Standardization: Studies from the Germanic Languages

STANDARDIZATION STUDIES FROM THE GERMANIC LANGUAGES......Page 2
Editorial page......Page 3
Title page......Page 4
Copyright page......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 6
INTRODUCTION......Page 8
References......Page 13
1. Introduction: Historical sociolinguistics and the study of languagestandardization......Page 14
2. Variation and standardization: The Cape Dutch variety spectrum around 1900......Page 16
3. Afrikaner nationalism and early standardization efforts at the Cape......Page 18
4. Social mobility, nationalism and types of knowledge: A macro-level approach to social network analysis and language standardization......Page 21
5. Language use, innovativeness and linguistic diffusion: A micro-level approach to social network analysis and language standardization......Page 23
6. Ties of coalition and cooperation — the Afrikaner nationalists \' network......Page 29
7. A new standard language at the Cape: The rise of Afrikaans......Page 30
8. Conclusion: network analysis, the diffusion of standard languages and sociolinguistic theory......Page 33
References......Page 34
1. Introduction......Page 40
2. Spelling norms......Page 42
3. Spelling reality......Page 45
4. Discussion......Page 50
References......Page 53
1. Introduction: German standard(s)......Page 56
2. Literacy in the German speaking countries in the 19* century......Page 58
3. Standardization processes as reflected in private correspondence......Page 59
4. Analysis of selected grammatical features......Page 64
5. Conclusion: Standard German in the 19* century — a myth?......Page 73
References......Page 74
1. Introduction......Page 80
2. The history of standard German......Page 82
3. The importance of Early L2 Grammars......Page 83
4. The data......Page 86
References......Page 92
Norms and standards......Page 96
Orthographic representations and automatic writing......Page 98
16th-century standard......Page 100
Changes in 16th -century periodic norms......Page 101
16th-century social norms......Page 104
Group identity and provenance......Page 106
Discussion......Page 107
References......Page 109
EMERGING MOTHER-TONGUE AWARENESS THE SPECIAL CASE OF DUTCH AND GERMAN IN THE MIDDLE AGES AND THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD......Page 112
References......Page 123
2. Theoretical background......Page 130
3. \'Belgium \' before 1830......Page 134
4. Belgium from 1830 onwards......Page 137
5. Conclusions......Page 143
References......Page 145
1. Introduction......Page 148
2. Background......Page 149
3. Guömundur Kamban......Page 151
4. Jóhannes L.L. Jóhannsson......Page 155
5. Íslenzk mannanöfn (1915)......Page 157
6. Conclusion......Page 163
References......Page 164
2. Standardization and purism......Page 166
3. Germany today — purism in old and new guises......Page 171
4. Conclusion......Page 188
References......Page 189
The language situation......Page 192
Internal change......Page 193
External change......Page 194
Radio......Page 195
Luxembourg Linguistic Society......Page 196
Spelling......Page 197
The Luxembourgish Dictionary......Page 198
Luxembourgish as a school subject......Page 199
References......Page 200
Introduction......Page 204
Conclusion......Page 215
References......Page 216
1. Introduction......Page 218
2 Old Frisian (11th century -1500/1550)......Page 219
3. Gysbert Japicx (1603-1666)......Page 220
4. J.H. Halbertsma (1789-1869)......Page 222
5. Harmen Sytstra (1817-1862)......Page 224
6. After 1915......Page 225
7. Some aspects of the present situation......Page 226
8. Conclusion......Page 228
References......Page 229
YIDDISH NO STATE, NO STATUS — NO STANDARD?......Page 232
References......Page 240
Introduction......Page 242
Official and unofficial governing bodies......Page 243
British English norms and sanctioned EFL standards in Europe......Page 244
Lesser-used languages and languages with global spread......Page 245
Rejecting the culture-specific norm......Page 246
English as the lingua franca......Page 247
Kachru and the deconstruction of native-speaker hegemony......Page 248
The postcolonial dimension of English standardization......Page 249
English in mainland Europe......Page 250
The demise of \'valued\' and \'less valued\' varieties......Page 251
Processes of Americanization......Page 252
MAE and the international status of English......Page 253
The Swedish origins of MAE......Page 254
English in a culturally pluralistic EU......Page 255
Variety building......Page 256
The symposium......Page 258
BrE and the challenge of MAE and American English......Page 262
Conclusion......Page 263
References......Page 264
INDEX......Page 266