Strengthening Peace in Post-Civil War States: Transforming Spoilers into Stakeholders

Cover\r......Page 1
Strengthening Peace in\rPost–Civil War States......Page 4
Copyright\r......Page 5
Contents\n......Page 8
Preface......Page 10
1. Introduction\n......Page 12
Challenges to the Post–Civil War Peace Process......Page 14
Peacekeeping in Post–Civil War States: Promise and Limitations......Page 16
Restructuring Institutions......Page 19
Soft Intervention......Page 25
References......Page 32
Notes......Page 34
Part I: Restructuring Institutions\n......Page 38
2. Building Legitimate States after Civil Wars......Page 40
Legitimacy......Page 42
Current State-Building Practice and the Theory of Legitimacy......Page 43
An Alternative Model of State-Building......Page 47
Competitors for Legitimacy......Page 54
References......Page 59
Notes......Page 61
3. States and Civil Societies following Civil Wars......Page 64
Reconstituting the State, Growing Civil Society, and Peace......Page 65
War and Peace in the Caucasus after 1991......Page 68
The Legacies of the Caucasian Wars and Settlements......Page 74
State Institutions Constrain Interveners as Well......Page 83
References......Page 87
Notes......Page 89
4. Electoral Rules and Post–Civil War Conflict Management: The Limitations of Institutional Design......Page 90
The Selection of Electoral Systems in Peace Agreements......Page 93
Embedded Electoral Systems and Confl ict Management......Page 98
References......Page 112
Notes......Page 114
5. Sustaining Peace: Renegotiating Postwar Settlements......Page 116
Exiting Civil Wars through Pacted Transitions......Page 118
Pathologies of War-Ending Pacts: Problems of Power Sharing......Page 120
Renegotiating Pacts: Reopening Pandora’s Box?......Page 123
From Power Sharing to Integrative Solutions......Page 125
References......Page 127
Notes......Page 129
Part II. Soft Intervention\n......Page 132
6. Soft Intervention in Africa: US Efforts to Generate Support for Peace......Page 134
Linking Mediation to Incentive Strategies......Page 136
Diplomacy and the Use of Incentive Strategies......Page 137
References......Page 151
Notes......Page 154
7. Soft Intervention and the Transformation of Militias into Political Parties......Page 156
The Legacy of Fear and Voting for Peace......Page 158
Incentives, Opportunities, and the Demilitarization of Politics......Page 161
Transforming Militias into Political Parties......Page 162
References......Page 171
Notes......Page 173
8. Cautionary Tales: Soft Intervention and Civil Society......Page 174
Civil Society and Peacemaking in Practice and Theory......Page 176
El Salvador: Forging a Civil-Society Role......Page 177
Bosnia: Pathologies of NGOization......Page 181
Northern Ireland: Part of the Problem, Part of the Solution?......Page 185
Civil Society and Civil Peacemaking:Potential and Limitations of Soft Intervention......Page 190
References......Page 195
Notes......Page 198
9. Soft Intervention and the Puzzling Neglect of Economic Actors......Page 200
Economic Causes of and Solutions to Civil War......Page 201
Local Economic Actors and the Class Basis of a Stable Peace......Page 205
Business Self-Interest in Peace and Its Limits......Page 213
International Strategy and Entrepreneurs......Page 219
References......Page 224
Notes......Page 227
10. Conclusions......Page 230
Identifying Postwar Populations’ Interests in the Peace......Page 231
Strategies for Creating Stakeholders in the Peace......Page 234
Policy Implications......Page 242
References......Page 245
Notes......Page 246
List of Contributors......Page 248
Index......Page 250