Structure and Function of Cholinesterases and Related Proteins

Front Matter....Pages i-xxix
Bert N. La Du, a Summary of His Career to 1998....Pages 1-2
Diversity and Processing of Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 3-24
Structural and Functional Studies on Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 25-33
Genetic Manipulations of Catalytic and Non-Catalytic Functions of Human Cholinesterases....Pages 35-39
ACHE Knockout Mouse; Cat AChE and Cat BChE Sequences; Tetramers of BChE....Pages 41-44
Molecular Mechanisms Controlling the Synapse-Specific Expression and Activity-Linked Regulation of Acetylcholinesterase in Skeletal Muscle Fibers....Pages 45-50
Intronic Elements Appear Essential for the Differentiation-Specific Expression of Acetylcholinesterase in C2C12 Myotubes....Pages 51-55
The Building of Acetylcholinesterase Collagen-Tailed Forms....Pages 57-63
Fluorescent Fasciculin....Pages 65-70
Factors that Determine AChE Efficacy in Synaptic Function....Pages 71-77
Glucocorticoid Control of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Expression in the Mammalian Organism....Pages 79-85
Four Acetylcholinesterase Genes in the Nematodes caenorhabditis Elegans and Caenorhabditis Briggsae ....Pages 87-92
Neural Activation of Muscles Regulates Muscle Acetylcholinesterase Expression....Pages 93-97
Acetylcholinesterase in Elapid Snakes....Pages 99-103
Structure and Function of Cholinesterases from Agnathans and Cephalochordates....Pages 105-110
The Human Ache Locus Includes a Polymorphic Enhancer Domain 17KB Upstream from the Transcription Start Site....Pages 111-111
Novel Transcription Start Site for Murine AChE....Pages 112-112
Neurotrophins Differentially Regulate Expression of Cholinergic Enzymes in Cultured Spinal Cord Motoneurons....Pages 113-114
Extrajunctional Expression of the Asymmetric Molecular Forms of Acetylcholinesterase in Slow Rat Muscles Transinnervated by a Fast Motor Nerve....Pages 115-116
Increased Expression of Acetylcholinesterase T and R Transcripts During Hematopoietic Differentiation is Accompanied by Parallel Elevations in the Levels of Their Respective Molecular Forms....Pages 117-118
Expression of the Acetylcholinesterase Gene in Skeletal Muscle Fibers....Pages 119-120
Intronic Sequences Influence Pre-mRNA Splicing of Acetylcholinesterase During Muscle Differentiation....Pages 121-122
Calcineurin Enhances mRNA Stability of Acetylcholinesterase During Muscle Differentiation in C2-C12 Cells....Pages 123-124
Degradation of AChE mRNA in the Normal and Denervated Rat Skeletal Muscle....Pages 125-126
Transcriptional Control of Acetylcholinesterase Expression During Quail Muscle Development in Culture....Pages 127-127
Activity-Linked Regulation of Acetylcholinesterase mRNA Levels Involves Distinct Molecular Mechanisms in Developing Versus Adult Skeletal Muscles....Pages 128-129
Testosterone Regulation of Acetylcholinesterase in the Rat Levator Ani Muscle....Pages 130-131
Assembly, Stability and Secretion of Acetylcholinesterase in Cultured Mouse Muscle Cells....Pages 132-133
Regulation of Acetylcholinesterase Oligomerization in the Muscles by Associated-Acetylcholinesterase Collagen, ColQ....Pages 134-134
The Glycolipid-Addition Signal of Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 135-135
Four Acetylcholinesterase Genes in the Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans ....Pages 136-137
Four Acetylcholinesterase Genes in the Nematode Caenorhabditis Elegans ....Pages 138-139
cDNA Cloning, In Vitro Expression, and Biochemical Characterization of Cholinesterase 1 and Cholinesterase 2 from Amphioxus....Pages 140-140
Acetylcholinesterase Expression During Development of Danio Rerio ....Pages 141-142
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a cDNA Encoding AChE from Optic Lobe of Loligo Opalescences ....Pages 143-143
 Electrophorus Electricus Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 144-144
Amino Acid Sequence of Horse Serum Butyrylcholinesterase....Pages 145-146
Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase of Cat....Pages 147-147
Bovine Acetylcholinestrase — Cloning, Expression and Characterization of the Recombinant Enzyme....Pages 148-148
Acetylcholinesterase Autoimmunity In Vitro ....Pages 149-149
Expression of Human Butyrylcholinesterase in Trichoplusia ni Insect Larvae....Pages 150-150
Stabilization of Recombinant Drosophila Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 151-151
Pharmacological Basis of Cholinergic Therapy in Alzheimer Disease....Pages 153-157
Age Influences the Synergy between Butyrylcholinesterase K Variant and Apolipoprotein E ε4 in Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease....Pages 159-166
Molecular Interactions of Acetylcholinesterase with the Synaptic Basal Lamina and the Senile Plaques....Pages 167-173
Expression and Glycosylation of Acetylcholinesterase in Alzheimer’s Disease Brain....Pages 175-179
Comparative Effects of Cholinesterase Inhibitors on Glutamate-Induced Neuronal Cell Death....Pages 181-181
Acetylcholinesterase Enhances the Neurotoxicity of β-Amyloid Fibrils....Pages 182-182
Multilevel Approaches to AChE-Induced Impairments in Learning and Memory....Pages 183-184
Identification of an Acetylcholinesterase Fragment that Promotes Alzheimer β-Amyloid Fibril Formation....Pages 185-186
Differential Effect of Acetylcholinesterase on Neuronal and Glial Cells in Culture....Pages 187-187
Substrate Binding to the Peripheral Site Occurs on the Catalytic Pathway of Acetylcholinesterase and Leads to Substrate Inhibition....Pages 189-196
Structure of the Acylation Transition State for Acetylcholinesterase Catalysis....Pages 197-202
Contribution of the Active Center Functional Architecture to AChE Reactivity Toward Substrates and Inhibitors....Pages 203-209
The Effect of Peripheral Site Ligands on the Reaction Kinetics of Phosphyl and Carboxyl Esters with Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 211-214
Acceleration of Oxime-Induced Reactivation of Organophosphate-Inhibited Acetylcholinesterase by Quaternary Ligands....Pages 215-221
Reaction of Human Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) H117 Enzymes with Carbamates....Pages 223-226
An Integrated Model for the Molecular Traffic through the Active Site of Cholinesterases....Pages 227-228
Substrate Binding to the Acetylcholinesterase Peripheral Site Promotes Substrate Hydrolysis but also Gives Rise to Substrate Inhibition....Pages 229-229
Activity of Torpedo Californica Acetylcholinesterase in the Crystalline State....Pages 230-231
Correlation of Isotope and Viscosity Effects....Pages 232-232
Low-Barrier Hydrogen Bond in the Catalytic Triad of Serine Enzymes....Pages 233-233
Does Electrostatic Attraction or Steering by Charged Residues within the Gorge Contribute to the Reactivity of AChE?....Pages 234-235
Photoaffinity Labeling with [ 3 H]-DDF Reveals TRP82 and TYR332 are Involved in Two Quaternary Ammonium Binding Domains of Human Butyrylcholinesterase....Pages 236-237
4-Aminoquinolines as AChE Inhibitors....Pages 238-238
Identification of Residues Involved in Naja Naja Oxiana AChE Insensitivity to Fasciculin....Pages 239-239
Expression and Purification of Recombinant Mutants of Fasciculin from Mammalian Cells....Pages 240-241
Photo-Induced Inhibition of Human Butyrylcholinesterase by Phenyldiazonium Esters....Pages 242-242
Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE; E.C. 3.1.1.7) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE; E.C. 3.1.1.8) by Terbutaline....Pages 243-243
Effects of Triton X100 on the Activity of Acetylcholinesterases from Drosophila Melanogaster, Musca Domestica and Torpedo Californica ....Pages 244-244
Cyclic, Selectively Permeable Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors....Pages 245-245
The Aromatic Moiety at Position-86 of HuAChE Accelerate the Aging of Phosphonyl-AChE Conjugates through Cation-π Interactions....Pages 246-246
pH Dependence of Dealkylation in Soman-Inhibited Cholinesterases and Their Mutants....Pages 247-248
ESMS as a Unique Tool for the Molecular Monitoring of Reactions between HuAChE and Various OP-Agents....Pages 249-249
Reactivation of Enantiomeric Organophosphonyl Conjugates of Acetylcholinesterase Mutants, F295L and F297I by Mono- and Bis-Quarternary Oximes....Pages 250-251
Improved Acetylcholinesterase Reactivation with Bis-Oximes Modeled on Crystal Structure....Pages 252-252
Caged Cholinergic Ligands and Photoregulation of Cholinesterase Activities....Pages 253-254
Current Capabilities in Extrapolating from Animal to Human the Capacity of Human Butyrylcholinesterase to Detoxify Organophosphates....Pages 255-260
Retrospective Detection of Exposure to Nerve Agents in the Rhesus Monkey and in Man....Pages 261-267
Acetylcholinesterase, a Versatile Protein....Pages 269-276
Quaternary-Lipophilic Carbamates with Blood Brain Barrier Permeability as Potential Drugs for the Treatment of Diseases Associated with Cholinergic Deficiency....Pages 277-282
The Role of Oligosaccharides in the Pharmacokinetics of Cholinesterases....Pages 283-289
Contribution of Primary Sequence and Post-Translation Modification to the Pharmacokinetics of Human and Bovine Acetylcholinesterases....Pages 291-297
Synthesis of Imidazolio-Quinuclidinium Oximes....Pages 299-299
A Comparison of Blood Cholinesterase Activities, Pyridostigmine Inhibition of Red Cell Acetylcholinesterase, and Butyrylcholinesterase Phenotypes in Gulf War Veterans and Normal Controls....Pages 300-301
Blood Cholinesterase Activity Levels of Victims Intoxicated with Sarin in Matsumoto and Tokyo Subway System....Pages 302-302
Diisopropylphosphorofluoridate-Induced Modulation of Different Nerve Action Potentials....Pages 303-304
Sequestration of Toxic Phosphorylated Oximes by Stoichiometric and Catalytic Scavengers....Pages 305-306
Characterization of ChEs Immobilized on Polyurethane Foams....Pages 307-308
Structure-Function Relationships in High Molecular Weight PAF-Acetylhydrolases from the Studies of a Microbial α/β Hydrolase....Pages 309-314
Crystal Structure of Mouse Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 315-322
3D Structure at 2.7 Å Resolution of Native and E202Q Mutant Human Acetylcholinesterase Complexed with Fasciculin-II....Pages 323-326
Computer Simulation Studies of Acetylcholinesterase Dynamics and Activity....Pages 327-329
Fasciculin Inhibition of Mouse Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 331-338
The Push-Pull Mechanism of Dealkylation in Soman-Inhibited Cholinesterases and Their Mutants....Pages 339-344
Thermodynamic Correlation with Kinetic Association Rates for Several Mutants of Mouse Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 345-350
Quaternary Structure of Tetrameric Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 351-356
Fast Molecular Docking Methods....Pages 357-366
Weighted-Ensemble Brownian Dynamics for Charged Ligand Diffusion onto Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 367-367
Alternate Pathways for Acetic Acid and Acetate Ion Release from Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 368-368
Molecular Dynamics of Acetylcholinesterase Dimer....Pages 369-369
3D Structure of a Complex of Human Acetylcholinesterase with Fasciculin-II at 2.7 Å Resolution....Pages 370-370
Crystal Structures of Complexes of E2020-Related Compounds with Torpedo Californica Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 371-371
Alternative Crystal Forms of Torpedo Californica Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 372-372
Kinetic and X-Ray Crystallographic Studies of the Binding of ENA-713 to Torpedo Californica Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 373-374
Compatibility of Structures Inferred from Mutagenesis and from X-Ray Crystallography for Various AChE Complexes....Pages 375-376
Oxime Reactivation of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibited by Enantiomeric Organophosphates....Pages 377-378
Site-Directed Photo-Probes for Structural and Functional Investigations on Cholinesterases....Pages 379-385
Comparison of Cholinesterases and Carboxylesterase as Bioscavengers for Organophosphorus Compounds....Pages 387-392
Optimization of the Signal Peptide for Glycosyl Phosphatidylinositol-(GPI)-Modification of Human Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 393-398
Mechanical Aspects of the Phosphotriesterase Activity of Human Butyrylcholinesterase G117H Mutant....Pages 399-405
Metal Binding Motifs in Cholinesterases and Neuroligins....Pages 407-412
A View from the Gorge....Pages 413-417
Structural Changes in the Active Site Gorge of Phosphylated Cholinesterase Accompanying the Aging Process....Pages 419-424
Crystal Structures of “Aged” Phosphorylated and Phosphonylated Torpedo Californica Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 425-431
On the Mechanisms of Anticholinesterase Action of Organophosphorus Inhibitors (OPI)....Pages 433-433
Mechanical Aspects of the Phosphotriesterase Activity of Human Butyrylcholinesterase G117H Mutant....Pages 434-434
Surface Residues Near the Peripheral Site Affect the Stability of Torpedo Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 435-435
Stability of the Quaternary Structure of Butyrylcholinesterase Subjected to Ultrasound or Hydrostatic Pressure....Pages 436-437
Membrane-Promoted Unfolding of Torpedo Californica and Bungarus Fasciatus Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 438-439
Association of Tetramers of Human Butyrylcholinesterase is Mediated by Conserved Aromatic Residues of the Carboxy Terminus....Pages 440-441
Assembly of Acetylcholinesterase Subunits in vitro ....Pages 442-443
The Heparin-Binding Sites in the Collagenic Tail of Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 444-445
The Heparin-Binding Sites in the Collagenic Tail of Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 446-447
The Conjunction of a Conserved Electrostatic Motif and a Common Cholinesterase Fold Defines a Class of Adhesion Proteins....Pages 448-449
Expression and Tissue Distribution of Cholinesterases Via EST Analysis....Pages 450-450
Homology Modelling of Drosophila Melanogaster and Electrophorus Eel Acetylcholinesterases....Pages 451-451
Acetylcholinesterase Structural Perturbations Examined Through Cysteine Substitution Mutagenesis....Pages 452-452
Structural Modifications of the Ω Loop in Human Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 453-453
Crystal Structures of “Aged” Phosphorylated and Phosphonylated Torpedo Californica Acetylcholinesterase....Pages 454-455
A Database of Pairwise Aligned 3-D Structures for the Acetylcholinesterases, Lipases and Other Homologous Proteins....Pages 457-462
ESTHER 1998, aChEdb Short Tutorial....Pages 463-467
3D Structure of a Complex of the Anti-Alzheimer Drug, E2020, with Acetylcholinesterase at 2.5Å Resolution....Pages 469-475
The OECD Program: Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems....Pages 477-478
Researches on Cholinesterases and Plant Protection....Pages 479-482
Acetylcholinesterase and Insecticide Resistance in the Mosquito Culex Pipiens ....Pages 483-489
Biochemical and Molecular Characterisation of Insecticide Insensitive Acetylcholinesterase in Resistant Insects....Pages 491-496
Molecular Basis of Esterase-Mediated OP Resistance in Two Higher Diptera....Pages 497-502
Acetylcholinesterase Increase in Drosophila as a Mechanism of Resistance to Insecticide....Pages 503-507
Why do Some Parasitic Nematodes Secrete Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE)?....Pages 509-513
Secretory Acetylcholinesterases from the Nematode Parasite Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ....Pages 515-522
Differential Plant-Parasitic Nematode Sensitivity to Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors....Pages 523-529
Isomalathion Stereoisomers....Pages 531-538
Cholinesterases and Agriculture....Pages 539-546
Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Affinity-Tagged Musca Domestica Acetylcholinesterase Secreted from Baculovirus Infected Cells....Pages 547-547
Mutations in the Housefly Acetylcholinesterase Gene that Confer Resistance to Insecticides....Pages 548-548
An Insensitive ACHE Confers Insecticide Resistance in Myzus Persicae ....Pages 549-549
The Acetylcholinesterase Gene and Organophosphorous Resistance in the Australian Sheep Blowfly, Lucilia Cuprina ....Pages 550-551
Shielding of Acetylcholinesterase does not Result in the Protection of Honey Bee against Poisoning by Organophosphates....Pages 552-552
Engineering Sensitive Acetylcholinesterase for Detection of Organophosphate and Carbamate Insecticides....Pages 553-553
Comparison of Fetal and Maternal Brain Cholinesterase Activity Following Repeated Versus Single Late Gestational Exposure to Chlorpyrifos....Pages 554-555
Non-Cholinergic Actions of Acetylcholinesterase in the Substantia Nigra....Pages 557-562
Possible Adhesive Function of Transiently Expressed Acetylcholinesterase in Developing Cerebral Cortex....Pages 563-568
Nonenzymatic Roles of Cholinesterases in Avian Neurogenesis....Pages 569-576
A Morphogenic Role for Acetylcholinesterase in Neurite Outgrowth....Pages 577-583
Pharmacologic Tests of a Role for Acetylcholinesterase in Promoting Neurite Outgrowth by Dorsal Root Ganglia....Pages 585-590
Suppression of Butyrylcholinesterase Induces Overexpression of Acetylcholinesterase and Increased Apoptosis in Embryonic Chick Retinospheroids....Pages 591-592
The Role of Acetylcholinesterase in Neuronal Differentiation....Pages 593-593
Cholinesterase Activities in Intact Human Pulmonary Vessels Treated with LTD 4 ....Pages 594-595
Increase of Cholinesterase Activity in Intact Human Bronchial Preparations Treated with Indomethacin....Pages 596-597
Studies on a Molecular Form (C 4/5 ) of Human Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)....Pages 598-599
Frequency of the F2 Mutation of Human Butyrylcholinesterase in a Random Population Sample from Southern Brazil....Pages 600-600
Frequencies of the Butyrylcholinesterase K Mutation in Southern Brazilian Population Samples of European and African Origin....Pages 601-602
The Relation of Nutrition Index (NI) with the C 4/5 Molecular Form of Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in Human Adults....Pages 603-604
Back Matter....Pages 605-630