sports medicine Volume 41 Issue 6 June 2011

Abstract......Page 1
1.2 Human RAS......Page 2
1.3 The Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) InsertionsolDeletion Polymorphism and™Human Physical Performance......Page 3
1.4 ACE Polymorphism and Cardiac Muscle......Page 7
1.5 ACE Genotype and Skeletal Muscle......Page 8
1.6 ACE and Maximal Oxygen Consumption......Page 9
2. Conclusions......Page 10
References......Page 11
Abstract......Page 17
1. Introduction......Page 18
2.1 Cycle Time Trials......Page 19
2.2 Running Time Trials......Page 21
3. Performance Protocols......Page 22
4. Ratings of Perceived Exertion......Page 23
6. Mechanisms......Page 25
8. Conclusions......Page 27
References......Page 28
Abstract......Page 30
1. Introduction......Page 31
Trochanteric Length Method......Page 32
Heel Method......Page 35
3.2 Effects of Bicycle Saddle Height Configuration on Cycling Performance......Page 36
3.2.5 Pedal Force Application......Page 37
3.3.2 Knee Joint Forces and Moments......Page 38
3.3.3 Muscle Mechanics and Activation Patterns......Page 40
3.5 Practical Implications and Recommendations......Page 41
References......Page 42
Abstract......Page 44
2. Reviewing Method......Page 45
Observational Studies......Page 46
3.2.1 Observational Studies......Page 48
4. Discussion......Page 50
5. Conclusions......Page 53
References......Page 54
Abstract......Page 56
1. Introduction......Page 57
2. Neuromuscular Alterations in Ultra-—Marathon Running......Page 58
2.1 Central Contribution......Page 59
2.2 Alterations at the Muscle Level......Page 60
3. The Flush Model......Page 61
3.2 Description of the Model......Page 62
3.3 Feed-Forward and Feedback Mechanisms Influence the Filling Rate......Page 64
3.4 Apart from the Filling Rate, Which Factors Influence the Quantity of Water?......Page 66
3.5 The Waste Pipe......Page 67
3.6 The Security Reserve......Page 68
4. Conclusion......Page 69
References......Page 70
Abstract......Page 74
2. Metabolic Impairment, Energy Balance and Compensatory Eating......Page 75
3. The Metabolic Control of Food Intake: Does Substrate Metabolism Drive Energy Intake?......Page 77
3.1 Substrate Metabolism, Exercise and Energy Intake: Acute Manipulation of Glycogen Availability......Page 78
3.2 Substrate Metabolism, Exercise and Energy Intake: Short-thinspand Medium-Term Manipulation of Glycogen Availability......Page 80
3.3 Limitations and Areas for Future Research......Page 82
5. Conclusion......Page 84
References......Page 85