah......Page 250
Hezbollah’s International Reach......Page 253
The Iran–Hezbollah–al-Qaeda Connection......Page 255
Hezbollah’s Direct Threat to U.S. Homeland......Page 256
A History of Conflict......Page 257
The Tamil Tigers and Suicide Terrorism......Page 258
Consequences and Counterterrorism Efforts......Page 260
Israel......Page 263
Historical Background......Page 264
A Decade and a Half of Suicide Terrorism......Page 265
From Deterrence to Prevention and Preemption......Page 266
Operational Lessons......Page 269
History of Conflict......Page 270
India’s Experience with Suicide Terrorism......Page 272
Civil War and Civil Strife: The PKK’s Answer to the “Kurdish Question”......Page 275
Turkey’s Experience with Suicide Terror......Page 276
Islamic Groups Step Up to the Plate......Page 280
Turkish Counterterrorism Tactics......Page 281
Lessons from Turkey’s Experience with Suicide Terrorism......Page 283
Al-Qaeda......Page 284
Establishing the “Base”......Page 285
Al-Qaeda Organization: Affiliates and Networks......Page 286
Al-Qaeda Attacks......Page 288
Al-Qaeda in Europe......Page 291
Al-Qaeda in Southeast Asia......Page 295
Consequences and Counterterrorism......Page 296
The Future of al-Qaeda......Page 299
History of Conflict......Page 300
Chechen Separatists and Suicide Terrorism......Page 301
Consequences and Counterterrorism......Page 310
Summary and Conclusions—The Internationalization of Suicide Terrorism......Page 311
Endnotes......Page 312
5 HIGH-RISK SCENARIOS AND FUTURE TRENDS......Page 323
Description of Scenario......Page 324
Consequence......Page 327
Means of Mitigation......Page 328
Description of Scenario......Page 329
Vulnerability......Page 331
Means of Mitigation......Page 332
Prosperity or Security in the Maritime Trade......Page 333
Description of Scenario......Page 334
Vulnerability......Page 336
Consequence......Page 338
Means of Mitigation......Page 339
Description of Scenario......Page 340
Vulnerability......Page 342
Consequence......Page 343
Means of Mitigation......Page 346
Description of Scenario......Page 347
Consequence......Page 348
Scenario No. 6: Suicide Terrorist Attack on Subway Followed by a Suicide Terrorist Attack on Premises of a Level I Trauma Center......Page 349
Vulnerability......Page 350
Means of Mitigation......Page 351
Future Trends......Page 353
Endnotes......Page 355
6 METHODS FOR CONFRONTING SUICIDE TERROR......Page 363
Detection of Key Terrorist Activities......Page 368
Detection of Terrorist Recruitment in the Community......Page 372
Identifying Safe Houses and Planning Centers......Page 375
Terrorist Means of Communication......Page 377
Identifying Terrorist Transportation......Page 385
Identifying Paper Falsification......Page 388
Land Attack Characteristics......Page 389
Sea Attack Characteristics......Page 390
Air Attack Characteristics......Page 391
The Public and the Battle Against Terrorism......Page 392
Legislation in the Battle Against Terrorism......Page 393
Negotiation Tactics to Use in Incidents of Terror......Page 394
Rules of Engagement......Page 395
Response to Suicide/Homicide Bombers......Page 396
Patrol Level Response......Page 397
Operational Philosophy......Page 399
Endnotes......Page 400
7 MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF SUICIDE TERRORISM......Page 403
Explosives......Page 404
Effects and Management of Suicide Terrorism......Page 406
Preparing for Suicide Terror Mass Casualty Incidents......Page 409
Pre-Hospital Management, Short Term......Page 411
Pre-Hospital Management, Prolonged Term......Page 412
Hospital Management of Suicide Terrorism......Page 414
Endnotes......Page 415
Index......Page 419